Design for product-embedded disassembly pathways

This paper presents a computational method for designing an assembly with multiple built-in disassembly pathways, each of which can be activated to retrieve certain components. It is motivated by the global sales of consumer products whose optimal end-of-life options vary geographically due to local recycling/reuse infrastructures and regulatory requirements. Given the sets of components to be retrieved at each location, the method simultaneously determines the spatial configurations of components and locator features, such that each set of desired components is retrieved via a domino-like self-disassembly" process triggered by the removal of a fastener. A multi-objective generic algorithm is utilized to search for Pareto-optimal designs in terms of the realization of the desired disassembly pathways, the satisfaction of distance specifications among components, the minimization of disassembly cost at each location, and the efficient use of on-component locator features. A case study demonstrates the feasibility of the method.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87258/4/Saitou77.pd

平成29年度「卒業研究」実践報告

今年度の卒業研究はテーマ設定に関する時間を確保するために、2年次の「T-GAP」の内容に卒業研究の内容を含めて実施した。評価に関しては国際バカロレアの「課題論文」(EE)を参考にしつつ、生徒の実態に沿う形で評価規準を作り直して使用した。テーマ設定に時間をかけたころとなどにより、多くの先行研究を参考にし、主体的に課題を設定して卒業研究に取り組む姿が確認された

平成29年度 国際教育推進委員会活動報告

本校では、10年前に国際教育推進委員会を発足してから、各方面で声高に叫ばれている「グローバル人材の育成」を目指し、筑波大学附属坂戸高等学校では総合学科の特長を生かしながらさまざまな国際教育・ESDの取り組みを行ってきた。平成26年度には、スーパーグローバルハイスクール(SGH)に指定され、平成29年2月には国際バカロレア日本語DP認定校となり、平成30年度からその1期生が入学する。今後、本校の国際教育活動がどのように動いていくか、すべてが見通せるまではしばらくの時間を要すると思われる。本稿ｆｒは、本年度はじめてジャカルタで実施した、第1回インドネシア日本高校生SDGsミーティングおよび、10回目を迎えた海外卒業研究支援制度について報告した

Design for Optimal End-of-Life Scenario Via Product-Embedded Disassembly

This paper presents a computational method for designing products with a built-in disassembly means that can be triggered by the removal of one or a few fasteners at the end of the product lives. Given component geometries, the method simultaneously determines the spatial configuration of components, locators and fasteners, and the end-of-life (EOL) treatments of components and subassemblies, such that the product can be disassembled for the maxim profit and minimum environmental impact through recycling and reuse via domino-like self-disassembly" process. As an extension of our previous work, the present method incorporates EOL treatments of disassembled components and subassemblies as additional decision variables, and the Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) focusing on EOL treatments as a means to evaluate environmental impacts. A multi-objective genetic algorithm is utilized to search for Pareto optimal designs in terms of 1) satisfaction of the distance specification among components, 2) efficient use of locators on components, 3) profit of EOL scenario, and 4) environmental impact of EOL scenario. The method is applied to a simplified model of Power Mac G4 cube¨ for demonstration.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87211/4/Saitou69.pd

DETC2006-99475 DESIGN FOR OPTIMAL END-OF-LIFE SCENARIO VIA PRODUCT-EMBEDDED DISASSEMBLY

ABSTRACT This paper presents a computational method for designing products with a built-in disassembly means that can be triggered by the removal of one or a few fasteners at the end of the product lives. Given component geometries, the method simultaneously determines the spatial configuration of components, locators and fasteners, and the end-of-life (EOL) treatments of components and subassemblies, such that the product can be disassembled for the maxim profit and minimum environmental impact through recycling and reuse via domino-like "self-disassembly" process. As an extension of our previous work, the present method incorporates EOL treatments of disassembled components and subassemblies as additional decision variables, and the Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) focusing on EOL treatments as a means to evaluate environmental impacts. A multi-objective genetic algorithm is utilized to search for Pareto optimal designs in terms of 1) satisfaction of the distance specification among components, 2) efficient use of locators on components, 3) profit of EOL scenario, and 4) environmental impact of EOL scenario. The method is applied to a simplified model of Power Mac G4 cube® for demonstration

Design for Product-Embedded Disassembly

This paper presents a computational method for designing assemblies with a built-in disassembly pathway that maximizes the profit of disassembly while satisfying regulatory requirements for component retrieval. Given component revenues and components to be retrieved, the method simultaneously determines the spatial configurations of components and locator features on the components, such that the product can be disassembled in the most profitable sequence, via a domino-like self-disassembly" process triggered by the removal of one or a few fasteners. The problem is posed as optimization and a multi-objective genetic algorithm is utilized to search for Pareto-optimal designs in terms of three objectives: 1) the satisfaction of distance specification among components, 2) the efficient use of locator features on components, and 3) the profit of overall disassembly process under the regulatory requirements. A case study with different costs for removing fasteners demonstrates the effectiveness of the method in generating design alternatives under various disassembly scenarios.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87212/4/Saitou76.pd

Reduced dynamic loads due to hip dislocation induce acetabular cartilage degeneration by IL-6 and MMP3 via the STAT3/periostin/NF-κB axis

Abstract Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is characterized by anatomical abnormalities of the hip joint, ranging from mild acetabular dysplasia to hip subluxation and eventually dislocation. The mechanism underlying the cartilage degeneration of the hip joints exposed to reduced dynamic loads due to hip dislocation remains unknown. We established a rodent hip dislocation (disarticulation; DA) model of DDH (DA-DDH rats and mice) by swaddling. Expression levels of periostin (Postn) and catabolic factors, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (Mmp3), increased and those of chondrogenic markers decreased in the acetabular cartilage of the DA-DDH models. Postn induced IL-6 and Mmp3 expression in chondrocytes through integrin αVβ3, focal adhesion kinase, Src, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. The microgravity environment created by a random positioning machine induced Postn expression in chondrocytes through signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling. IL-6 stimulated Postn expression via STAT3 signaling. Furthermore, cartilage degeneration was suppressed in the acetabulum of Postn −/− DA-DDH mice compared with that in the acetabulum of wild type DA-DDH mice. In summary, reduced dynamic loads due to hip dislocation induced acetabular cartilage degeneration via IL-6 and MMP3 through STAT3/periostin/NF-κB signaling in the rodent DA-DDH models

Late Rectal Complications Evaluated by computed tomography-Based Dose Calculations in Patients with Cervical carcinoma Undergoing high-Dose-rate Brachytherapy

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of dose calculations at the computed tomography (CT)-based rectal point (CTRP) as a predictive factor for late rectal complications in patients with cervical carcinoma who were treated with a combination of high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy.\nMethods and Materials: Ninety-two patients with uterine cervical carcinoma undergoing definitive radiotherapy alone were retrospectively analyzed. The median follow-up time for all patients was 32 months (range, 13&#8211;60 months). The cumulative biologically effective dose (BED) was calculated at the rectal reference point as defined by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements Report 38 (BEDRP) and at the CTRP (BEDCTRP). Late rectal complications were recorded according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group grading system.\nResults: The late rectal complications were distributed as follows: Grade 0, 68 patients (74%); Grade 1, 20 patients (22%); Grade 2, 4 patients (4%). Univariate analysis showed that BEDRP, BEDCTRP, RP dose/point A dose ratio, and CTRP dose/point A dose ratio were significantly correlated with late rectal complications (p < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, patients with a rectal BEDCTRP &#8805;140 Gy3 presented with significantly greater frequency of rectal complications (p = 0.031).\nConclusions: The present results suggest that BEDCTRP is a useful predictive factor for late rectal complications

Description and DNA barcoding of Crematogaster fraxatrix Forel, 1911 and two new closely\ua0related species from Cambodia and Indonesia (Hymenoptera,\ua0Formicidae)

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