The actions of the Brazilian state in transportation and the urbanization process plan in cities in the lower amazon: the case of Santarém-Pa

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a desintegração do modelo de rede urbana dendrítico com base na acessibilidade/rio como a única rede de transporte existente até meados do século XX, concomitante com as políticas do governo brasileiro, a fi m de ocupara Amazônia, incluindo a abertura de estradas criando um modelo complexo de rede urbana, reestruturando o espaço, modifi cando completamente os padrões de acessibilidade regionais. Destacando-se a análise do crescimento urbano na região, nos planos territoriais feitos pelos diferentes níveis de governo para a Amazônia, que traz Santarém como uma cidade referência do processo de urbanização da Amazônia. A metodologia usada consistiu em pesquisa bibliográfi ca e recolha de dados em lócus, utilizando o método de análise de ciclo de vida fundamentado na teoria do plano-processo com aplicabilidade ao planejamento territorial, que trata da elaboração e implementação de planos entre as fases do processo de tomada de decisões e os atos de investir, sendo pautado por uma visão holística. Neste contexto, os resultados permitem afi rmar que urge a necessidade de maior participação dos governos, em diferentes escalas, na busca de melhorar a qualidade de vida da sociedade local, além de considerar novas tendências de desenvolvimento regional, através de novos cenários e pela interferência na dinâmica socioeconômica e ambiental proporcionado, principalmente pele cultura da soja nas proximidades do município de Santarém.The objective of this work is to analyze the disintegration of the dendritic urban network model based on accessibility/river as the only existing transport network until the middle of the 20th century, concomitant with the policies of the Brazilian government, in order to occupy the Amazon, including the opening of roads creating a complex model of urban network, restructuring the space, completely changing the regional accessibility standards. Highlighting the analysis of urban growth in the region, in the territorial plans made by the different levels of government for the Amazon, it brings Santarém as a reference city in the urbanization process of the Amazon. The methodology used consisted of bibliographic research and data collection in locus, using the method of life cycle analysis based on the theory of the process-plan with applicability to territorial planning, which deals with the elaboration and implementation of plans between the phases of the process of decision making and investing, being guided by a holistic view. In this context, the results allow us to affirm that there is an urgent need for greater participation by governments, at different scales, in the quest to improve the quality of life of local society, in addition to considering new trends in regional development, through new scenarios and by interference in socioeconomic and environmental dynamics provided, mainly by soybean culture in the vicinity of the municipality of Santarém

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

O caranguejo-uçá Ucides cordatus (Crustacea, Brachyura, Ucididae), no litoral paraense: uma abordagem sobre a atividade extrativa no Pará

This paper initially provides information about the extraction potential of productive mangroves in the municipalities of Quatipuru and Bragança, as well as the socioeconomic characterization of the extractive professionals (crabbers) of this resource. Parallel to the information generated in the mangroves and communities interviewed in Quatipuru and Bragança, this study also seeks to contextualize the extractive activity of the mangrove crab-uçá around the Pará coast, through information obtained by the collection and analysis of data in different mangrove municipalities of Pará’s coast, characterizing the productive activity of this important resource extraction communities. The information collection occurred in the period between 2010-2012, where the extractive potential was examined, in the mangroves of Bragança and Quatipuru confirming these locations as potentially producing regions, with a density of 5.01 ± 1.09 ind/m2 in the Quatipuru magrove and 6.5 ± 1.0 ind/m2 in the Bragança mangrove with an immediate extraction potential (IEP) of 80.91 % in Quatipuru and 86.23 % in Bragança. Concerning extractive activity in the major communities in the municipalities of Quatipuru and Bragança, the profile of crabbers was characterized by male dominated, low education, with at least 16 years of activity for most in Quatipuru and more than 20 years for most of the interviewed in the communities of Bragança. The primary capture technique used is the "braceamento" with the aid of hook in both locations, where they capture on average 51-100 units / day in Quatipuru and 101-150 in Braganca, where the middleman is the main destination of the product for the sites investigated. The data obtained from the Pará coastal reveal that out of all the mangroves studied, the municipality of Viseu was highlighted as an important forest region of Pará, with a density of 4.23 ± 1.40 ind/m2, CPUE 46.6 (crabs / man / hour) and 226.8 ± 113.1 units captured by crabber/day, however , it is important to notice that this municipality had the lowest average price per crab (R$0.18 ± 0,05) among all communities of the municipalities visited. The importance of this resource for the communities in the coastal Pará is clear and requires regulatory actions that support exploration with sustainability, as well as encouraging these professionals of artisanal fisheries through actions of to recover their citizenship.Inicialmente o presente estudo traz informações a respeito do potencial extrativo em manguezais produtivos dos municípios de Quatipuru e Bragança, bem como, a caracterização socioeconômica dos profissionais extrativistas (caranguejeiros) desse recurso. Paralelo às informações geradas nos manguezais e nas comunidades entrevistadas em Quatipuru e Bragança, este estudo também procura contextualizar a atividade extrativa do caranguejo-uçá em todo o litoral paraense, por meio das informações obtidas pela coleta e análise dos dados referentes ao caranguejo-uçá em diferentes manguezais do Pará, além de caracterizar a atividade produtiva em importantes comunidades extrativistas deste recurso. As coletas de informações ocorreram no período de 2010 a 2012, onde o potencial extrativo analisado, nos manguezais explorados de Bragança e Quatipuru confirmam essas localidades como regiões potencialmente produtoras, com uma densidade de 5,01±1,09 ind/m2 no manguezal de Quatipuru e 6,5±1,0 ind/m2 no manguezal explorado em Bragança e um potencial extrativo imediato (PEI) de 80,91$0,18±0,05) entre todas as comunidades dos municípios visitados. A importância deste recurso para as comunidades do litoral paraense é evidente e necessita de ações que visem ordenar a exploração, com vista à sustentabilidade extrativa, bem como, incentivar esses profissionais da pesca artesanal, por meio de ações de resgate e valorização da cidadania