Comparison of solar radio and EUV synoptic limb charts during the present solar maximum

The present solar cycle is particular in many aspects: it had a delayed rising phase, it is the weakest of the last 100 years, and it presents two peaks separated by more than one year. To understand the impact of these characteristics on the solar chromosphere and coronal dynamics, images from a wide wavelength range are needed. In this work we use the 17~GHz radio continuum, formed in the upper chromosphere and the EUV lines 304 and 171~{\AA}, that come from the transition region (He II) and the corona (Fe IX, X), respectively. We analyze daily images at 304 and 171~{\AA} obtained by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA). The 17~GHz maps were obtained by the Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH). To construct synoptic limb charts, we calculated the mean emission of delimited limb areas with 100" wide and angular separation of $5^\circ$. At the equatorial region, the results show an hemispheric asymmetry of the solar activity. The northern hemisphere dominance is coincident with the first sunspot number peak, whereas the second peak occurs concurrently with the increase in the activity at the south. The polar emission reflects the presence of coronal holes at both EUV wavelengths, moreover, the 17~GHz polar brightenings can be associated with the coronal holes. Until 2013, both EUV coronal holes and radio polar brightenings were more predominant at the south pole. Since then they have not been apparent in the north, but thus appear in the beginning of 2015 in the south as observed in the synoptic charts. This work strengthens the association between coronal holes and the 17~GHz polar brightenings as it is evident in the synoptic limb charts, in agreement with previous case study papers. The enhancement of the radio brightness in coronal holes is explained by the presence of bright patches closely associated with the presence of intense unipolar magnetic fields.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. Acccepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysic

Bootstrapping a Portuguese WordNet from Galician, Spanish and English wordnets

Series: Lecture notes in computer science, ISSN 0302-9743, vol. 8854In this article we exploit the possibility on bootstrapping an European Portuguese WordNet from the English, Spanish and Galician wordnets using Probabilistic Translation Dictionaries automatically created from parallel corpora. The process generated a total of 56~770 synsets and 97~058 variants. An evaluation of the results using the Brazilian OpenWordNet-PT as a gold standard resulted on a precision varying from 53\% to 75\% percent, depending on the cut-line. The results were satisfying and comparable to similar experiments using the WN-Toolkit.PEst-OE/EEI/UI0752/2014, TIN2012-38584-C06-01, TIN2012-38584-C06-0

Efect of bovine milk addition to buffalo's milk on different characteristics of artisanal Marajó "cream cheese" type.

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Physicochemical properties of Butter cheese from Marajó manufactured with buffalo milk and cow milk.

This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics, texture and color parameters of the artisanal Butter cheese from Marajó, manufactured with partial substitution of buffalo milk for cow milk. Four formulations were elaborated: B100 (100% buffalo milk); B80 (80% buffalo milk + 20% cow milk); B70 (70% buffalo milk + 30% cow milk) and B60 (60% buffalo milk + 40% cow milk). Three replicates were performed. The partial substitution of 20%, 30% and 40% of buffalo milk caused the reduction of fat in 16.2%, 21.6% and 25.4%, and protein in 5.2%, 5.7%, and 6%, respectively, with decrease of elasticity, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness, but had no influence on the hardness. Moisture had significant and strongly negative correlation with elasticity, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness. Fat and protein had significant and strongly positive correlations with elasticity, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness. Significant differences were found for color variables L*, a*, b* and ho. The increase in cow milk concentration increased the yellowgreenish tonality, with an emphasis in yellow tones

Efeito da adição de leite bovino ao leite de búfala nas diferentes características do queijo artesanal do Marajó, tipo creme.

O objetivo do estudo foi comparar os efeitos da substituição parcial do leite bubalino por leite de vaca, nas características físico-químicas, de textura, cor e nos parâmetros sensoriais do queijo artesanal do Marajó tipo Creme, tradicionalmente elaborado com leite de búfala. Quatro queijos foram elaborados com as seguintes formulações: C100 (100% leite de búfala); C80 (80% leite de búfala + 20% leite de vaca); C70 (70% leite de búfala + 30% leite de vaca) e C60 (60% leite de búfala + 40% leite de vaca). Três repetições foram realizadas. Os resultados analíticos da composição (umidade, proteína, gordura, minerais e acidez); dos parâmetros de textura (dureza, elasticidade, coesividade, mastigabilidade) e dos atributos de cor (L*, a*, b*, C*, ho) foram significativamente diferentes entre as formulações. Por outro lado, a presença do leite de vaca não ocasionou alterações nos atributos sensoriais. Com base nos resultados desse estudo, concluiu-se que a adição de até 40% de leite bovino na elaboração do queijo tipo Creme não afeta a sua aceitação pelo consumidor, permitindo um abastecimento do mercado em períodos de entressafra, quando a produção do leite bubalino diminui