Case report on hydatid cyst of the liver progressed to the lungs

Hydatid liver disease is commonly found in sheep farming areas. Hydatid cysts are confined to the liver and lungs in common. Many reports on hydatid cysts of liver and lungs were reported individually. Here, we report a case of hydatid cyst of the liver leading to the development of cysts in the lungs. The patient had previously underwent surgery for the removal of hydatid cysts in the liver but chemotherapy with albendazole was neither initiated immediately nor continued for 3 to 6 weeks after initiation. Later she presented with shortness of breath and cough along with fever and chills, for which she was diagnosed to have pleural effusion confirmed with pleural fluid analysis showing increase in ADA (Adenosine deaminase) and protein levels and USG (Ultrasonography) demonstrating loculations. Inspite of specific therapy, pleural effusion was not relieved and she was advised for CT chest which revealed multiple cysts in the lung. Suspecting for the liver cysts, USG abdomen was advised and it confirmed the presence of hydatid cysts in the liver. This helped to draw a conclusion that failure of earlier surgical intervention i.e excision of hydatid cyst of the liver lead to the development of cyst in the lungs that presented as pleural effusion. This case highlights the importance of chemotherapy along with surgical intervention before and after the surgery

SHEAR BEHAVIOR OF STEEL FIBER REINFORCED PRECAST PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BEAMS

Precast industries constantly look for better alternative solutions to reduce the secondary reinforcement to speed up the production process. Addition of fibers in concrete helps in reducing the use of secondary reinforcement. Presence of fiber reinforcement has proven to enhance the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the concrete under flexure and shear. Shear behavior of concrete members mainly depends on the compressive strength of concrete, shear span to depth ratio (a/d), amount of stirrups, aggregate interlock and dowel action of longitudinal reinforcement. The present study focuses on the shear behavior of steel fiber reinforced PSC beams with different volume fractions i.e., 0.50% and 1.00%. Fiber reinforced prestressed concrete (FRPC) beams were cast using long line method and tested with a shear span to depth ratio of 2.4 to simulate shear dominant behavior. Strain gauges were attached to the strands at loading point and at the center of shear span (a/2) to measure strain variation at different stages such as prestressing, de-tensioning and testing. During experimentation, load-deflection and strand strain was recorded. Test results indicate that the addition of steel fibers improved the shear resistance and ductility of the prestressed concrete beams

SHEAR BEHAVIOR OF FIBER REINFORCED HIGH STRENGTH PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BEAMS

Precast industries look for better alternative solutions to reduce the secondary reinforcement to speed up the production process. Addition of fibers to concrete helps in reducing the use of secondary reinforcement. Presence of fiber reinforcement has proven to enhance the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the concrete under flexure and shear. The present study focuses on the shear behavior of steel fiber reinforced prestressed concrete (PSC) beams with different volume fractions i.e., 0.50%, 1.0% and 1.50%. Fiber reinforced prestressed concrete (FRPC) beams were cast using long line method and tested at a shear span to depth ratio of 2.4 to simulate shear dominant behavior. The effect of fiber addition on overall load-displacement, load- strain, ductility of PSC beams is analyzed. Other parameters such as shear span to depth ratio (a/d), compressive strength of concrete, longitudinal reinforcement ratio were kept constant. The test results portray that the addition of steel fibers arrested the crack propagation and the changed the failure from shear to ductile flexure-shear at higher dosages of steel fibers. Moreover, effect of other fiber type and its dosage on shear behavior was studied using structural synthetic (polyolefin) fiber and hybrid fiber (combination of steel and synthetic fiber). Effect of fibers on the flexure-shear interaction was studied using modified compression field theory (MCFT). MCFT is a space truss model which is used for modelling of cracked concrete sections. Cracked concrete is treated as a material with its own stress-strain characteristics. Equilibrium, compatibility and stress-strain relationships are formulated in terms of average stresses and average smeared strains. In the current study, the model developed by Vecchio and Collins (1986) for predicting the Shear-flexure interaction has been presented and discussed. The constitutive laws in MCFT algorithm were varied and shear-flexure interaction of fiber-reinforced members were analysed at the membrane and section level

Detection of Antibiotic Sensitivity in Multi Drug Resistant Microorganisms using Red Wine

Abstract- Red wine is a complex fluid. It contains water, sugars, acids, alcohols, and a wide range of phenolic compounds. Red wine contains a number of biologically active compounds with beneficial effects on human health. The resveratrol is commonly found in food and drinks, including Red wine and grapes. Many studies have been documented towards health benefits of red wine consumption, including anti-oxidative, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-cardiovascular and antibacterial properties. Therefore, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of red wine against multi drug resistant bacteria. The aim of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of Red wine against 30 Multi Drug Resistant pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus, β haemolytic streptococci, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was studied using the agar well diffusion method

Nanocomposite thin films for miniaturized multi-ayer ceramic capacitors prepared from barium titanate nanoparticle based hybrid solutions

In the present work a flexible approach for the wet chemical processing of nanocomposite functional thin films is demonstrated. Barium titanate (BTO) based nanocomposite thin films for future miniaturized multi-layer ceramic capacitors are chosen as model systems to introduce the concept of "hybrid solutions" which consist of stabile mixtures of reverse micelle derived BTO nanoparticle dispersions and conventional molecular precursor solutions of either the same (BTO:BTO) or a specifically different material such as zirconia (BTO:ZrO2). While in the case of using BTO:BTO hybrid solutions an interesting mode of microstructure control is found, the use of BTO:ZrO2 hybrid solutions with various BTO : ZrO2 ratios leads to nanocomposite films. BTO:BTO hybrid solutions yield columnar grown films with excellent permittivities up to 1050 with a significantly reduced number of coating steps at 700 degrees C. Low values of the temperature coefficient of capacitance are realized in the BTO-ZrO2 nanocomposite thin films. The observed dielectric behavior of these films is explained based on the formation of a core-shell type microstructure on the nanoscale. A detailed high resolution transmission electron microscopy study combined with Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction gives evidence for the proposed BTO-ZrO2 nanocomposite character of these thin films

Influence of a Soft Story on the Seismic Response of Non-Structural Components

Multi-story, reinforced-concrete (RC) building structures with soft stories are highly vulnerable to damage due to earthquake loads. The soft story causes a significant stiffness irregularity, which has led to numerous buildings collapsing in previous seismic events. In addition to the structural collapse, the failure of non-structural components (NSCs) has also been observed during past earthquakes. In light of this, this study investigates the effect of a soft story and its location on the seismic behavior of a supporting building and NSCs. The soft story is assumed to be located on the bottom (ground), middle, and top-story levels of the considered building models. Story displacements and inter-story drift ratios are evaluated to assess structural behavior. The floor response spectra and the amplification effects of NSC on the floor acceleration responses are studied to understand the behavior of NSCs. The analysis results revealed that the bottom soft story exhibits a considerable vertical stiffness irregularity, and its position substantially affects the floor response spectra. The amplification in the floor acceleration response was found to be greater at the soft-story level. This study reported that middle soft-story buildings exhibit the most remarkable amplification in the component’s acceleration. Finally, peak floor response demands are compared with the code-based formulation, and it is found that the code-based formulation’s linear assumption may lead peak floor response demands to be underestimated or overestimated