Digital Transformation in the Construction Sector: From BIM to Digital Twin

In the next years, perhaps more than ever before, a technological revolution will transform the construction sector in all its aspects, greatly affecting services, production, and supplies. With BIM, and even more considering the Digital Twin topic, the innovation of tools has entailed a methodological innovation for the whole sector, owing to virtual reality simulations and actual dynamic real-time monitoring. This research, starting from an integrated analysis between the current research trends and some relevant national and European projects about the digitalization of construction sector, aims at providing a systematic analysis of some of the pillars that are guiding this phenomenon. In detail, the state of the art, activities, and trends of standardization and platform development in construction sector are considered and intersected to provide a clear background towards the future trends in the sector

Extended Optical Model Analyses of Elastic Scattering, Direct Reaction, and Fusion Cross Sections for the 9Be + 208Pb System at Near-Coulomb-Barrier Energies

Based on the extended optical model approach in which the polarization potential is decomposed into direct reaction (DR) and fusion parts, simultaneous $\chi^{2}$ analyses are performed for elastic scattering, DR, and fusion cross section data for the $^{9}$Be+$^{208}$Pb system at near-Coulomb-barrier energies. Similar $\chi^{2}$ analyses are also performed by only taking into account the elastic scattering and fusion data as was previously done by the present authors, and the results are compared with those of the full analysis including the DR cross section data as well. We find that the analyses using only elastic scattering and fusion data can produce very consistent and reliable predictions of cross sections particularly when the DR cross section data are not complete. Discussions are also given on the results obtained from similar analyses made earlier for the $^{9}$Be+$^{209}$Bi system.Comment: 5 figure

State of the Climate in 2016: Global Ocean Phytoplankton

Marine phytoplankton contribute roughly half the net primary production (NPP) on Earth, fixing atmospheric CO2 into food that fuels global ocean ecosystems and drives biogeochemical cycles. Satellite ocean color sensors, such as SeaWiFS, MODIS, and VIIRS, provide observations of sufficient frequency and geographic coverage to globally monitor changes in the near-surface concentrations of the phytoplankton pigment chlorophyll-a (Chla; mg -cu m) that serve as a proxy for phytoplankton abundance. Here, global Chla distributions for 2016 are evaluated within the context of the 19-year continuous record provided through the combined observations of SeaWiFS (19972010), MODIS on Aqua (MODISA, 2002present), and VIIRS on Suomi-NPP (2011present). All Chla data used in this analysis correspond to version R2014.0, which utilized common algorithms and calibration methods to maximize consistency in the multi-mission satellite record

Some Finite Size Effects in Simulations of Glass Dynamics

We present the results of a molecular dynamics computer simulation in which we investigate the dynamics of silica. By considering different system sizes, we show that in simulations of the dynamics of this strong glass former surprisingly large finite size effects are present. In particular we demonstrate that the relaxation times of the incoherent intermediate scattering function and the time dependence of the mean squared displacement are affected by such finite size effects. By compressing the system to high densities, we transform it to a fragile glass former and find that for that system these types of finite size effects are much weaker.Comment: 12 pages of RevTex, 4 postscript figures available from W. Ko

Simultaneous Optical Model Analyses of Elastic Scattering, Breakup, and Fusion Cross Section Data for the 6^{6}He + 209^{209}Bi System at Near-Coulomb-Barrier Energies

Based on an approach recently proposed by us, simultaneous $\chi^{2}$-analyses are performed for elastic scattering, direct reaction (DR) and fusion cross sections data for the $^{6}$He+$^{209}$Bi system at near-Coulomb-barrier energies to determine the parameters of the polarization potential consisting of DR and fusion parts. We show that the data are well reproduced by the resultant potential, which also satisfies the proper dispersion relation. A discussion is given of the nature of the threshold anomaly seen in the potential

Role of break-up processes in fusion enhancement of drip-line nuclei at energies below the Coulomb barrier

We carry out realistic coupled-channels calculations for $^{11}$Be + $^{208}$Pb reaction in order to discuss the effects of break-up of the projectile nucleus on sub-barrier fusion. We discretize in energy the particle continuum states, which are associated with the break-up process, and construct the coupling form factors to these states on a microscopic basis. The incoming boundary condition is employed in solving coupled-channels equations, which enables us to define the flux for complete fusion inside the Coulomb barrier. It is shown that complete fusion cross sections are significantly enhanced due to the couplings to the continuum states compared with the no coupling case at energies below the Coulomb barrier, while they are hindered at above barrier energies.Comment: RevTex, 3 pages, 5 figure