Modified f(R) gravity from scalar-tensor theory and inhomogeneous EoS dark energy

The reconstruction of f(R)-gravity is showed by using an auxiliary scalar field in the context of cosmological evolution, this development provide a way of reconstruct the form of the function f (R) for a given evolution of the Hubble parameter. In analogy, f(R)-gravity may be expressed by a perfect fluid with an inhomogeneous equation of state that depends on the Hubble parameter and its derivatives. This mathematical equivalence that may confuse about the origin of the mechanism that produces the current acceleration, and possibly the whole evolution of the Hubble parameter, is shown here.Comment: 8 page

Microbiota and neurologic diseases : potential effects of probiotics

Background: The microbiota colonizing the gastrointestinal tract have been associated with both gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases. In recent years, considerable interest has been devoted to their role in the development of neurologic diseases, as many studies have described bidirectional communication between the central nervous system and the gut, the so-called "microbiota-gut-brain axis". Considering the ability of probiotics (i.e., live non-pathogenic microorganisms) to restore the normal microbial population and produce benefits for the host, their potential effects have been investigated in the context of neurologic diseases. The main aims of this review are to analyse the relationship between the gut microbiota and brain disorders and to evaluate the current evidence for the use of probiotics in the treatment and prevention of neurologic conditions. Discussion: Overall, trials involving animal models and adults have reported encouraging results, suggesting that the administration of probiotic strains may exert some prophylactic and therapeutic effects in a wide range of neurologic conditions. Studies involving children have mainly focused on autism spectrum disorder and have shown that probiotics seem to improve neuro behavioural symptoms. However, the available data are incomplete and far from conclusive. Conclusions: The potential usefulness of probiotics in preventing or treating neurologic diseases is becoming a topic of great interest. However, deeper studies are needed to understand which formulation, dosage and timing might represent the optimal regimen for each specific neurologic disease and what populations can benefit. Moreover, future trials should also consider the tolerability and safety of probiotics in patients with neurologic diseases

Construing the interaction between solar cell surface and fatty amine for the room temperature passivation

Surface of n-type emitter solar cell is subjected to Oleylamine coating using standard chemical methods. The solar cell shows an increment by 16.8% in the efficiency slowly degrading in time. Investigations are carried out to isolate the passivating effect as well as degrading reactions. The degradation manifests in the form of increased reflectivity of the surface. It is expected that appropriate choice of the coatings can lead to efficient passivation of solar cell with low heat budget over extended time periods suitable for commercial applications. Our study provides a basis for processing the Si-solar cells for room temperature passivation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Emitter passivation of silicon solar cell via organic coating at room temperature

We present a simple method for passivation of silicon solar cells at room temperature. Oleylamine has been used as passivation agent on the n-type emitter of silicon solar cell surface. The desired effect is seen in the form of apparent enhancement in efficiency of the solar cell after coating. The efficiency increases by an amount of 14 % as compared to the one without any passivation applied and antireflection coating. The efficiency was found to decrease marginally and stabilized later. Device performance was monitored for 100 h and the efficiency was found higher as compare to bare solar cell without passivation coating