747 research outputs found
One-neutron knockout from Ni
The single-particle structure of Ni and level structure of Ni
were investigated with the \mbox{Be (Ni,Ni+)} reaction at 73 MeV/nucleon. An inclusive cross
section of 41.4(12) mb was obtained for the reaction, compared to a theoretical
prediction of 85.4 mb, hence only 48(2)% of the theoretical cross section is
exhausted. This reduction in the observed spectroscopic strength is consistent
with that found for lighter well-bound nuclei. One-neutron removal
spectroscopic factors of 0.58(11) to the ground state and 3.7(2) to all excited
states of Ni were deduced.Comment: Phys. Rev. C, accepte
The Dynamic Assessment and Referral System for Substance Abuse (DARSSA): development, functionality, and end-user satisfaction
The Dynamic Assessment and Referral System for Substance Abuse (DARSSA) conducts a computerized substance abuse assessment; prints personalized summary reports that include tailored substance abuse treatment referral lists; and, for individuals who provide authorization, automatically faxes their contact information to a best match substance abuse treatment provider (dynamic referral). After piloting the program and resolving problems that were noted, we enrolled a sample of 85 medical patients. The DARSSA identified 48 (56%) participants who were risky substance users, many of whom had not been identified during their routine medical assessment. Mean satisfaction scores for all domains ranged between Good to Excellent across patients, nurses, doctors, and substance abuse treatment providers. The median completion time was 13min. Of the 48 risky substance using participants, 20 (42%) chose to receive a dynamic referral. The DARSSA provides a user-friendly, desirable service for patients and providers. It has the potential to improve identification of substance abuse in medical settings and to provide referrals that would not routinely be provided. Future studies are planned to establish its efficacy at promoting treatment initiation and abstinence
Horn Fly Control and Growth Implants are Effective Strategies for Heifers Grazing Flint Hills Pasture
Horn flies (Haematobia irritans (L.)) are considered the most important external parasite that negatively affects pasture-based beef systems with losses estimated to exceed $1 billion annually to the U.S. beef industry. Control strategies have relied heavily on insecticide applications to control horn flies and are implemented when the economic threshold of 200 flies/animal have been exceeded. When horn fly populations are maintained below 200 flies/animal by treating them with insecticides then the level of stress annoyance behaviors such as leg stomping, head throwing, and skin twitching decreases while grazing increases. While most stocker operators utilize some type of fly control these are rarely used as a single pharmaceutical technology to aid in performance of the animals. Additional pharmaceutical technologies are utilized in combination of others, with the use of de-wormers and implants showing the largest impact with performance of stockers. The objective of this study was to compare a commercial injectable insecticide, LongRange, to an insecticidal ear tag for horn fly control and determine the impact of weight performance on stockers when fly control technologies were used in combination with implants versus no implants
Production cross sections from 82Se fragmentation as indications of shell effects in neutron-rich isotopes close to the drip-line
Production cross sections for neutron-rich nuclei from the fragmentation of a
82Se beam at 139 MeV/u were measured. The longitudinal momentum distributions
of 126 neutron-rich isotopes of elements 11 <= Z <= 32 were scanned using an
experimental approach of varying the target thickness. Production cross
sections with beryllium and tungsten targets were determined for a large number
of nuclei including several isotopes first observed in this work. These are the
most neutron-rich nuclides of the elements 22 <= Z <= 25 (64Ti, 67V, 69Cr,
72Mn). One event was registered consistent with 70Cr, and another one with
75Fe. The production cross sections are correlated with Qg systematics to
reveal trends in the data. The results presented here confirm our previous
result from a similar measurement using a 76Ge beam, and can be explained with
a shell model that predicts a subshell closure at N = 34 around Z = 20. This is
demonstrated by systematic trends and calculations with the Abrasion-Ablation
model that are sensitive to separation energies.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted to Phys.Rev.
Multiband theory of multi-exciton complexes in self-assembled quantum dots
We report on a multiband microscopic theory of many-exciton complexes in
self-assembled quantum dots. The single particle states are obtained by three
methods: single-band effective-mass approximation, the multiband
method, and the tight-binding method. The electronic structure calculations are
coupled with strain calculations via Bir-Pikus Hamiltonian. The many-body wave
functions of electrons and valence holes are expanded in the basis of
Slater determinants. The Coulomb matrix elements are evaluated using statically
screened interaction for the three different sets of single particle states and
the correlated -exciton states are obtained by the configuration interaction
method. The theory is applied to the excitonic recombination spectrum in
InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots. The results of the single-band
effective-mass approximation are successfully compared with those obtained by
using the of and tight-binding methods.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
Isotopic distribution of fission fragments in collisions between 238U beam and 9Be and 12C targets at 24 MeV/u
Inverse kinematics coupled to a high-resolution spectrometer is used to
investigate the isotopic yields of fission fragments produced in reactions
between a 238U beam at 24 MeV/u and 9Be and 12C targets. Mass, atomic number
and isotopic distributions are reported for the two reactions. These
informations give access to the neutron excess and the isotopic distribution
widths, which together with the atomic-number and mass distributions are used
to investigate the fusion-fission dynamics.Comment: Submitted to PR
Production cross sections of neutron rich isotopes from a 82Se beam
Production cross sections for neutron-rich nuclei from the fragmentation of a
82Se beam at 139 MeV/u were measured. The longitudinal momentum distributions
of 122 neutron-rich isotopes of elements were determined by
varying the target thickness. Production cross sections with beryllium and
tungsten targets were determined for a large number of nuclei including several
isotopes first observed in this work. These are the most neutron-rich nuclides
of the elements (64Ti, 67V, 69Cr, 72Mn). One event was
registered consistent with 70Cr, and another one with 75Fe. A one-body Qg
systematics is used to describe the production cross sections based on thermal
evaporation from excited prefragments. The current results confirm those of our
previous experiment with a 76Ge beam: enhanced production cross sections for
neutron-rich fragments near Z=20.Comment: Talk given at the 11th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus
Collisions (NN2012), San Antonio, Texas, USA, May 27-June 1, 2012. To appear
in the NN2012 Proceedings in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS
Smad-Runx interactions during chondrocyte maturation
BACKGROUND: Intracellular signaling triggered by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) results in activated Smad complexes that regulate transcription of BMP-responsive genes. However, the low specificity of Smad binding to regulatory sequences implies that additional tissue-specific transcription factors are also needed. Runx2 (Cbfal) is a transcription factor required for bone formation. We have examined the role of Smads and Runx2 in BMP induction of type X collagen, which is a marker of chondrocyte hypertrophy leading to endochondral bone formation.
METHODS: Pre-hypertrophic chondrocytes from the cephalic portion of the chick embryo sternum were placed in culture in the presence or absence of rhBMP-2. Cultures were transiently transfected with DNA containing the BMP-responsive type X collagen promoter upstream of the luciferase gene. The cultures were also transfected with plasmids, causing over-expression of Smads or Runx2, or both. After 24-48 hours, cell extracts were examined for levels of luciferase expression.
RESULTS: In the presence of BMP-2, chondrocytes over-expressing BMP-activated Smadl or Smad5 showed significant enhancement of luciferase production compared with that seen with BMP alone. This enhancement was not observed with over-expression of Smad2, a transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)-activated Smad. Overexpression of Runx2 in BMP-treated cultures increased transcriptional activity to levels similar to those seen with Smads 1 or 5. When chondrocytes were simultaneously transfected with both Runx2 and Smad 1 or 5, promoter activity was further increased, indicating that BMP-stimulated Smad activity can be augmented by increasing the levels of Runx2.
CONCLUSIONS: These results implicate the skeletal tissue transcription factor Runx2 in regulation of chondrocyte hypertrophy and suggest that maximal transcription of the type X collagen gene in pre-hypertrophic chondrocytes involves interaction of BMP-stimulated Smads with Runx2. Clinical Relevance: Many skeletal abnormalities are associated with impaired regulation of chondrocyte hypertrophy in growth plates. These studies demonstrate that both BMP-activated Smads and Runx2 levels can modulate chondrocyte transition to hypertrophy
Measurement of the Gamow-Teller Strength Distribution in 58Co via the 58Ni(t,3He) reaction at 115 MeV/nucleon
Electron capture and beta decay play important roles in the evolution of
pre-supernovae stars and their eventual core collapse. These rates are normally
predicted through shell-model calculations. Experimentally determined strength
distributions from charge-exchange reactions are needed to test modern
shell-model calculations. We report on the measurement of the Gamow-Teller
strength distribution in 58Co from the 58Ni(t,3He) reaction with a secondary
triton beam of an intensity of ~10^6 pps at 115 MeV/nucleon and a resolution of
\~250 keV. Previous measurements with the 58Ni(n,p) and the 58Ni(d,2He)
reactions were inconsistent with each other. Our results support the latter. We
also compare the results to predictions of large-scale shell model calculations
using the KB3G and GXPF1 interactions and investigate the impact of differences
between the various experiments and theories in terms of the weak rates in the
stellar environment. Finally, the systematic uncertainties in the normalization
of the strength distribution extracted from 58Ni(3He,t) are described and turn
out to be non-negligible due to large interferences between the dL=0, dS=1
Gamow-Teller amplitude and the dL=2, dS=1 amplitude.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figure
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