Review paper on nutritional information using mobile augmented reality technology

© Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016. The use of mobile technology became more widespread and popular. It is important to provide correct useful nutritional information to diabetic patient which can access by mobile technology easily. However, providing such information to patients using mobile application are limited or not easy enough to understand. One way is to use Augmented Reality (AR) technology environments which is very effective method in the expansion of information process visually, especially in health-related area by using mobile devices. Therefore, the integration of AR in mobile application that can provide health information is needed. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state of the art on mobile application in health

Temperature dependent hyperspectral terahertz imaging of human bone for disease diagnosis

Water is a fundamental component of many biological systems. The ability to detect water therefore provides great insight into system functionality, particularly in the development of disease. In this work, the high interaction of terahertz radiation with water, paired with the dependence of the dynamics of water molecules with varying temperature, is utilised to monitor changes in the composition of bone tissue. Heterotopic ossification (HO) bone samples and deionised free water are measured using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy for varying environmental temperatures, for prospective use in disease diagnosis

Broadband characterisation of interior materials and surface scattering using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

Indoor wireless communications need to move towards Terahertz (THz) frequencies in order to keep up with society's demand for data transmission, but this change is currently hindered by limited knowledge of material properties and propagation and scattering models at these frequencies. The dielectric properties of common household materials are investigated here with a twofold objective: (1) to extend the library of material properties at THz, and (2) to estimate and disentangle losses in scattering measurements in order to facilitate propagation, scattering and, ultimately, channel models

Experimental signature of a topological quantum dot

Topological insulators (TIs) present a neoteric class of materials, which support delocalised, conducting surface states despite an insulating bulk. Due to their intriguing electronic properties, their optical properties have received relatively less attention. Even less well studied is their behaviour in the nanoregime, with most studies thus far focusing on bulk samples - in part due to the technical challenges of synthesizing TI nanostructures. We study topological insulator nanoparticles (TINPs), for which quantum effects dominate the behaviour of the surface states and quantum confinement results in a discretized Dirac cone, whose energy levels can be tuned with the nanoparticle size. The presence of these discretized energy levels in turn leads to a new electron-mediated phonon-light coupling in the THz range. We present the experimental realisation of Bi$_2$Te$_3$ TINPs and strong evidence of this new quantum phenomenon, remarkably observed at room temperature. This system can be considered a topological quantum dot, with applications to room temperature THz quantum optics and quantum information technologies

Hybrid reflection retrieval method for terahertz dielectric imaging of human bone

Terahertz imaging is becoming a biological imaging modality in its own right, alongside the more mature infrared and X-ray techniques. Nevertheless, extraction of hyperspectral, biometric information of samples is limited by experimental challenges. Terahertz time domain spectroscopy reflection measurements demand highly precise alignment and suffer from limitations of the sample thickness. In this work, a novel hybrid Kramers-Kronig and Fabry-Pérot based algorithm has been developed to overcome these challenges. While its application is demonstrated through dielectric retrieval of glass-backed human bone slices for prospective characterisation of metastatic defects or osteoporosis, the generality of the algorithm offers itself to wider application towards biological materials

Inflation on the Brane with Vanishing Gravity

Many existing models of brane inflation suffer from a steep irreducible gravitational potential between the branes that causes inflation to end too early. Inspired by the fact that point masses in 2+1 D exert no gravitational force, we propose a novel unwarped and non-supersymmetric setup for inflation, consisting of 3-branes in two extra dimensions compactified on a sphere. The size of the sphere is stabilized by a combination of a bulk cosmological constant and a magnetic flux. Computing the 4D effective potential between probe branes in this background, we find a non-zero contribution only from exchange of level-1 KK modes of the graviton and radion. Identifying antipodal points on the 2-sphere projects out these modes, eliminating entirely the troublesome gravitational contribution to the inflationary potential.Comment: 19 pages, 11 figures, JHEP forma

Hsp90 orchestrates transcriptional regulation by Hsf1 and cell wall remodelling by MAPK signalling during thermal adaptation in a pathogenic yeast

Acknowledgments We thank Rebecca Shapiro for creating CaLC1819, CaLC1855 and CaLC1875, Gillian Milne for help with EM, Aaron Mitchell for generously providing the transposon insertion mutant library, Jesus Pla for generously providing the hog1 hst7 mutant, and Cathy Collins for technical assistance.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Prevalence and Determinants of Obesity among Primary School Children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Childhood obesity has increased dramatically and has become a public health concern worldwide. Childhood obesity is likely to persist through adulthood and may lead to early onset of NCDs. However, there is paucity of data on obesity among primary school children in Tanzania. This study assessed the prevalence and determinants of obesity among primary school children in Dar es Salaam. A cross sectional study was conducted among school age children in randomly selected schools in Dar es Salaam. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken using standard procedures. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters (kg/m2). Child obesity was defined as BMI at or above 95th percentile for age and sex. Socio-demographic characteristics of children were determined using a structured questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to determine association between independent variables with obesity among primary school children in Dar es Salaam. A total of 446 children were included in the analysis. The mean age of the participants was 11.1±2.0 years and 53.1% were girls. The mean BMI, SBP and DBP were 16.6±4.0 kg/m2, 103.9±10.3mmHg and 65.6±8.2mmHg respectively. The overall prevalence of child obesity was 5.2% and was higher among girls (6.3%) compared to boys (3.8%). Obese children had significantly higher mean values for age (p=0.042), systolic and diastolic blood pressures (all p<0.001). Most obese children were from households with fewer children (p=0.019) and residing in urban areas (p=0.002). Controlling for other variables, age above 10 years (AOR=3.3, 95% CI=1.5-7.2), female sex (AOR=2.6, 95% CI=1.4-4.9), urban residence (AOR=2.5, 95% CI=1.2-5.3) and having money to spend at school (AOR=2.6, 95% CI=1.4-4.8) were significantly associated with child obesity. The prevalence of childhood obesity in this population was found to be low. However, children from urban schools and girls were proportionately more obese compared to their counterparts. Primary preventive measures for childhood obesity should start early in childhood and address socioeconomic factors of parents contributing to childhood obesity