Effectiveness of PRECEDE model for health education on changes and level of control of HbA1c, blood pressure, lipids, and body mass index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Individual health education is considered to be essential in the overall care of patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2), although there is some uncertainty regarding its metabolic control benefits. There have been very few randomized studies on the effects of individual education on normal care in DM2 patients with a control group, and none of these have assessed the long-term results. Therefore, this study aims to use this design to assess the effectiveness of the PRECEDE (Predisposing, Reinforcing, Enabling, Causes in Educational Diagnosis, and Evaluation) education model in the metabolic control and the reduction of cardiovascular risk factors, in patients with type 2 diabetes.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>An open community effectiveness study was carried out in 8 urban community health centers in the North-East Madrid Urban Area (Spain). Six hundred patients with DM2 were randomized in two groups: PRECEDE or conventional model for health promotion education. The main outcome measures were glycated hemoglobin A1c, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, lipids and control criteria during the 2-year follow-up period.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Glycated hemoglobin A1c and systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels decreased significantly in the PRECEDE group (multivariate analysis of covariance, with baseline glycated hemoglobin A1c, SBP, and variables showing statistically significant differences between groups at baseline visits). The decrease levels in diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglycerides and LDL cholesterol were nonsignificant. PRECEDE increased compliance in all control criteria, except for LDL cholesterol. BMI did not change during the study in either of the two models analyzed.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>PRECEDE health education model is a useful method in the overall treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes, which contributes to decrease glycated hemoglobin A1c and SBP levels and increase the compliance in all the control criteria, except for LDL cholesterol.</p> <p>Trial registration number</p> <p>ClinicalTrials.gov <a href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01316367">NCT01316367</a></p

Consulta de enfermagem ambulatorial e diagnósticos de enfermagem relacionados a características demográficas e clínicas

Trata-se de um estudo que verificou a relação entre as características demográficas e clínicas com os diagnósticos de enfermagem definidos durante a consulta com enfermeira em ambulatório de um hospital geral. É um estudo transversal que avaliou 237 consultas de enfermagem de pacientes atendidos no Programa de Saúde da Mulher (46 em enfermagem obstétrica e 24 em enfermagem em mastologia) e 167 no Programa de Educação em Diabetes Melito. Foram identificados 49 diagnósticos de enfermagem. Os mais frequentes no programa de saúde da mulher foram: Conhecimento deficiente, Conforto prejudicado, Integridade tissular prejudicada e Ansiedade; no programa de educação em diabetes: Controle ineficaz do regime terapêutico e Nutrição desequilibrada: mais do que as necessidades corporais. Foi encontrada associação significativa entre os diagnósticos mais frequentes com determinadas características demográficas e clínicas. Os resultados confirmaram que a identificação dos diagnósticos de enfermagem durante a consulta pode propiciar acurácia nos focos de cuidado ambulatorial