National implementation of a pragmatic quality improvement skills curriculum for urology residents in the UK: Application and results of ‘theory-of-change’ methodology

Background: There is global momentum to establish scalable Quality Improvement (QI) skills training curricula. We report development of an implementation plan for national scale-up of the ‘Education in Quality Improvement’ program (EQUIP) in UK urology residencies. Materials & methods: Theory-of-Change (ToC) methodology was used, which engaged EQUIP stakeholders in developing a single-page implementation ‘Logic Model’ in 4 study phases (2 stakeholder workshops (N = 20); 10 stakeholder interviews). The framework method was used for analysis. Results: Core elements of the EQUIP Logic Model include: (i) QI curriculum integration into national surgical curricula; (ii) resident-led, modular, team-based QI projects; (iii) development of a national web-platform as QI projects library; (iv) a train-the-trainers module to develop attendings as QI mentors; and (v) knowledge transfer activities (e.g., peer-reviewed publications of residents’ QI projects). Conclusions: ToC methodology was useful in developing a stakeholder-driven, actionable implementation plan for the national scale-up of EQUIP in the UK

Vitamin D during pregnancy: why observational studies suggest deficiency and interventional studies show no improvement in clinical outcomes? A narrative review

International audienc

DISEASE CONTROL USING VARIOUS TREATMENT MODALITIES IN ACROMEGALY

Aim. This study aimed to investigate the clinical presentation and treatment outcomes of newly diagnosed acromegaly patients treated with various combinations of treatment modalities