Pakistani TVCs: A Critical Study of their Impact on Young Consumers

Advertisers attach the product to the emotions, bounding, and happiness of a family or an individual. Consumer buying behavior very much depends on the advertisement. This study aims to examine how various companies are reflecting the bully behavior (consciously or unconsciously) in the content to promote their products which is not a healthy practice for the young consumers. Through the content analysis of the jingles and dialogues of TV commercials targeting children of age 4 to 11 years, in the local channels in Pakistan. Findings show that  showcasing bullying behavior and portraying negative messages are in the selected ads

2-(2-Oxothio­lan-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione

In the title compound, C12H9NO3S, the isoindoline-1,3-dione group is almost planar, with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.020 Å, whereas the heterocyclic ring approximates to an envelope with the methyl­ene group not adjacent to the S atom in the flap position. A short intra­molecular C—H⋯O contact generates an S(6) ring motif. In the crystal structure, weak aromatic π–π stacking inter­actions occur between the centroids of the benzene rings at a distance of 3.558 (2) Å

(2R)-2-(1,3-Dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-3-methyl­butanoic acid

In the title compound, C13H13NO4, the dihedral angle between the nine-membered phthalimino ring system and the carb­oxy­lic acid group is 67.15 (9)°. An intra­molecular C—H⋯O close contact, which forms an S(6) ring, may help to establish the mol­ecular conformation. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, thereby forming C(7) chains propagating in [010]

Evaluation of Hardness of Ground Drinking Water in Vehari, Pakistan

Ground water contamination has become a major concern in recent years. Hard water is considered aprimary cause of many health-relating issues due to its unsuitability for drinking, domestic, industrial and agriculturalpurposes. Current studies were performed to explore the degree of hardness in drinking water of the selected areas ofVehari city, Pakistan. For this purpose, ten water samples were collected and analyzed. This research involves presentpractices and easy approaches to evaluate the quality of drinking water. The tested samples have shown pH 7.3-7.7,temperature 27-320C and TDS value of 545-1155 mg/L. The hardness of tested water samples was found in the rangeof 110-530 mg/L by titration method. The soap solution method demonstrated the degree of hardness (dᵒTH) in therange of 19.8-35.41. The obtained results were compared with the national and international standards worldwide. Thedrinking water of investigated areas was found hard, contaminated and unsuitable

2-Methyl-3,5-dinitro­benzoic acid

In the title compound, C8H6N2O6, the O atoms of the nitro groups, the methyl H atoms and the carboxyl C=O and C—OH groups are disordered over two sets of sites with an occupancy ratio of 0.595 (16):0.405 (16). In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds arise for both carboxyl disorder components and C—H⋯O bonds and weak C—H⋯π inter­actions consolidate the packing

2-(1,3-Dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)propanoic acid

The crystal structure of the title compound, C11H9NO4, consists of infinite one-dimensional polymeric chains due to inter­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the carboxyl­ate and carbonyl groups. The phthalimide ring system and the C—COO group are planar, with r.m.s. deviations of 0.0253 and 0.0067 Å, respectively, from their mean square planes and the dihedral angle between them is 66.41 (7)°. The mol­ecules are stabilized by C=O⋯π inter­actions and weak intra­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Biological and Chemical Strategies for the Treatment of Sugar Industry Effluents

The waste effluents from sugar industries create lot of pollution problems in the adjacent areas. Sugarindustries discharge huge quantities of residual water causing damage to the biotic as well as abiotic environment dueto its pungent smell, higher BOD and COD values and the exceeded concentration of chlorides, sulphates, heavymetals, carbohydrates, nutrients, oil and grease. Current studies were performed to evaluate the available strategies usedto minimize the pollution load created by sugar industries. Attempts have been made to overview various availableprocedures such as construction of microbial fuel cell, hydrolytic pre-treatment, valorization of sugar industry waste,synthesis of silver nanoparticles, symbiotic process, chemical and electrical oxidation processes, which are used for thetreatment of sugar industry effluents

Factors Affecting the Rate of Breast Cancer; Role of Heavy Metals

Breast cancer is caused by uncontrolled growth of breast cells. It is more common in women as compared tothat in men. The breast cancer may be interlinked with the drinking of alcohol, smoking, sex, hormonal therapy, obesity,family history and age. Various epidemiologic studies suggest the role of metals e.g., nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), arsenic(As),selenium (Se)and cadmium (Cd)as potential risk factors in breast cancer. Humans are exposed to these metals bymeans of drinking water, food and air. The oxidative theory suspects that the complexes formed from these metals invivo, near the location of DNA, catalyze the redox reactions which results in oxidation of DNA. The metals like arsenic(As), chromium (Cr), aluminum (Al), cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr)which exist in trace amount are considered ascarcinogens for organisms by IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). The carcinogenicity of these metalsmainly depends upon their chemical structure and oxidation states

Methyl 2-methyl-3,5-dinitro­benzoate

In the title compound, C9H8N2O6, the methyl ester group is almost planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.002 Å) and is oriented at a dihedral angle of 24.27 (16)° with respect to the benzene ring. The nitro groups make dihedral angles of 4.2 (5)° and 60.21 (11)° with the benzene ring. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by C—H⋯O inter­actions, resulting in zigzag chains

(2R)-2-(1,3-Dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-4-(methyl­sulfan­yl)butanoic acid

The title compound, C13H13NO4S, the 1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl unit is planar (r.m.s. deviation 0.0192 Å) and is oriented at a dihedral angle of 79.14 (18)° to the carboxyl­ate group. An intra­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bond leads to the formation of a planar (r.m.s. deviation 0.0419 Å)R(5) ring motif. In the crystal, mol­ecules are connected through O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds with R 2 2(9) ring motifs into chains extending along the b axis