Effects of sowing dates and irrigation regimes on grain quality of wheat grown under semi-arid condition of India

An experiment was conducted with aim to investigate the effect of sowing dates and irrigation regimes on wheat grain quality. There was four sowing dates [November 1(S1), November 16 (S2), December 1(S3) and December 16 (S4)], in main plots and four irrigation regimes [25% (I1), 50% (I2) and 75% (I3) maximum allowable depletion (MAD) of available soil moisture (ASM) and I4 – four critical growth stages in sub plots. The results revealed that hectolitre weight decreased from 80.2 and 81.4 kg hl-1 in S1 treatment to 78.3 and 79.4 kg hl-1 in S4 treatment and 79.9 and 81.5 kg hl-1 in I1 treatment to 79.0 and 79.9 kg hl-1 in I3 treatment in 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively. Grain hardness outcome was ?75 in 2010-11 while it was <75 in 2011-12 irrespective of sowing dates and irrigation regimes. The highest percentage of flour recovery obtained in S1 treatment (68.2 and 63.2%) and I1 treatment (68.0 and 62.8%) with lowest coarse bran. On average, dry gluten content increased by 16.5 and 7.1% in S4 over S1 treatment in 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively. Grain protein content increased from 11.9 and 12.8% in S1 treatment to 12.6 and 13.8% in S4 treatment in respective seasons. The milling and technological properties in S2 and I2 treatment was at par with S1 and I2 treatment. Therefore, it may be inferred that optimum milling and technological properties of wheat grain can be maintained by sowing till mid-November and irrigation scheduling up to 50% depletion of ASM

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Article published in Souvenir, XI National Seed Seminar on quality seed to enterence Agricultural Profitability (ed, M. Shekhar gouda and L. Krishan Naik) organised by Indian Society of seed Technology, New Delhi at UAS Dharawad during January 18-20, 2002Not AvailableNot Availabl

Water Use Efficiency of Salt Tolerant and Non-Tolerant Wheat Varieties under Irrigated Saline Regimes

Enhancing productivity from irrigated saline environment is of paramount importance to meet the increasing food demand in India. An experiment was conducted during rabi seasons of 2009-10 and 2010-11 with different irrigation water salinity levels and four wheat varieties, including 3 salt tolerant and one non-salt-tolerant.The yield of nonsalt tolerant variety HD-2894 irrigated with ground water (EC 1.7 dS.m-1) was highest (5.25 t.ha-1) with WUE of 18.62 kg.ha-1.mm-1. The salt tolerant variety KRL-1-4, however, produced highest yield of 4.6 t.ha-1, 4.2 t.ha-1 and 3.9 t.ha-1at irrigation water salinity levels of 4, 8 and 12 dS.m-1, respectively, during rabi 2010-11 with average yield higher by 26% and 41% as compared to non-salt tolerant variety HD2894 at irrigation water salinity levels 8 and 12 dS.m-1, respectively.The average water use efficiency of KRL-1-4 under salinity levels of 4, 8 and12 dS.m-1was 12.51 and 15kg.ha-1.mm-1 as compared to 8.75 and 10.33 kg.ha-1.mm-1 for the non-salt tolerant variety during 2009- 10 and 2010-11, respectively. Highest deposition of salt was at the top 15cm soil depth ranging from 1.21 t.ha-1in ground water irrigated plot to 6.22 t.ha-1 in plots with salinity level of 12 dS.m-1. About 66% of salt got deposited in the root zone depth up to 75cm during the crop growth period. It emerged that as the salinity of irrigation water increases, a switchover from high yielding non-salt-tolerant variety to a salt tolerant variety is desirable to achieve higher yields and higher water use efficiencies

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Not AvailableAn experiment was conducted with aim to investigate the effect of sowing dates and irrigation regimes on wheat grain quality. There was four sowing dates [November 1(S1), November 16 (S2), December 1(S3) and December 16 (S4)], in main plots and four irrigation regimes [25% (I1), 50% (I2) and 75% (I3)] maximum allowable depletion (MAD) of available soil moisture (ASM) and I4 four critical growth stages in sub plots. The results revealed that hectolitre weight decreased from 80.2 and 81.4 kg hl-1 in S1 treatment to 78.3 and 79.4 kg hl-1 in S4 treatment and 79.9 and 81.5 kg hl-1 in I1 treatment to 79.0 and 79.9 kg hl-1 in I3 treatment in 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively. Grain hardness outcome was ≥75 in 2010-11 while it was <75 in 2011-12 irrespective of sowing dates and irrigation regimes. The highest percentage of flour recovery obtained in S1 treatment (68.2 and 63.2%) and I1 treatment (68.0 and 62.8%) with lowest coarse bran. On average, dry gluten content increased by 16.5 and 7.1% in S4 over S1 treatment in 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively. Grain protein content increased from 11.9 and 12.8% in S1 treatment to 12.6 and 13.8% in S4 treatment in respective seasons. The milling and technological properties in S2 and I2 treatment was at par with S1 and I2 treatment. Therefore, it may be inferred that optimum milling and technological properties of wheat grain can be maintained by sowing till mid-November and irrigation scheduling up to 50% depletion of ASM.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe profitability of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), sustained deficit irrigation (SDI), and SDI with partial root zone drying(PRD) strategies was compared to that with full irrigation (FI: 100% crop evapotranspiration) in drip-irrigated Kinnow mandarinin northern India. RDI was scheduled with two irrigation levels: no irrigation and 50% crop evapotranspiration (ETc.) imposedin the early fruit growth period (EFGP) andfinal fruit growth period (FFGP) singly and in combination, whereas SDI wasscheduled at 50% ETc and 75% ETc with and without the PRD technique. The highest fruit yield was recorded with FI, whichwas statistically on a par (p>0.05) with that with SDI at 50% ETc with PRD (PRD50). Economic-based comparison shows thatall the treatments were economically viable since their profitability (net return, INR 137 000–1 300 000 ha-1and benefit–costratio, 2.1–14.3) were viable. The net return generated with PRD50was statistically (p>0.05) at par with that generatedwith FI. However, the benefit–cost ratio and economic water productivity calculated with PRD50were found to be significantly(p<0.05) higher (36 and 87%, respectively) than that with FI. These results lead us to conclude that the PRD50strategy couldbe used to improve irrigation water productivity substantially in commercial Kinnow mandarin orchards in sandy loam soil.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Not Availabl

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