10 research outputs found
Short-time fluctuations of displacements and work
A recent theorem giving the initial behavior of very short-time fluctuations
of particle displacements in classical many-body systems is discussed. It has
applications to equilibrium and non-equilibrium systems, one of which is a
series expansion of the distribution of work fluctuations around a Gaussian
function. To determine the time-scale at which this series expansion is valid,
we present preliminary numerical results for a Lennard-Jones fluid. These
results suggest that the series expansion converges up to time scales on the
order of a picosecond, below which a simple Gaussian function for the
distribution of the displacements can be used.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
A Tiling Approach to Counting Inherent Structures in Hard Potential Systems
The number of distinguishable inherent structures of a liquid is the key
component to understanding the thermodynamics of glass formers. In the case of
hard potential systems such as hard discs, spheres and ellipsoids, an inherent
structure corresponds to a collectively jammed configuration. This work
develops a tiling based approach to counting inherent structures that
constructs packings by combining sets of elementary locally jammed structures
but eliminates those final packings that either, do not tile space, or are not
collectively jammed, through the use of tile incompatibility rules. The
resulting theory contains a number of geometric quantities, such as the number
of growth sites on a tile and the number of tile compatibilities that provide
insight into the number of inherent structures in certain limits. We also show
that these geometric quantities become quite simple in a system of highly
confined hard discs.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for Publication : Journal of
Non-Crystalline Solid
Does stress shielding occur with the use of long-stem prosthesis in total knee arthroplasty?
10.1007/s00167-008-0649-0Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy172179-18
Resonant frequencies of arbitrarily shaped microstrip patch antennas using two-dimensional circuit model
Dynamic and thermodynamic crossover scenarios in the Kob-Andersen mixture: Insights from multi-CPU and multi-GPU simulations
International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium report, data summary of 50 countries for 2010-2015: Device-associated module
•We report INICC device-associated module data of 50 countries from 2010-2015.•We collected prospective data from 861,284 patients in 703 ICUs for 3,506,562 days.•DA-HAI rates and bacterial resistance were higher in the INICC ICUs than in CDC-NHSN's.•Device utilization ratio in the INICC ICUs was similar to CDC-NHSN's.
Background: We report the results of International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2010-December 2015 in 703 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and Western Pacific.
Methods: During the 6-year study period, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC-NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 861,284 patients hospitalized in INICC hospital ICUs for an aggregate of 3,506,562 days.
Results: Although device use in INICC ICUs was similar to that reported from CDC-NHSN ICUs, DA-HAI rates were higher in the INICC ICUs: in the INICC medical-surgical ICUs, the pooled rate of central line-associated bloodstream infection, 4.1 per 1,000 central line-days, was nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.8 per 1,000 central line-days reported from comparable US ICUs, the overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher, 13.1 versus 0.9 per 1,000 ventilator-days, as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection, 5.07 versus 1.7 per 1,000 catheter-days. From blood cultures samples, frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (29.87% vs 10%) and to imipenem (44.3% vs 26.1%), and of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (73.2% vs 28.8%) and to imipenem (43.27% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC ICUs compared with CDC-NHSN ICUs.
Conclusions: Although DA-HAIs in INICC ICU patients continue to be higher than the rates reported in CDC-NSHN ICUs representing the developed world, we have observed a significant trend toward the reduction of DA-HAI rates in INICC ICUs as shown in each international report. It is INICC's main goal to continue facilitating education, training, and basic and cost-effective tools and resources, such as standardized forms and an online platform, to tackle this problem effectively and systematically