The Effects of Sorghum Grain on Live Weight Gain, Feed Conversion Ratios and Digestibility of Nutrients in Beef Cattle

In this research, the effect of sorghum in beef cattle mixture feeds as energy source instead of wheat on live weight gain, feed conversion ratio and digestibility of nutrients were investigated. In the experiment, 20 Holstein male beef cattle of 1.5 years old and each weighing average 330 kg were used as animal material. The trial was done in two stages: the first stage was pre-experimental period for 2 weeks and the second stage was the main experimental period for 10 weeks, totally lasting 12 weeks. During the whole experimental period, isocaloric and isonitrogenic 2 diets were used. In control group, feed mixtures involved 27% wheat, but in experimental group, 27% sorghum was used instead of wheat. Dried alfalfa hay was used as roughage. Both rations consisted of 80% concentrated feed and 20% roughage. The differences between the control and treatment groups, in terms of live weight gains, feed intakes, daily live weight gains, feed conversion ratios and digestibility of nutrients, during 84 days of feeding period were not significant (p>0.05). Trial results indicated that sorghum grain could be used instead of wheat as an economical energy source in beef cattle rations

Magneto-optical properties and Mossbauer Investigation of BaxSryPbzFe12O19 Hexaferrites

Ba0.3Sr0.4Pb0.3Fe12O19, Ba(0.4)Sro(0.3)Ph(0.3)Fe(12)O(19) and Ba0.3Sr0.3Pb0.4Fe12O19 hexaferrites were synthesized via sol-gel auto combustion. XRD (X-ray powder diffraction) powder patterns of the products confirmed the formation of M-type hexaferrites without any secindary phase. The crystallite sizes of the products were calculated as 3741 nm by Scherrer equation. SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) analyses revelaed the hexagonal morphology and 200-400 nm grain size of the prodcuts. The magnetic hysteresis (a sigma-H) curves exhibit the ferromagnetic features for all hexaferrites. Especially, Ba0.3Sr0.4Pb0.3Fe12O19 and Ba0.4Sr0.3Pb0.3Fe12O19 samples have suitable magnetic characteristics (saturation magnetizations as 42.58 and 38.55 emu/g, coercive fields as 1950 and 2978 Oe, larger squareness ratios (SQR) as 0.447 and 0.454, respectively) for high density magnetic recording applications and permanent magnet fabrication. Effective crystalline anisotropy constants (Kell) are between 3.18x10(5) -3.54x10(5) Erg/g. The observed 17000 Oe Ha (anisotropy field) reveal that products are hard magnet. Tauc plots were plotted to determine the Eg (direct optical energy band gap) of the samples. The Eg values are 1.46, 1.51, 1.69 eV belonging to Ba0.3Sr0.4Pb0.3Fe12O19, Ba0.4Sr0.3Pb0.3Fe12O19, and Ba0.3Sr0.3Pb0.4Fe12O19 hexaferrites respectively

In vitro biological activity of some new 1,2,4-triazole derivatives with their potentiometric titrations

Gursoy-Kol, Ozlem/0000-0003-2637-9023WOS: 000401783500006In this study, 3-alkyl(aryl)-4-amino-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones 3 have been reacted with 4-methoxy-3-(p-toluenesulfonyloxy)-benzaldehyde 1 to afford the corresponding nine new 3-alkykary1)-4-[4-methoxy-3-(p-toluenesulfonyloxy)benzylidenamino)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones 4. Then, the acetylation reactions of compounds 4 have been investigated and 5 type compounds have been obtained. the structures of fifteen new compounds have been characterized by IR, H-1 and C-13 NMR, MS and UV-Vis spectral data. the synthesized compounds have been analyzed for their in vitro potential antioxidant activities by three different methods. Those antioxidant activities have been compared to standard antioxidants such as BHA, BHT and a-tocopherol. Compounds 4b, 4d and 5d show best activity for iron binding. in addition, the compounds 4 have been titrated potentiometrically with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) in four non-aqueous solvents. Furthermore, these fifteen new compounds have been screened for their antimicrobial activities.Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kafkas UniversityKafkas University [2011-14EF-32]This work was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kafkas University (Project Number: 2011-14EF-32). the authors thank Dr. Z. Ocak for the determination of pKa values and Dr. M. Calapoglu for antioxidant activities

The Effect of Sorghum Grain on Ruminal Fermentation and Some Blood Parameters in Beef Cattle

In this research, the effect of sorghum in beef cattle mixture feeds as energy source instead of wheat on ruminal fermentation and some blood parameters was investigated. In the experiment, 20 Holstein beef cattle of 1.5 years old, each weighing average 330 kg were used. The trial was done in 2 stages: the first stage was pre-experimental period for 2 weeks and the second stage was the main experimental period for 10 weeks, totally lasting twelve weeks. During the whole experimental period, isocaloric and isonitrogenic 2 diets were used. In control group, mixtures involved 27% wheat, but in experimental group 27% sorghum was used instead of wheat. Dried alfalfa hay was used as roughage. Both rations consisted of 80% concentrated feed and 20% roughage. The differences between the groups for ruminal fermentation parameters; rumen fluid pH, ammonia concentrations, total volatile fatty acids, acetate, propionate, butyrate levels were not significant (p>0.05). In both groups differences, at the beginning and middle of the trial period for blood serum parameters (total protein, glucose, albumin, Ca, Na, P, K, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mg), were not significant, but at the middle and end of the trial, the differences between the groups was significant for blood serum Se levels (p<0.05). Trial results indicated that sorghum grain could be used instead of wheat as an economical energy source in beef cattle rations

In Vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Some New 4,5-Dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-ones

Gursoy-Kol, Ozlem/0000-0003-2637-9023; Alpay Karaoglu, Sengul/0000-0003-1047-8350WOS: 000452028200012In this study, 3-alkyl(aryl)-4-amino-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones (3a-3h) reacted with 3-benzenesulfonyloxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (1a-1h) to afford eight new 3-alkyl(aryl)-4-(3-benzenesulfonyloxy-4-methoxybenzylidenamino)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones (4a-4h). Then, the acetylation reactions of compounds 4a-e and 4g were investigated and compounds 5 were obtained, respectively. the structures of fourteen new compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), C-13 NMR, mass spectrometry, and ultraviolet spectral data. the synthesized compounds were analyzed for their in vitro potential antioxidant activities in three different methods. Compounds 4d, 4e, and 5g showed the best activity for iron binding. in addition, the compounds 4a-4h were titrated potentiometrically with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide in four non-aqueous solvents. Furthermore, these 14 new compounds and 14 recently reported 3-alkyl(ary1)-4-(4-benzenesulfonyloxybenzylidenarnino)-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones (6a, 6b, 6d, 6e, and 6g-6i) and 1-acetyl-3-alkyl(aryl)-4-(4-benzenesulfonyloxybenzylide 4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ones (7a, 7b, 7d, 7e and 7g-7i) were screened for their antimicrobial activities. [GRAPHICS] .Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kafkas UniversityKafkas University [2011-FEF-32]Financial support provided by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kafkas University (Project Number: 2011-FEF-32) is gratefully acknowledged. the authors also thank Dr. Zafer Ocak for the determination of pKa values and Dr. Mustafa Calapoglu for antioxidant activities