Uso atual e quantificação de áreas degradadas na margem do Rio São Francisco no município Santa Maria da Boa Vista-PE.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi fortalecer estudos ambientais para a preservação da vegetação ciliar, avaliar o uso atual e quantificar as áreas degradadas para o Programa de Revitalização do Rio São Francisco, no município de Santa Maria a Boa Vista. Para o mapeamento do uso atual dos solos e quantificação de áreas degradadas, foram realizados estudos básicos para validação e definição da metodologia. No município, praticamente toda a vegetação ciliar foi retirada e a grande maioria dos solos relacionados aos sedimentos fluviais encontram-se salinizados e degradados. Muitos já estão improdutivos e devido ao elevado nível de salinização do solo, as espécies nativas não conseguem se regenerar, cedendo lugar a plantas invasoras como é o caso da algaroba. As áreas que, por normas legais não poderiam ter sido desmatadas (toda a área de vegetação ciliar e áreas impróprias para a agricultura, etc), devem ser recuperadas por meio da regeneração natural e/ou de incentivos de políticas públicas.

Solos da margem esquerda do rio São Francisco: município de Petrolina, Estado de Pernambuco.

O presente trabalho objetiva contribuir para um melhor conhecimento dos solos da margem esquerda do Rio São Francisco, no Município de Petrolina, PE, principalmente quanto à sua classificação taxonômica e variação de seus atributos físicos e químicos na paisagem. É parte integrante do projeto de pesquisa intitulado “Contribuição à revitalização do Rio São Francisco com base na reconstituição de suas matas ciliares e recuperação de áreas degradadas nos municípios de Petrolina, Lagoa Grande e Santa Maria da Boa Vista”, financiado pelo Banco do Nordeste do Brasil, que visa integrar e fortalecer os estudos ambientais para a preservação da vegetação ciliar e contribuir com a recuperação de áreasbitstream/item/31871/1/Documentos-236.pd

Uso atual e quantificação de áreas degradadas na Margem do Rio São Francisco no Município Petrolina-PE.

O Submédio do Vale do São Francisco tem passando por constantes alterações antrópicas. Dessa maneira, muitas áreas sem aptidão para o uso agrícola são cultivadas, atingindo inclusive a vegetação ciliar. O objetivo deste estudo foi fortalecer estudos ambientais para a preservação da vegetação ciliar, avaliar o uso atual e quantificar as áreas degradadas para o Programa de Revitalização do Rio São Francisco, no município de Petrolina-PE. Para o mapeamento do uso atual dos solos e quantificação de áreas degradadas, foram realizados estudos básicos para validação e definição de metodologia. No município, praticamente toda a vegetação ciliar foi retirada e a grande maioria dos solos relacionados aos sedimentos fluviais encontram-se salinizados e degradados. Muitos já estão improdutivos e devido ao elevado nível de salinização do solo, as espécies nativas não conseguem se regenerar, cedendo lugar a plantas invasoras com é o caso da algaroba. As áreas que, por normas legais não poderiam ter sido desmatadas (toda a área de vegetação ciliar e áreas impróprias para a agricultura, etc), devem ser recuperadas por meio da regeneração natural e/ou de incentivos de políticas públicas

Uso atual e quantificação de áreas com vegetação degradada na margem do Rio São Francisco em municípios do Estado de Pernambuco.

O presente documento avalia o uso atual das terras e quantifica as áreas degradadas, decorrentes do processo de ocupação da zona ripária do Rio São Francisco nos municípios pernambucanos de Petrolina, Lagoa Grande e Santa Maria da Boa Vista, com grande complexidade em virtude dos aspectos relativos aos sistemas de produção praticados e ao meio ambiente.bitstream/item/17928/1/Tony_SDC225.pd

Uso atual e quantificação de áreas degradadas na margem do rio São Francisco no município Petrolina-PE.

O objetivo deste estudo foi fortalecer estudos ambientais para a preservação da vegetação ciliar, avaliar o uso atual e quantificar as áreas degradadas para o Programa de Revitalização do Rio São Francisco, no município de Petrolina-PE

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Transgenic cotton plants expressing Cry1la12 toxin confer resistance to fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and cotton boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis).

Gossypium hirsutum (commercial cooton) is one of the most economically important fibers sources and a commodity crop highly affected by insect pests and pathogens. Several transgenic approaches have been developed to improve cotton resistance to insect pests, through the transgenic expression of different factors, including Cry toxins, proteinase inhibitors, and toxic peptides, among others. In the present study, we developed transgenic cotton plants by fertilized floral buds injection (through the pollen-tube pathway technique) using an DNA expression cassette harboring the cry1Ia12 gene, driven by CaMV35S promoter.201

Transgenic cotton plants expressing Cry1Ia12 toxin confer resistance to fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and cotton boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis).

Gossypium hirsutum (commercial cooton) is one of the most economically important fibers sources and a commodity crop highly affected by insect pests and pathogens. Several transgenic approaches have been developed to improve cotton resistance to insect pests, through the transgenic expression of different factors, including Cry toxins, proteinase inhibitors, and toxic peptides, among others. In the present study, we developed transgenic cotton plants by fertilized floral buds injection (through the pollen-tube pathway technique) using an DNA expression cassette harboring the cry1Ia12 gene, driven by CaMV35S promoter. The T0 transgenic cotton plants were initially selected with kanamycin and posteriorly characterized with PCR and Southern blot experiments to confirm the genetic transformation. Western blot and ELISA assays indicated the transgenic cotton plants with higher Cry1Ia12 protein expression levels to be further tested in the control of two major G. hirsutum insect pests. Bioassays with T1 plants revealed the Cry1Ia12 protein toxicity on Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, as evidenced by mortality up to 40% and a significant delay in the development of the target insects compared to untransformed controls (up to 30-fold). Also, a significant reduction of Anthonomus grandis emerging adults (up to 60%) was observed when the insect larvae were fed on T1 floral buds. All the larvae and adult insect survivors on the transgenic lines were weaker and significantly smaller compared to the non-transformed plants. Therefore, this study provides GM cotton plant with simultaneous resistance against the Lepidopteran (S. frugiperda) and the Coleopteran (A. grandis) insect orders, and all data suggested that the Cry1Ia12 toxin could effectively enhance the cotton transgenic plants resistance to both insect pests

Stability and tissue-specific Cry10Aa overexpression improves cotton resistance to the cotton boll weevil.

The cotton boll weevil (CBW, Anthonomus grandis) is the most destructive cotton insect pest affecting cotton crops. To overcome this problem, CBW-resistant genetically modified cotton plants overexpressing Bacillus thuringiensis entomotoxins were successfully obtained. Previous results showed that the overexpression of Cry10Aa protoxin led to high mortality of the CBW larvae in greenhouse conditions. In this study, we advanced three more generations (T2 to T4), with several cotton events constitutively overexpressing the Cry10Aa protoxin, and the transgene stability and agronomic performance were investigated. In addition, stable transgenic cotton overexpressing the Cry10Aa active (Cry10Aa protoxin lacking the -helix N-terminal) driven by cotton flower bud-specific promoters were generated and characterized. Cotton events constitutively or tissue-specifically overexpressing the Cry10Aa protein (protoxin or active) represented mortality percentages of the CBW larva of up to 85 % in plants under greenhouse conditions. Events overexpressing the Cry10Aa active under control of the flower bud-specific promoter showed higher protein accumulation in stamens and carpels compared to the events with constitutive expression. Our findings suggested that the high stability of the Cry10Aa transgene and the elevated expression level and protein accumulation in flower bud tissues (primarily in stamen and carpels) contribute to improved resistance to CBW larvae. Finally, some notable events were selected with potential for future field trials in different cotton- producing regions of Brazil. Therefore, cotton events overexpressing high levels of the Cry10Aa protein in flower bud tissue may have a strong potential for commercial use in the integrated management of CBW