Prevalence of dieting, overweight, body image satisfaction and associated psychological problems in adolescent boys

Purpose - The aim of the present study is to examine the severity of dieting and its association with obesity, body satisfaction and psychological problems in adolescent boys. Design/methodology/approach - A representative sample of 800 boys in the age group of 14-19 in Qatar was approached during the period from October to December, 2004 and 593 boys gave consent to participate in this study, thus giving a response rate of 74.1 per cent. Self-reports were obtained from 593 teenage boys using the adolescent dieting scale (ADS), and the self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20) for psychopathology. Findings - Of the studied subjects, 33.1 per cent were overweight, 10.1 per cent were extreme dieters and 37.4 per cent were intermediate dieters. Among the dieters, 34 per cent were overweight. Dieting was more likely in subjects who practiced exercise and who were perceived by peers or themselves as overweight. The extreme dieters experienced more psychological problems than the intermediate dieters and non-dieters. Extreme dieters reported sleeping problems (58.3 per cent), tired all the time (53.3 per cent) and felt like crying more than usual (50 per cent). Television was the main source of information on diet (61.7 per cent). Originality/value - The present study findings provide a strong evidence for the association between frequent dieting and overweight, body image dissatisfaction and psychological problems

Evaluation of army corps food supply system using simulation

The Food Supply System is one of the main elements of the Army Logistics System. The ultimate objective in a food supply system is to provide the food at the right time and in the right amount at the right place. If this objective is achieved, the morale, the health, and the strength of the soldiers on the battlefield will enormously enhanced. The purposes of this study are to test if the existing food supply system of the Turkish Army operates properly under the war conditions; to identify the potential problem areas; and establish time standards for different scenarios. We use simulation as the modelling and analysis tool to answer the above questions. The proposed simulation model of the Army Corps Food Supply System is built in Arena and the results are analyzed statistically

Genome-wide association study of male sexual orientation

Family and twin studies suggest that genes play a role in male sexual orientation. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of male sexual orientation on a primarily European ancestry sample of 1,077 homosexual men and 1,231 heterosexual men using Affymetrix single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays. We identified several SNPs with p < 10 -5 , including regions of multiple supporting SNPs on chromosomes 13 (minimum p = 7.5 × 10 -7 ) and 14 (p = 4.7 × 10 -7 ). The genes nearest to these peaks have functions plausibly relevant to the development of sexual orientation. On chromosome 13, SLITRK6 is a neurodevelopmental gene mostly expressed in the diencephalon, which contains a region previously reported as differing in size in men by sexual orientation. On chromosome 14, TSHR genetic variants in intron 1 could conceivably help explain past findings relating familial atypical thyroid function and male homosexuality. Furthermore, skewed X chromosome inactivation has been found in the thyroid condition, Graves' disease, as well as in mothers of homosexual men. On pericentromeric chromosome 8 within our previously reported linkage peak, we found support (p = 4.1 × 10 -3 ) for a SNP association previously reported (rs77013977, p = 7.1 × 10 -8 ), with the combined analysis yielding p = 6.7 × 10 -9 , i.e., a genome-wide significant association

Early color illustrations of psychiatric treatment methods, as drawn by physician Serefeddin Sabuncuoglu (1385-1470)

[No abstract available

High rates of same-sex attraction/gender nonconformity in the offspring of mothers with thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy: Proposal of prenatal thyroid model

Both youngsters and adults with same-sex attraction are at greater risk for negative health outcomes. Despite mounting efforts to determine the biological background, a satisfactory conclusion has not been reached and there is a need to explore alternate factors like functioning of thyroid system during pregnancy. A retrospective chart review was undertaken of 790 eligible children and adolescents who had been admitted to child psychiatry between 2005 and 2013. This population consisted of 520 (65%) males and 270 (35%) females, aged 8 to 17 years. Fifteen mothers (1.8%) were found to have a history of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy. Sixteen youngsters (2%) had a history of same-sex attraction. Twelve overlapping cases with both same-sex attraction and maternal thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy were identified, which was extremely significant (P&lt;0.0001, by Fisher’s exact test). The association was also significant for each sex (P&lt;0.0001, by Fisher’s exact test). There is evidence that thyroid gland plays a crucial and decisive role in determining sexual orientation in people. Maternal thyroid dysfunctions during pregnancy may result in homosexual orientation in the offspring