Постать Тараса Шевченка в рецепції Ліни Костенко

У статті розглядається поетика творення Ліною Костенко образу Кобзаря крізь призму власного "я", через пережиті відчуття поета-шістдесятника, що своєю проекцією нагадують душевні терзання великого поета.В статье рассмотрена поэтика создания Линой Костенко образа Тараса Шевченко сквозь призму собственного "я", через пережитые ощущения поэта-шестидесятника, своей проекцией напоминающие душевные терзания великого поэта.The article deals with the problem of the poetics creation by Lina Kostenko Taras Shevchenko’ image through a prism her own mind, through sensations of the poet-sixtier, by the projection reminding sincere torments the great poet is considered

Liquid biopsies come of age: towards implementation of circulating tumour DNA

Improvements in genomic and molecular methods are expanding the range of potential applications for circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), both in a research setting and as a ‘liquid biopsy’ for cancer management. Proof-of-principle studies have demonstrated the translational potential of ctDNA for prognostication, molecular profiling and monitoring. The field is now in an exciting transitional period in which ctDNA analysis is beginning to be applied clinically, although there is still much to learn about the biology of cell-free DNA. This is an opportune time to appraise potential approaches to ctDNA analysis, and to consider their applications in personalized oncology and in cancer research.We would like to acknowledge the support of The University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK (grant numbers A11906, A20240, A15601) (to N.R., J.D.B.), the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement n. 337905 (to N.R.), the Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, and Hutchison Whampoa Limited (to N.R.), AstraZeneca (to R.B., S.P.), the Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (ECMC) (to R.B., S.P.), and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) (to R.B., S.P.). J.G.C. acknowledges clinical fellowship support from SEOM

Effect of Al and Nb on the trigger stress for stress-induced martensitic transformation during tensile loading in Ti–Al–Nb alloys

The effect of composition on trigger stress for stress-induced martensitic transformation (SIMT) during tensile deformation in Ti–Al–Nb alloys was investigated. The trigger stress in these alloys was found to decrease with an increase in Nb as well as Al content in the range of Nb (8–12 at.%) and Al (15–18 at.%) studied. The effect was explained on the basis of effect of these elements on the critical free energy required for the SIMT.© Elsevie

A numerical investigation of ductile fracture initiation in a high-strength low-alloy steel

In this work, static and drop-weight impact experiments, which have been conducted using three-point bend fracture specimens of a high-strength low-alloy steel, are analysed by performing finite-element simulations. The Gurson constitutive model that accounts for the ductile failure mechanisms of microvoid nucleation, growth and is employed within the framework of a finite deformation plasticity theory. Two populations of second-phase particles are considered, including large inclusions which initiate voids at an early stage and small particles which require large strains to nucleate voids. The most important objective of the work is to assess quantitatively the effects of material inertia, strain rate sensitivity and local adiabatic temperature rise (due to conversion of plastic work into heat) on dynamic ductile crack initiation. This is accomplished by comparing the evolution histories of void volume fraction near the notch tip in the static analysis with the dynamic analyses. The results indicate that increased strain hardening caused by strain rate sensitivity, which becomes important under dynamic loading, plays a benign role in considerably slowing down the void growth rate near the notch tip. This is partially opposed by thermal softening caused by adiabatic heating near the notch tip

Effect of volume fraction of primary alpha(2) on the trigger stress for stress-induced martensitic transformation in two-phase Ti-Al-Nb alloys

Ti-Al-Nb alloys in the composition range studied in the present investigation were found to undergo stress-induced martensitic transformation (SIMT) in alpha(2) + beta heat-treated (two-phase) condition under tensile loading. The effect of different volume fractions of primary alpha(2) on trigger stress for SIM transformation in these alloys was investigated. The trigger stress required for SIM transformation decreased initially when the volume fraction of primary alpha(2) was increased from 0 to 5 pct. However, subsequently, the trigger stress was found to increase with further increase in volume fraction of primary alpha(2) from 5 to 40 pct in all three alloys. An increase in the volume fraction of primary alpha(2) is achieved by changing the solution treatment temperatures, which also results in a change in the beta composition and beta grain size. The observed variation of trigger stress with the volume fraction of primary alpha(2) from 5 to 40 pct was then explained on the basis of the effect of composition and grain size of the beta phase on trigger stress required for stress-induced transformation of beta to martensite

Influence of volume fraction of primary alpha(2) on the fracture toughness of Ti-Al-Nb alloy undergoing stress-induced martensitic transformation

The effect of volume fraction of primary alpha(2) on fracture toughness of Ti-18Al-8Nb alloy, which undergoes stress-induced martensitic transformation (SIMT), was investigated. The fracture toughness of the alloy was found to decrease with an increase in volume fraction of primary alpha(2). The results were explained on the basis of the effect of change in volume fraction of alpha(2) on fracture toughness contributions due to SIMT as well as that due to the subsequent fracture process involving ductile fracture of the beta/martensite/alpha(2) microstructure. (c) 200

Various stages in stress–strain curve of Ti–Al–Nb alloys undergoing SIMT

Ti–Al–Nb alloys in the present range of composition were found to exhibit a typical four-stage behaviour observed in alloys undergoing stress-induced martensitic transformation (SIMT) in β as well as α2–β heat-treated condition. Intermittent unloading–reloading during tensile test was used to measure the apparent modulus at regular strain intervals. This coupled with the observation of microstructure of the samples from tensile tests interrupted at each of the four stages was used to identify the operative mechanism of each stage.© Elsevie