Observation of electroweak production of Wγ with two jets in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

A first observation is presented for the electroweak production of a W boson, a photon, and two jets in proton-proton collisions. The W boson decays are selected by requiring one identified electron or muon and an imbalance in transverse momentum. The two jets are required to have a high dijet mass and a large separation in pseudorapidity. The measurement is based on data collected with the CMS detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The observed (expected) significance for this process is 4.9 (4.6) standard deviations. After combining with previously reported CMS results at 8 TeV, the observed (expected) significance is 5.3 (4.8) standard deviations. The cross section for the electroweak W$_{γjj}$ production in a restricted fiducial region is measured as 20.4 +/- 4.5 fb and the total cross section for W$_{γ}$ production in association with 2 jets in the same fiducial region is 108 +/- 16 fb. All results are in good agreement with recent theoretical predictions. Constraints are placed on anomalous quartic gauge couplings in terms of dimension-8 effective field theory operators

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Not AvailableThe macro-benthic crustacean diversity in the estuarine zones of Sundarban, West Bengal, India was studied for a period of six months (November, 2014 to April, 2015) in 21 sampling stations covering eastern, central and western zones of Sundarban. A total 20 species of crustaceans belonging to 3 orders, 9 families and 13 genera were recorded. The family Sesarmidae was dominated in number of taxa. The species recorded were Uca acuta, Uca rosea, Uca lactea, Uca triangularis, Uca dussumieri, Thalassina anomala, Dotilla intermedia, Dotilla blanfordi, Dotillopsis brevitarsis, Sesarma chiromantes, Sesarmops impressum, Perisesarma bidens, Episesarma mederi, Sesarmoides longipes, Parasesarma plicatum, Metaplax intermedia, Clibanarius padavensis, Scylla serrata, Balanus sp. and Squilla sp. Out of 20 species Balanus sp. was most abundant species followed by Uca acuta, Thalassina anomala and Uca rosea and the least abundant species were Dotilla intermedia, Sesarma chiromantes and Squilla sp. Species like Uca acuta, Dotilla intermedia, Sesarma chiromantes, Sesarmops impressum and Squilla sp. were found only in eastern zone. Major habitat of the species recorded was muddy substratum of littoral zone (42%). Other habitats include sandy substratum of littoral zone (5%), both muddy and sandy substrata of littoral zone (32%), hard substratum and populated by mangrove palm (5%), dead trees and stumps (5%) and mud flat (11%).WBUAFS, Kolkat

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Not AvailableIn the present study, an attempt was made to document the spatial distribution and rapid diversity inventory of macro-benthic fauna from 21 sampling stations of the Indian Sundarban for a period of six months from November 2014 to April 2015. A total of 1,871 individuals belonging to 35 species were recorded which comprised 12 species of molluscs, 20 species of crustaceans, one species each of xiphosurid, sea anemone and fish. The frequency analysis of species revealed that the most dominant species were Telescopium telescopium and Tubuca rosea among molluscs and crustaceans, respectively. The density analysis of the species showed that Pirenella cingulata and T. rosea had maximum values among molluscs and crustaceans, respectively. The average values of Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson diversity index, dominance index and Margalef diversity index were found to be 2.712, 0.888, 0.111 and 4.513, respectively.WBUAF

Analysis of synonymous codon usage and evolution of begomoviruses*

Begomoviruses are single-stranded DNA viruses and cause severe diseases in major crop plants worldwide. Based on current genome sequence analyses, we found that synonymous codon usage variations in the protein-coding genes of begomoviruses are mainly influenced by mutation bias. Base composition analysis suggested that the codon usage bias of AV1 and BV1 genes is significant and their expressions are high. Fourteen codons were determined as translational optimal ones according to the comparison of codon usage patterns between highly and lowly expressed genes. Interestingly the codon usages between begomoviruses from the Old and the New Worlds are apparently different, which supports the idea that the bipartite begomoviruses of the New World might originate from bipartite ones of the Old World, whereas the latter evolve from the Old World monopartite begomoviruses