Influence of deformation axis onto the length free path of screw dislocations in pure fcc materials

In this paper the influence of crystal's deformation axis orientation on formation of long, strong dislocation junctions which can be barriers that limit the shear zone has been studied. The probability of strong junctions formation has been obtained on the basis of interdislocation contact interactions model. The length of free path of screw dislocations has been defined for different orientations of crystal's deformation axis

Флуориметрическая методика оценки влияния доксорубицина на жизнеспособность лактобактерий

Объектами исследования являются лекарственные препараты "Лактобактерин" и "Доксорубицин". Цель работы заключается в разработке флуориметрической методики оценки влияния доксорубицина на жизнеспособность лактобактерий. В результате исследования разработана флуориметрическая методика оценки влияния доксорубицина на лактобактерии.The object of study are drugs "Lactobacterin" and "Doxorubicin". The purpose of the work is to develop a fluorimetric methodology for assessing the effect of doxorubicin on the viability of lactobacillus. As a result of the study, a fluorimetric method for assessing the effect of doxorubicin on the viability of lactobacillus

Breaking Chemo- and Radioresistance with [Bi-213]anti-CD45 Antibodies in Leukemia Cells

Chemoresistance and radioresistance are considered one of the primary reasons for therapeutic failure in leukemias and solid tumors. Targeted radiotherapy using monoclonal antibodies radiolabeled with A-particles is a promising treatment approach for high-risk leukemia. We found that targeted radiotherapy using monoclonal CD45 antibodies radiolabeled with the A-emitter 213Bi ([213Bi]anti-CD45) induces apoptosis, activates apoptosis pathways, and breaks B-irradiation–, ;-irradiation–, doxorubicin-, and apoptosis-resistance in leukemia cells. In contrast to B-irradiation–, ;-irradiation–, and doxorubicin-mediated apoptosis and DNA damage, [213Bi] anti-CD45–induced DNA damage was not repaired, and apoptosis was not inhibited by the nonhomologous endjoining DNA repair mechanism. Depending on the activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, [213Bi]anti-CD45 activated apoptosis pathways in leukemia cells through the mitochondrial pathway but independent of CD95 receptor/ CD95 ligand interaction. Furthermore, [213Bi]anti-CD45 reversed deficient activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, deficient cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and deficient activation of mitochondria in chemoresistant and in radioresistant and apoptosis-resistant leukemia cells. These findings show that [213Bi]anti-CD45 is a promising therapeutic agent to break chemoresistance and radioresistance by overcoming DNA repair mechanisms in leukemia cells and provide the foundation for discovery of novel anticancer compounds.JRC.E.5-Nuclear chemistr

The Role of Choline Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in the Management of Patients with Prostate-Specific Antigen Progression After Radical Treatment of Prostate Cancer.

CONTEXT: Choline positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is a currently used diagnostic tool in restaging prostate cancer (PCa) patients with increasing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after either radical prostatectomy (RP) or external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT). However, no final recommendations have been made on the use of this modality for patient management. OBJECTIVE: To critically analyse the current evidence for the use of choline PET/CT scanning in the management of patients with a progressive increase in PSA after radical treatment for PCa, evaluating its diagnostic accuracy in the detection of recurrences, the clinical predictors of positive PET/CT examinations, and the modalities' role as a guide for tailored therapeutic strategies. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Data on recently published (2003-2010) original articles, review articles, and editorials concerning the role of choline PET/CT in this scenario were analysed. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: The diagnostic accuracy of choline PET in detecting sites of PCa relapse has been investigated by several authors, and the overall reported sensitivity ranges between 38% and 98%. It has been demonstrated that choline PET technology's positive detection rate improves with increasing PSA values. The routine use of choline PET/CT cannot be recommended for PSA values <1 ng/ml. However, in addition to PSA serum value, PSA doubling time (PSA DT), and other clinical and pathologic features-including locally advanced tumour (pT3b-T4) or lymph node involvement at initial staging-should be considered to refer patients to choline PET/CT study. Choline PET/CT may be also proposed as a image guide either for experimental surgical or radiation therapy treatments. CONCLUSIONS: According to the current available data, choline PET/CT plays a role in the management of biochemical relapse. Its accuracy is correlated to PSA value, PSA DT, and other pathologic features. Choline PET/CT may be proposed as a guide for individualised treatment of recurrence