The combined effect of the T2DM susceptibility genes is an important risk factor for T2DM in non-obese Japanese: a population based case-control study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder. Recently, several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many novel susceptibility loci for T2DM, and indicated that there are common genetic causes contributing to the susceptibility to T2DM in multiple populations worldwide. In addition, clinical and epidemiological studies have indicated that obesity is a major risk factor for T2DM. However, the prevalence of obesity varies among the various ethnic groups. We aimed to determine the combined effects of these susceptibility loci and obesity/overweight for development of T2DM in the Japanese.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in or near 17 susceptibility loci for T2DM, identified through GWAS in Caucasian and Asian populations, were genotyped in 333 cases with T2DM and 417 control subjects.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We confirmed that the cumulative number of risk alleles based on 17 susceptibility loci for T2DM was an important risk factor in the development of T2DM in Japanese population (<it>P </it>< 0.0001), although the effect of each risk allele was relatively small. In addition, the significant association between an increased number of risk alleles and an increased risk of T2DM was observed in the non-obese group (<it>P </it>< 0.0001 for trend), but not in the obese/overweight group (<it>P </it>= 0.88 for trend).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our findings indicate that there is an etiological heterogeneity of T2DM between obese/overweight and non-obese subjects.</p

A new species of the genus Nicippe from Japan (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Pardaliscidae)

A new species of the pardaliscid amphipod, Nicippe recticaudata, from off Cape Toi, Japan, is named and described. This is the first record of Nicippe Bruzelius, 1859 from the western Pacific coast of the Japanese archipelago. Additionally, nucleotide sequences of nuclear 28S ribosomal RNA and histone H3 as well as mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S ribosomal RNA from the holotype and paratypes were determined. The morphological characteristics and the COI distance values enforced the distinctiveness of N. recticaudata sp. n. among the known Nicippe species. Nicippe recticaudata sp. n. closely resembles N. tumida Bruzelius, 1859 in having a two-dentate posterior margin of usoromite 1. However, the former is distinguished from the latter by the posterior margin of merus of pereopod 4 with 5–6 setae, anterior margin of merus of pereopod 5 with 9–10 setae, and telson with straight inner margin, tapering proximally. A key to the species of Nicippe is provided

Relationship between Being Overweight and Clinical Outcomes of Ablation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma under Ultrasound Guidance: A Retrospective Analysis

This study aimed to investigate the effect of being overweight on the outcome of ablation therapy for patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This retrospective study included 198 patients with HCC who underwent radiofrequency ablation or microwave ablation at Gunma Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital between April 2017 and December 2021. We divided the patients into two groups based on their body mass index (BMI): overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, n = 74 (37.4%)) and non-overweight (BMI 2, n = 124 (62.6%)). The technical success rates (TSRs) in the first session were 78.4% and 90.3% in overweight and non-overweight patients, respectively, with a significant difference (p = 0.03). Additional ablation therapy for residual tumors was required in 15 (20.3%) overweight and 11 (8.9%) non-overweight patients (p = 0.03), resulting in 95.9% and 99.2% TSRs at the final session, respectively, without a significant difference (p = 0.3). While local tumor progression and distant recurrence rates were not significantly different between the two groups, overall survival was better in overweight patients than in non-overweight patients (p < 0.001). Despite the potential adverse impact of being overweight on public health problems, the present findings showed the relationship between being overweight and improved survival. The negative aspects of being overweight might remain as minor technical issues in HCC patients receiving ablation therapy

Successful sequential treatment of refractory tumors caused by small cell carcinoma transformation and EGFR-T790M mutation diagnosed by repeated genetic testing in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma harboring epidermal growth factor receptor mutations: A case report

NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations respond to EGFR-TKIs; however, the management of refractory tumors to EGFR-TKIs remains unclear. We demonstrated that repeated genetic testing might be useful for detecting resistance mechanisms as well as for decision-making in EGFR mutated NSCLC patients, following the emergence of resistance to the initial EGFR-TKIs.A 69-year-old man was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma with an EGFR exon 19 deletion. After tumor re-growth treated with erlotinib and chemotherapy, he was diagnosed with an SCLC transformation and administered chemotherapy to treat the SCLC. After the resistance of chemotherapy, the EGFR-T790M mutation by liquid biopsy was detected and treated him with osimertinib, which resulted in a clinical response. Keywords: Repeated genetic testing, Drug resistance, EGFR-T790M, SCLC transformation, Liquid biops

The use of acupuncture in the behavioral management of people with ASD: A Scoping Review

A scoping review to investigate the efficacy of acupuncture for behavioral management in people with ASD. The search for projects will be carried out in the following databases: Pubmed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, SCOPUS, COCHRANE, CINAHL EBSCO, WPRIM(WESTERN PACIFIC), BBO, LILACS, SCIELO and Open Grey Literature, Google Scholar and Portal Capes. The identified studies (without duplicates) will be imported into the Rayyan software and evaluated/selected based on the previously established eligibility criteria by reading the title and abstract, followed by reading the full text of the references cited by the selected studies. The data from the selected studies will be analyzed and collected by filling in a table. All stages will be carried out by two independent, blinded reviewers and, in the event of disagreement, by a third reviewer

A case of unresectable combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab

Abstract An 81‐year‐old man initially underwent right hepatic lobectomy for liver cancer and was pathologically diagnosed with combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (CHC). At 13 months after resection, multiple lymph node metastases were observed. We started atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atez/Bev), achieving a 7.5‐month progression‐free survival. Atez/Bev might exhibit efficacy for CHC patients

Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Brain pericytes serve as microglia-generating multipotent vascular stem cells following ischemic stroke

Localization and characterization of Iba1+ microglia after ischemic stroke. Immunohistochemical localization of Iba1 using the DAB reaction (A–L). In sham-operated mice, resting Iba1+ microglia showing a ramified morphology were observed in the MCA areas of the cortex (A–C). On post-ischemia day 3, many Iba1+ microglia were observed in peri-ischemic areas, with some cells exhibiting an ameboid-like, activated microglial morphology (D–F). On days 5 (G–I) and 7 after ischemia (J–L), most of the Iba1+ microglia exhibited an ameboid morphology and were localized in and around the ischemic areas. The numbers of Iba1+ cells in the ischemic core and peri-ischemic areas are indicated (M). The populations of ramified- or ameboid-like Iba1+ microglia in the ischemic core and peri-ischemic areas are shown (N). Scale bars = 100 μm (B, E, H, K) and 50 μm (C, F, I, L). Abbreviations: DAB, diaminobenzidine; Iba1, ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1; MCA, middle cerebral artery. (PDF 543kb