The influence of Galactic aberration on precession parameters determined from VLBI observations

The influence of proper motions of sources due to Galactic aberration on precession models based on VLBI data is determined. Comparisons of the linear trends in the coordinates of the celestial pole obtained with and without taking into account Galactic aberration indicate that this effect can reach 20 $\mu$as per century, which is important for modern precession models. It is also shown that correcting for Galactic aberration influences the derived parameters of low-frequency nutation terms. It is therefore necessary to correct for Galactic aberration in the reduction of modern astrometric observations

Solitary wave solution to the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation for dispersive permittivity and permeability

We present a solitary wave solution of the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation for dispersive permittivity and permeability using a scaling transformation and coupled amplitude-phase formulation. We have considered the third-order dispersion effect (TOD) into our model and show that soliton shift may be suppressed in a negative index material by a judicious choice of the TOD and self-steepening parameter.Comment: 6 page

Nonlinear Localization in Metamaterials

Metamaterials, i.e., artificially structured ("synthetic") media comprising weakly coupled discrete elements, exhibit extraordinary properties and they hold a great promise for novel applications including super-resolution imaging, cloaking, hyperlensing, and optical transformation. Nonlinearity adds a new degree of freedom for metamaterial design that allows for tuneability and multistability, properties that may offer altogether new functionalities and electromagnetic characteristics. The combination of discreteness and nonlinearity may lead to intrinsic localization of the type of discrete breather in metallic, SQUID-based, and ${\cal PT}-$symmetric metamaterials. We review recent results demonstrating the generic appearance of breather excitations in these systems resulting from power-balance between intrinsic losses and input power, either by proper initialization or by purely dynamical procedures. Breather properties peculiar to each particular system are identified and discussed. Recent progress in the fabrication of low-loss, active and superconducting metamaterials, makes the experimental observation of breathers in principle possible with the proposed dynamical procedures.Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures, Invited (Review) Chapte

Small-Size Resonant Photoacoustic Cell of Inclined Geometry for Gas Detection

A photoacoustic cell intended for laser detection of trace gases is represented. The cell is adapted so as to enhance the gas-detection performance and, simultaneously, to reduce the cell size. The cell design provides an efficient cancellation of the window background (a parasite response due to absorption of laser beam in the cell windows) and acoustic isolation from the environment for an acoustic resonance of the cell. The useful photoacoustic response from a detected gas, window background and noise are analyzed in demonstration experiments as functions of the modulation frequency for a prototype cell with the internal volume ~ 0.5 cm^3. The minimal detectable absorption for the prototype is estimated to be ~ 1.2 10^{-8} cm^{-1} W Hz^{-1/2}.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure

ОЦЕНКА УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА КАРТОФЕЛЯ В СТРАНАХ ЕВРОПЫ

The sustainability of potato production in the European countries was evaluated with the use of statistical methods. The effect of changes in yield and acreage on the production of the culture was evaluated. The stability of series levels was measured. The stability of production dynamics are measured with the use of trend models.С использованием статистических методов проведена оценка устойчивости производства картофеля в европейских странах. Оценено влияние изменения урожайности и посевных площадей на валовые сборы данной культуры. На основе расчета показателей вариации оценена устойчивость уровней ряда динамики. С использованием трендовых моделей оценена устойчивость динамики производства

АНАЛИЗ ОСНОВНЫХ ПОДХОДОВ К СНИЖЕНИЮ РИСКА ПРОИЗВОДСТВА В СЕЛЬСКОМ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕ

Agriculture is one of the most risky sectors of any economy. Modern science and practice have developed various methods to reduce the riskiness of production, such as avoiding the risk, hedging, diversification and insurance. In this article we discuss ways to reduce these risks of production.Любое производство подвержено риску. Не является исключением и сельское хозяйство. Современная наука и практика разработала различные методы снижения рискованности производства, например, такие как избежание риска, хеджирование, диверсификация, страхование. В статье рассматриваются именно эти способы снижения рисков производства

Nonlinear thermo-optical properties of two-layered spherical system of gold nanoparticle core and water vapor shell during initial stage of shell expansion

Nonlinear thermo-optical properties of two-layered spherical system of gold nanoparticle core and water vapor shell, created under laser heating of nanoparticle in water, were theoretically investigated. Vapor shell expansion leads to decreasing up to one to two orders of magnitude in comparison with initial values of scattering and extinction of the radiation with wavelengths 532 and 633 nm by system while shell radius is increased up to value of about two radii of nanoparticle. Subsequent increasing of shell radius more than two radii of nanoparticle leads to rise of scattering and extinction properties of system over initial values. The significant decrease of radiation scattering and extinction by system of nanoparticle-vapor shell can be used for experimental detection of the energy threshold of vapor shell formation and investigation of the first stages of its expansion

APPLICATION OF DEACTIVATING CURABLE MIXTURES BASED ON DIATOMACEOUS EARTH AIMED TO REDUCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR THE PROCESSING LOW-LEVEL AND INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE

This article describes a method of getting "cold" pottery, the use of which allows converting decontaminated solutions in phosphate ceramics with minimum energy consumption.В данной работе описан метод получения «холодной» керамики, использование которого позволяет переводить дезактивируемые растворы в фосфатную керамику с наименьшими энергозатратами