Spiral attractor created by vector solitons

Mode-locked lasers emitting a train of femtosecond pulses called dissipative solitons are an enabling technology for metrology, high-resolution spectroscopy, fibre optic communications, nano-optics and many other fields of science and applications. Recently, the vector nature of dissipative solitons has been exploited to demonstrate mode locked lasing with both locked and rapidly evolving states of polarisation. Here, for an erbium-doped fibre laser mode locked with carbon nanotubes, we demonstrate the first experimental and theoretical evidence of a new class of slowly evolving vector solitons characterized by a double-scroll chaotic polarisation attractor substantially different from Lorenz, Rössler and Ikeda strange attractors. The underlying physics comprises a long time scale coherent coupling of two polarisation modes. The observed phenomena, apart from the fundamental interest, provide a base for advances in secure communications, trapping and manipulation of atoms and nanoparticles, control of magnetisation in data storage devices and many other areas

Long range electronic phase separation in CaFe3O5

Electronic phase separation is an important feature of many correlated perovskite compounds but hasn’t been seen in other complex oxides with similar physical behaviour such as magnetite. Hong et al. find phase separation between a magnetite-like charge ordered phase and a charge averaged phase in CaFe3O5

Magneto-orbital texture in the perovskite modification of Mn2O3

Crystal and magnetic structures of the high-pressure-stabilized perovskite modification of Mn2O3 (ζ -Mn2O3) have been studied by neutron powder diffraction combined with symmetry arguments based on the phenomenological Landau theory. This metastable phase exhibits a unique charge disproportionation phenomenon stabilizing the quadruple perovskite structure (Mn2+Mn3+ 3 )Mn3.25+ 4 O12 with an additional charge-ordering and commensurate orbital density wave localized in the B-site perovskite position. The commensurate nature of the orbital density wave is stimulated by a coupling of the orbital ordering to independent structural distortions, which improve poor bonding conditions of Mn2+ in the A-site perovskite position. Below T1 ∼ 100 K, an anharmonic longitudinal spin density wave arises and locks to the structural modulation associated with the orbital density. At T2 ∼ 50 K, the magnetic subsystem delocks from the structural modulation giving rise to a multi-k phase-modulated ground state admixing cycloidal and helical components. The complex anharmonic and phase-modulated magnetic structures are discussed based on a phenomenological magneto-orbital coupling scheme, previously developed to explain the multi-k helical ground states with modulated spin chirality observed in A2+Mn7O12 (A2+ = Ca, Sr, Pb, and Cd) quadruple perovskite