Comparison of IVF/ICSI outcome in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome or tubal factor infertility

Background: One of the recognized treatment options for patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Fears are however sometimes raised concerning the likely outcome of treatment in such patients compared with their counterparts with tubal factor infertility.Objective: To compare the IVF/ICSI performance in women with PCOS and those with tubal factor infertility.Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis. Case notes of 30 patients, 35 years and below, with PCOS and who underwent 33 IVF/ICSI cycles and those of 42 age-controlled patients with tubal factor infertility and who had 43 cycles between December 2004 and April 2008 were retrieved. Data including duration of down-regulation, dose of human Menopausal Gonadotropin (hMG), number of cancelled treatments, endometrial thickness, number of oocytes retrieved and fertilization rate, in addition to the number of embryos transferred with resultant pregnancy outcome were compared between the two groups. The main outcome measures were response to gonadotropin stimulation, fertilization rate and clinical pregnancy rate.Results: There was no significant difference between the PCOS group and the tubal factor infertility group in the hMG dose (2.7 vs. 3.4 vials, respectively), endometrial thickness (10.5 vs. 10.1 mm, respectively) and embryos transferred (3.1 vs. 2.9, respectively). The fertilization rate was significantly higher in the tubal factor infertility group, which was 81.48% as against 63.24% for the PCOS group (P < 0.0001). While more cases of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) occurred in the PCOS group (P = 0.049), overall clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer was similar (45.45% vs. 42.85%; P = 1), with similar miscarriage rates.Conclusion: IVF/ICSI performance in patients with PCOS is probably similar to their counterparts with tubal factor infertility with, however, a reduced fertilization rate and higher incidence of OHSS.Key words: IVF, polycystic ovarian syndrome, pregnancy, tuba

Sonographic assessment of the normal limits of the spleen in healthy school children in South-East Nigeria

Background/Objective: Ultrasonogrphy is a good modality for the  detection of splenomegaly even when it is not clinically palpable. The objective of this study was to establish the normal values of splenic length in healthy school children in South.East, Nigeria and to correlate them with body indices.Materials and Methods: This is a cross.sectional prospective study of 1315 children (633 boys and 682 girls) between the ages of 5 and 17 years. The splenic length was measured between the most superiomedial and the most inferiolateral margins, at the level of the hilum. Only the spleens that had normal shape and echotexture were measured. The mean splenic length and the 5th and 95th percentiles were determined for each age. The length was correlated with the sex, age, weight (WT), height, body mass index (BMI) and body surface area (BSA) of the subjects. A regression model for prediction of spleen dimension from age and body habitus was computed.Results: There was a significant correlation between splenic length and age, P < 0.001. Males had statistically significant longer spleen length than females. The splenic length correlated best with BSA, followed by body WT and least with BMI.Conclusions: This study noted racial variation between the established Nigerian values and results from other countries of the world. For the first time, a baseline value for splenic size for the Nigerian Children of various ages has been established with a regression model for predicting the splenic sizes.Key words: Children, echotexture, Nigeria, sonography, spleen,  splenomegaly, ultrasonograph

The effect of endometrial thickness on In vitro Fertilization (IVF)-Embryo Transfer/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) Outcome

The value of measuring the endometrial thickness and studying the endometrial receptivity in the context of assisted conception remains a contentious issue. A prospective analysis was carried out todetermine the effect of endometrial thickness on IVF - embryo transfer / ICSI outcome in dedicated Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) units in Abuja and Rivers State, Nigeria. Two hundred and fifty one patients who met the inclusion criteria were analysed. They were grouped on the basis of endometrial thickness into 3 groups; 14 mm. The main outcome measure was clinical pregnancy. There were significantly more pregnancies in the 7 – 14 mm endometrial thickness group compared to the 14mm groups, p=0.004 and

The Effect of Endometrial Thickness on In vitro Fertilization (IVF)-Embryo Transfer/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) Outcome

The value of measuring the endometrial thickness and studying the endometrial receptivity in the context of assisted conception remains a contentious issue. A prospective analysis was carried out todetermine the effect of endometrial thickness on IVF - embryo transfer / ICSI outcome in dedicated Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) units in Abuja and Rivers State, Nigeria. Two hundred and fifty one patients who met the inclusion criteria were analysed. They were grouped on the basis of endometrial thickness into 3 groups; 14 mm. The main outcome measure was clinical pregnancy. There were significantly more pregnancies in the 7 – 14 mm endometrial thickness group compared to the 14mm groups, p=0.004 and

The effect of replacing full-fat soybeans with urea fermented sorghum brewers’ grain in broiler starter diets

A total of one hundred and fifty (150) 4-day-old unsexed broiler chickens averaging 55.68±3.41 grams were used to determine the effect of replacing (w/w) full-fat soybeans with urea fermented sorghum brewers’ grain (UFSBG). These were randomly allocated into 5 equal groups of 30 birds in each treatment replicated 3 times with each replicate having 10 birds. Five (5) diets designated I, II, III, IV and V were formulated such that the UFSBG was used to replace full-fat soybeans at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% respectively. The results showed that feed intake was not significantly (p>0.05) influenced when UFSBG replaced full-fat soybeans. Weight gain and efficiency of feed utilization significantly (p<0.05) depressed beyond 50% level of replacement. On the basis of the results obtained, it may be recommended that urea fermented sorghum brewers’ grain could replace 50% full-fat soybeans in the diets of broiler starter chickens without any adverse effect on performance characteristics.Key words: Full-fat soybeans, urea, brewers’ spent grain, broiler, starter diet

Microbiological isolates and sensitivity pattern of Urinary Tract Infection in pregnancy in Benin City, Nigeria

No Abstract. Ebonyi Medical Journal Vol. 5 (2) 2006: pp. 48-5