Nursing Student's Viewpoints and Experiences about Clinical Evaluation by 360 Degree Approach

Introduction: One way to confront challenges of clinical evaluation of the students is by means of 360 degree method. Understanding experiences and viewpoints of nursing students as evaluatees are very important. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the experiences and viewpoints of nursing students about clinical evaluation by 360 degree approach. Method: In this qualitative study, junior nursing students attending a pediatric internship program were chosen by purposeful sampling. Focus group sessions were held for data gathering. Totally 27 students participated in 4 focus group discussions. For transcription and analysis of interviews Microsoft Word and OneNote software were used and date were analysed using content analysis approach. Results: “dynamic atmosphere of clinical field” was the main theme of study that consisted of four categories; “active learning”, “justice”, “communication”, and “discipline”. Conclusion: Finding of this study can help nursing instructors to gain a better understanding of the nursing students viewpoints toward this evaluation approach and help them take essential steps and plannings towards implementing this approach. Keywords: 360 degree evaluation, Nursing students experiences, Qualitative stud

Evaluation of Nursing Students Using Objective Structured Clinical Examination: A Strategy for Assessing Students’ Competence

Background & Objective: Evaluation of students before entering the clinical field can be a reliable criterion for assessing the quality of students’ clinical skills. This study was performed with the aim of evaluating nursing students using objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) method in order to assess students’ competence before entering the clinical environment. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the knowledge and practice of 39 nursing students were examined during 2 consecutive days before enter the clinical field in determined stations of the nursing skills laboratory of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, using relevant checklists. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive and analytic statistics such as independent t-test and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results: Of the 39 participants, 22 (56.4%) were female, 17 (43.6%) were male. The mean age of participants was 21.85 ± 0.96. The highest score was related to writing of drug form, kardex, and nursing report (94.8%), and ECG procedure (74.7%), respectively. The least score belonged to tracheostomy suction (12.8%), and catheterization and subcutaneous injection procedures (25.6%), respectively. Conclusion: According to the findings and considering the weaknesses of students, effective steps can be taken toward the improvement of their performance. Key Words: Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), Nursing students, Clinical evaluation, Clinical skills, Clinical knowledg

Nursing Instructors and Students, Views Related to Discrimination in Nursing Care: A Qualitative Study

Background: One of the moral challenges in the healthcare system is discrimination in providing care to patients. The present study aimed to report the experiences of nursing instructors and students regarding discrimination in nursing care.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis through semi-structured interviews with 8 nursing instructors and 13 nursing students. The participants were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data collection continued until data saturation. Data were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman’s proposed method. Data collection and analysis were concurrent. Results: According to the findings, “Discrimination paradigm,” “Discrimination as a negative concept,” and “The role of nursing instructors” (teaching moral values, being a role model, and evaluating moral standards) were identified as the main categories. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, nursing instructors are recommended to introduce moral topics to students, act as role models for them, and teach them how to deal with ethical challenges

Comparison of structure and observance of scientific writing of nursing master students theses in Kerman & Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: Dissertation component of university research is considered that represent the power of initiative and creativity of students . Thesis in nursing education to increase knowledge and positive vision research process in nursing students and to create clinical practice field is based on scientific evidence. Objectives: Thesis evaluation as a research document, or look for scientific and research information available is essential therefore present study assessed the structure and observing scientific writing thesis master of nursing students was conducted in Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Method: In this descriptive thesis M.sc Nursing 75 cases and 130 cases of Kerman, Tabriz, to selected randomly and in terms of general profile, structure and content were examined data by an information form and contains 14 questions and 38 questions about general characteristics of elements related to research and research methods were 16 indicators have been collected. In the analyzed data using descriptive statistics and t tests,X2, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U and kruskal- Wallis and software 18SPSS was performed. Results: Most of the thesis investigated more Kerman and Tabriz (76, 70.2percent) of the type of descriptive studies, more than half (60, 68.5percent) were the themes Surgical Nursing. Triple points in total 16 indicators thesis studied Kerman and Tabriz to more 85/ 6 ± 10.14 and 74.7 ± 13.7from 114, the statistical difference p =0.000) was significant. And 16 fold in all criteria also significant difference (p=0.05) was observed. Most consistent in Kerman thesis in order to correct writing (86.7percent) and (58.8 percent) and lowest compliance respectively Kerman how to abstract thesis (29.3 percent) and how introduction (3.11) respectively. Total thesis of Kerman 9.1 percent and Tabriz 17.7 percent succeeded in publishing article had been. Differences between mean total score of the end of the letter based on the time period of five (p =0.000), published articles, letters from the end (p =0.000), academic degrees Supervisor (0.001) and the number of Supervisor (p= 0.002) means was significant. Conclusion: Although a total of Kerman thesis rather than structure and scientific writing were better. But the scientific evaluation of this documentation in both training center, indicate that thesis in recent years enjoy a better quality of. Growing trend of improvement course developed thesis represented hale promote scientific research and development of students and faculty members Ian universities and attention to the necessity of making use ‌ research results to promote the importance of their operations that run much and develop theses shows. Keywords: Thesis, Msc Nursing, Evaluation, Comparison, Kerman, Tabri

Experience of Families for Waiting during their Patients’ Surgery: A Qualitative Research

Introduction: A family-centered approach is an important part of the care process for surgical patients and their families. Nursing care is effective only when the family is taken into consideration. Understanding of family members’ experiences could helps nurses for better care services. Thus, this study aimed to explain the experience of waiting in families of patients undergoing surgery. Method: In this qualitative study, 17 family members of patients undergoing surgery were selected by purposive and theoretical sampling until data saturation. Semi structured interviews were held for data collection. For transcription and analysis of interviews, Microsoft Word and One Note software was used and date were analyzed using content analysis approach. Results: According to the findings, “Stressful waiting” was the main theme of study which was consisted of four categories, i.e. “mental and intellectual concerns”, “fear and worry”, “psychological reactions” and “psychosomatic reactions”. Conclusion: Finding of this study can help healthcare professionals especially nurses to get a better understanding of the family emotions and concerns in this situation and as a result could be planning for decreasing such concerns. Keywords: Waiting, Surgery, Patient’s family, Qualitative researc

Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Stroke: A Population Based Cohort Study

Both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and stroke are associated with increased risk of mortality. Here, we aimed to assess the prevalence of MetS among adults using three definitions (Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and IDF ethnic specific cut-off for Iranian criteria) and its association with stroke. We performed a cross-sectional study of a total of 9991 adult participants of Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS), as part of the Prospective epidemiological research studies in Iran (PERSIAN cohort study). The MetS prevalence was evaluated in participants according to the different criteria. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between three definitions of MetS with stroke. We found that MetS was significantly associated with higher odds of stroke according to NCEP-ATP III (odds ratio (OR): 1.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30-2.74), international IDF (OR:1.66, 95% CI: 1.15-2.40) and Iranian IDF (OR:1.48, 95% CI: 1.04-2.09) after adjusted for variables confounders. Furthermore, after adjustment, in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the AUROC was 0.79 (95% CI = 0.75-0.82), 0.78(95% CI = 0.74-0.82) and 0.78(95% CI = 0.74-0.81) for presence of MetS according to NCEP-ATP III, international IDF and Iranian IDF, respectively. ROC analyses revealed that all of these three criteria for MetS are moderately accurate for the identification of increased stroke risk.In conclusion, our results showed that MetS was associated with increased odds of stroke. Our findings implicate the importance of early identification, treatment, and ultimately prevention of the metabolic syndrome

تبیین عوامل زمینه‌ساز تبعیض در مراقبت بیماران از دیدگاه دانشجویان و مدرسین پرستاری

Background and Aim: Discrimination in caring is a challenging issue in the field of professional ethics that occurs consciously or unconsciously and some factors have an important role in this issue. This study planned to explain the underlying factors of discrimination in caring for patients from views of nursing students and teachers. Materials and Methods: In this qualitative content analysis study, the participants were 8 teachers and 13 nursing students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences who were selected by purposive sampling. The study was performed in nursing school, 2020. The data collection method was semi-structured interviews and group discussions and the data were analyzed by qualitative content analysis suggested by Graneheim and Lundman. Ethical Considerations: In the process of conducting of this research, all ethical considerations such as receiving the code of ethics, obtaining informed consent and keeping confidential the information of the participants were observed. Findings: Data analysis led to the emergence of four categories: "factors related to the patient" and "factors related to the nurse", "factors related to the organization", "factors related to culture" and 12 subcategories. Each of the categories was described with use of quotes. Conclusion: The results of this study identified the underlying factors of discrimination from the perspective of nursing teachers and students that can guide nurses for better actions and their programs in this field. Also, the results can be used as a basis for future research in this field.   Cite this article as: Sadeghi R, Sadeghi T. Explaining the Underlying Factors of Discrimination in Caring for Patients from Views of Nursing Students and Teachers. Faslnamah-i akhlaq-i pizishki. 2021; 15(46): e24.زمینه و هدف: تبعیض در مراقبت از مسائل چالش‌برانگیز در حیطه اخلاق حرفه‌ای است که آگاهانه یا ناآگاهانه رخ می‌دهد و عوامل بسیاری در آن نقش دارند. این مطالعه با هدف تبیین عوامل زمینه‌ساز تبعیض در مراقبت بیماران، از دیدگاه دانشجویان و مدرسین پرستاری انجام شد. مواد و روش‌‌ها: در این مطالعه که به روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی از نوع قراردادی انجام شد، مشارکت‌کنندگان 8 مدرس و 13 دانشجوی پرستاری دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان بودند که به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. تحقیق در دانشکده پرستاری و در سال‌های 1400-1399 انجام شد. روش جمع‌آوری داده‌ها مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته و بحث گروهی بود و داده‌ها با روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی بر اساس روش پیشنهادی Lundman &Graneheim  مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. ملاحظات اخلاقی: در فرایند اجرای این تحقیق کلیه ملاحظات اخلاقی مانند دریافت کد اخلاق، کسب رضایت آگاهانه کتبی، محرمانه‌‌ماندن اطلاعات شرکت‌کنندگان در پژوهش رعایت گردید. یافته‌ها: تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها منجر به ظهور 4 طبقه «عوامل مربوط به بیمار»، «عوامل مربوط به پرستار»، «عوامل مربوط به سازمان» و «عوامل مربوط به فرهنگ» و 12 زیرطبقه گردید که هر یک از طبقات با استفاده از نقل قول‌ها توضیح داده شد. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این مطالعه، عوامل زمینه‌ساز تبعیض از دیدگاه مدرسین و دانشجویان پرستاری را مشخص نمود که می‌توانند هدایت‌کننده پرستاران جهت اقدامات و برنامه‌ریزی‌های بهتر در این زمینه باشند و همچنین به عنوان پایه‌ای برای تحقیقات آینده در این زمینه مورد استفاده قرار گیرند

The Effects of Scheduled Visitation on the Physiological Indices of Conscious Patients Admitted at intensive Care Units

Background: Visitation of patients admitted at intensive care units (ICUs) is a controversial issue in the field of health care. It is commonly believed that the presence of family members might bring about physiological changes, such as tachycardia and hypertension, in ICU patients. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of scheduled visitation on the physiological indices of conscious patients at the ICU. Method: This experimental study was conducted on 90 conscious patients admitted at the ICU of Ganjavian Hospital in Dezful, Iran in 2014. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. In the control group, patient visits were carried out in accordance with normal procedures of the ward. In the intervention group, patients were visited by relatives and family members for 30 minutes, preferably in evening shifts. Physiological indices of the patients were recorded before, during and after scheduled visitation. Data analysis was performed in SPSS V.18 using independent T-test and one-way ANOVA with repeated measures. Results: In this study, mean age of patients in the intervention and control groups was 42.1±19.1 and 39.4±19.6 years, respectively. In the intervention group, systolic blood pressure had a more significant reduction at 10 and 30 minutes after visitation compared to the control group (independent T-test, P0.05). Implications for Practice: According to the results of this study, scheduled visitation by family members caused no significant differences in the physiological indices of ICU patients. It is recommended that future studies be conducted as to confirm this finding and revise patient visitation policies in hospitals

The effect of natural sounds on the anxiety of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Abstract Background This study aims to investigate the effect of natural sounds on the anxiety of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Methods In this clinical trial, 90 patients, who were candidates for CABG in an urban area of Iran, were selected and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups by the minimization method. In the intervention group, natural sounds were broadcast through headphones for 30 min. In the control group, headphones connected to a silent device were used. The research instruments were a demographic questionnaire and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). These were used before the intervention, 30 min after the music, and before the surgery in the waiting room for both groups. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. Results The mean anxiety level of the intervention group has been found to be significantly lower than that of the control group half an hour after the intervention as well as in the waiting room in the preoperative period (p = 0.001). Moreover, the mean anxiety of the intervention group decreases, while it increases for the control group over time (p < 0.001). Conclusion Natural sounds can be used as a non-pharmacological way to reduce the anxiety of patients undergoing CABG. Trial registration I RCT2017011723190N3 , Registered 1 March 2017