Etude de l'association entre l'activité physique et la sédentarité des enfants à 2 ans et leur adiposité à 5 ans dans la cohorte EDEN

LE KREMLIN-B.- PARIS 11-BU Méd (940432101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Clusters of diet, physical activity, television exposure and sleep habits and their association with adiposity in preschool children: the EDEN mother-child cohort

International audienceBackground: Despite the growing interest in the relation between adiposity in children and different lifestyle clusters, few studies used a longitudinal design to examine a large range of behaviors in various contexts, in particular eating-and sleep-related routines, and few studies have examined these factors in young children. The objectives of this study were to identify clusters of boys and girls based on diet, sleep and activity-related behaviors and their family environment at 2 and 5 years of age, and to assess whether the clusters identified varied across maternal education levels and were associated with body fat at age 5. Methods: At 2 and 5 years, respectively, 1436 and 1195 parents from the EDEN mother-child cohort completed a questionnaire including behavioral data. A latent class analysis aimed to uncover gender-specific behavioral clusters. Body fat percentage was estimated by anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance measurements. Association between cluster membership and body fat was assessed with mutivariable linear regression models. Results: At 2 years, two clusters emerged that were essentially characterized by opposite eating habits. At 5 years, TV exposure was the most distinguishing feature, but the numbers and types of clusters differed by gender. An association between cluster membership and body fat was found only in girls at 5 years of age, with girls in the cluster defined by very high TV exposure and unfavorable mealtime habits (despite high outdoor playing and walking time) having the highest body fat. Girls whose mother had low educational attainment were more likely to be in this high-risk cluster. Girls who were on a cluster evolution path corresponding to the highest TV viewing time and the least favorable mealtime habits from 2 to 5 years of age had higher body fat at 5 years. Conclusions: Efforts to decrease TV time and improve mealtime routines may hold promise for preventing overweight in young children, especially girls growing up in disadvantaged families. These preventive efforts should start as early in life as possible, ideally before the age of two, and should be sustained over the preschool years

Prospective associations between dietary patterns, screen and outdoor play times at 2 years and age at adiposity rebound: The EDEN mother-child cohort

International audienceAlthough an early adiposity rebound (AR) is an established risk factor for later obesity, little is known regarding its determinants, especially modifiable ones. Using data from the French EDEN mother-child cohort (1903 children born in 2003-2006), we aimed to examine the association between diet and activity-related behaviors at 2 years of age and the timing of the AR. Two-year-old children (n = 1138) with parent-reported data on their foods/drinks intake, TV/DVD watching time, outdoor playtime, and with an estimated (via growth modelling) age at AR were included in the present study. Two dietary patterns, labelled 'Nutrient-dense foods' and 'Processed and fast foods', were identified in a previous study. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the association between dietary patterns and activity-related behaviors and, respectively, the age at AR (continuous) and the likelihood of having a very early AR (before 3.6 years for girls and 3.8 years for boys, i.e., below the 10th percentile of sex-specific distribution). A higher score on the 'Processed and fast foods' dietary pattern was associated with a higher likelihood of having a very early AR (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.50). No significant association was observed between the 'Nutrient-dense foods' dietary pattern, TV/DVD watching and outdoor playing times and the timing of the AR. This finding emphasizes the importance of reducing nutrient-dense and processed foods from the early years of life, and provides further support for early interventions aimed at helping parents establish healthy eating habits for their growing child from the complementary period

Prospective associations between energy balance-related behaviors at 2 years of age and subsequent adiposity: the EDEN mother–child cohort

Background/Objectives Sedentary behavior, physical activity and dietary behavior are formed early during childhood and tend to remain relatively stable into later life. No longitudinal studies have assessed the independent influence of these three energy balance-related behaviors during toddlerhood on later adiposity. We aimed to analyze the associations between screen time, outdoor play time, and dietary patterns at age 2 years and child adiposity at age 5, in boys and girls separately.Subjects/Methods This study included 883 children from the French EDEN mother-child cohort. Screen time, outdoor play time and dietary intakes were reported by parents in questionnaires when the child was aged 2. Two dietary patterns, labelled “Guidelines” and “Processed, fast-foods”, were identified in a previous study. Percentage of body fat (%BF) based on bioelectrical impedance analysis and body mass index were measured at age 5. Results In boys, screen time at age 2 was positively associated with %BF at age 5 (β= 0.51 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.02, 1.01) for those boys with ≥60 min/day of screen time vs. those with ≤15 min/day, P for trend 0.045). In girls, outdoor play was inversely associated with %BF (β= -0.93 (95%CI: -1.58, -0.28) for those in the highest tertile of outdoor play time vs. those in the lowest tertile, P= 0.002). Overall, at age 2, dietary patterns were associated with both screen time and outdoor play time, but no significant and independent association was observed between dietary patterns and later adiposity. Conclusion This study shows longitudinal and gender differentiated relations between both screen time and outdoor play time in toddlerhood and later adiposity, while evidence for a relation between dietary patterns and subsequent fat development was less conclusive. Early childhood - by age 2 - should be targeted as a critical time for promoting healthy energy balance-related behaviors

Family-focused contextual factors associated with lifestyle patterns in young children from two mother-offspring cohorts: GUSTO and EDEN

Abstract Background Integrated patterns of energy balance-related behaviours of preschool children in Asia are sparse, with few comparative analyses. Purpose Using cohorts in Singapore (GUSTO) and France (EDEN), we characterized lifestyle patterns of children and investigated their associations with family-focused contextual factors. Methods Ten behavioural variables related to child&rsquo;s diet, walking, outdoor play and screen time were ascertained by parental questionnaires at age 5&ndash;6 years. Using principal component analysis, sex-specific lifestyle patterns were derived independently for 630 GUSTO and 989 EDEN children. Contextual variables were organised into distal (family socio-economics, demographics), intermediate (parental health, lifestyle habits) and proximal (parent-child interaction factors) levels of influence and analysed with hierarchical linear regression. Results Three broadly similar lifestyle patterns were identified in both cohorts: &ldquo;discretionary consumption and high screen time&rdquo;, &ldquo;fruit, vegetables, and low screen time&rdquo; and &ldquo;high outdoor playtime and walking&rdquo;. The latter two patterns showed small differences between cohorts and sexes. The &ldquo;discretionary consumption and high screen time&rdquo; pattern was consistently similar in both cohorts; distal associated factors were lower maternal education (EDEN boys), no younger siblings (GUSTO boys) and Malay/Indian ethnicity (GUSTO), while intermediate and proximal associated factors in both cohorts and sexes were poor maternal diets during pregnancy, parents allowing high child control over food intake, snacking between meals and having television on while eating. Conclusions Three similar lifestyle patterns were observed among preschool children in Singapore and France. There were more common associated proximal factors than distal ones. Cohort specific family-focused contextual factors likely reflect differences in social and cultural settings. Findings will aid development of strategies to improve child health.</span