14 research outputs found

    Perfis proteicos e desempenho fisiológico de sementes de café submetidas a diferentes métodos de processamento e secagem.

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    O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os perfis proteicos e o desempenho fisiolĂłgico de sementes de cafĂ© submetidas a diferentes mĂ©todos de processamento e secagem. Foram avaliados os processamentos por via seca e Ășmida, e as secagens natural, em terreiro, e artificial a 60ÂșC, ou a 60ÂșC atĂ© 30% de umidade e 40ÂșC atĂ© teor final de 11% (base Ășmida). ApĂłs serem processadas e secadas, as sementes foram avaliadas quanto ao desempenho fisiolĂłgico e submetidas a anĂĄlises bioquĂ­micas, por meio da eletroforese de proteĂ­nas resistentes ao calor LEA (?late embryogenesis abundant?) e das enzimas superĂłxido dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, esterase, polifenoloxidase, isocitrato desidrogenase, ĂĄlcool desidrogenase e malato desidrogenase. O perfil proteico de sementes de cafĂ© Ă© afetado pelo mĂ©todo de processamento e de secagem. Os cafĂ©s processados por via Ășmida apresentam maior tolerĂąncia Ă  secagem ? revelada pela maior atividade de enzimas antioxidativas e pelo melhor desempenho fisiolĂłgico ? do que os processados por via seca. A atividade de proteĂ­nas resistentes ao calor e de enzimas antioxidantes Ă© variĂĄvel promissora para diferenciar a qualidade dos cafĂ©s submetidos a diferentes manejos pĂłs‑colheita

    Activity of some isoenzymatic systems in stored coffee grains.

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    Considering the worldwide consumption of coffee, it is natural that throughout the history many people have dedicated the research to markers that contribute somehow on gauging its quality. This research aimed to evaluate the biochemical performance of arabica coffee during storage. Coffee in beans (natural) and in parchment (pulped) dried in concrete terrace and in dryer with heated air were packed in jute bags and stored in not controlled environmental conditions. Enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, esterase and lipoxygenase in coffee grains were evaluated at zero, three, six, nine and twelve months by means of electrophoresis. Independently of the drying method, the activity of isoenzymatic complexes highlighted deteriorative processes in stored grains of coffee. The treatments 60/40° C and 60° C used to reduce the water content imposed a greater stress condition, accelerated metabolism of natural coffee in the storage with decreased activity of defense mechanisms due to latent damage in these grains. Natural coffees are more sensible to high drying temperatures and its quality reduces faster than pulped coffee in the storage.201

    Microscopia eletrÎnica de varredura do endosperma de café (Coffea arabica L.) durante o processo de secagem Scanning electron microscopy of the endosperm of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) during the drying process

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    A manutenção da integridade das membranas celulares, entre outros eventos, Ă© um forte indicativo de que a qualidade do cafĂ© foi preservada na pĂłs-colheita. Objetivou-se neste trabalho, analisar o efeito de diferentes mĂ©todos de secagem na manutenção da integridade da parede celular e da membrana plasmĂĄtica de cafĂ© natural e cafĂ© despolpado, buscando determinar as condiçÔes e o momento em que ocorrem as rupturas microscĂłpicas. Os cafĂ©s foram submetidos a um perĂ­odo de prĂ©-secagem em terreiro. ApĂłs este, uma parcela de cada tipo de cafĂ© foi desidratada no terreiro e, outra, Ă  temperatura de 40ÂșC e 60ÂșC em secadores de camada fixa, monitorando-se a temperatura e o teor de ĂĄgua atĂ© 11% (bu). Nesse perĂ­odo, grĂŁos foram aleatoriamente amostrados e fragmentos do endosperma preparados para a microscopia eletrĂŽnica de varredura, registrando-se diversas eletromicrografias, avaliando-se as alteraçÔes na membrana plasmĂĄtica da cĂ©lula do endosperma dos grĂŁos de cafĂ©s em função do teor de ĂĄgua e tempo de secagem. O citoplasma das cĂ©lulas a 11% (bu) de teor de ĂĄgua nĂŁo foi comprometido na secagem em terreiro e a 40°C; na secagem a 60°C, observou-se comprometimento nas estruturas celulares nos cafĂ©s com teor de ĂĄgua de 20% (bu).<br>The maintenance of the integrity of cellular membranes, among other events, is a strong indicator that the quality of the coffee was preserved in the post-harvesting process. Therefore, this work aimed to analyze the effect of different drying methods on the maintenance of the integrity of cell walls and plasma membrane of natural and de-pulped coffee in order to determine the conditions and the moment that microscopic ruptures take place. The coffee was submitted to a pre-drying period on a concrete patio. After this, a sample of each type of coffee was dehydrated outdoors and another, with heated air at 40ÂșC and 60ÂșC in fixed-layer dryers, controlling the grain temperature and the moisture content to 11% (bu). During the drying process the coffee grains were randomly sampled and fragments of the endosperm were prepared for scanning electron microscopy and eletromicrographs were taken. Measurements of the cells were taken for evaluating changes in the plasma membrane of the endosperm cells in relation to the moisture content and drying period. The cell cytoplasm of the coffee grains with 11% moisture content was not affected when dried under sun light and at the temperature of 40°C. When dried at 60°C, changes in the cellular structures of the cytoplasm were observed for coffees with moisture content of 20%
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