1,828 research outputs found
Anatomy of a Spin: The Information-Theoretic Structure of Classical Spin Systems
Collective organization in matter plays a significant role in its expressed
physical properties. Typically, it is detected via an order parameter,
appropriately defined for each given system's observed emergent patterns.
Recent developments in information theory, however, suggest quantifying
collective organization in a system- and phenomenon-agnostic way: decompose the
system's thermodynamic entropy density into a localized entropy, that solely
contained in the dynamics at a single location, and a bound entropy, that
stored in space as domains, clusters, excitations, or other emergent
structures. We compute this decomposition and related quantities explicitly for
the nearest-neighbor Ising model on the 1D chain, the Bethe lattice with
coordination number k=3, and the 2D square lattice, illustrating its generality
and the functional insights it gives near and away from phase transitions. In
particular, we consider the roles that different spin motifs play (in cluster
bulk, cluster edges, and the like) and how these affect the dependencies
between spins.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures;
http://csc.ucdavis.edu/~cmg/compmech/pubs/ising_bmu.ht
Effects of free stream turbulence, Reynolds number, and incidence angle on axial turbine cascade performance
A large-scale, low-speed, axial-turbine cascade was designed using a fast interactive design code and tested over a range of turbulence level and incidence angle for Reynolds numbers typically present in gas turbines. In all, 36 test conditions were examined;Testing was done primarily to investigate the profile boundary layer development under different inlet flow conditions. Glue-on hot-film gages and surface flow visualizations were used to identify transition and separation over the airfoil surface. In addition to transition measurements, overall cascade performance was determined from static pressure distributions on the airfoil and detailed five-hole pressure probe and hot-wire probe traverses in an exit plane of the cascade;The measured transition start and end points were compared against predictions using existing transition models. Also, the measured losses were compared against predicted losses from boundary layer calculations based on dissipation integral and finite difference analyses
Quantifying dynamical spillover in co-evolving multiplex networks
Multiplex networks (a system of multiple networks that have different types
of links but share a common set of nodes) arise naturally in a wide spectrum of
fields. Theoretical studies show that in such multiplex networks, correlated
edge dynamics between the layers can have a profound effect on dynamical
processes. However, how to extract the correlations from real-world systems is
an outstanding challenge. Here we provide a null model based on Markov chains
to quantify correlations in edge dynamics found in longitudinal data of
multiplex networks. We use this approach on two different data sets: the
network of trade and alliances between nation states, and the email and
co-commit networks between developers of open source software. We establish the
existence of "dynamical spillover" showing the correlated formation (or
deletion) of edges of different types as the system evolves. The details of the
dynamics over time provide insight into potential causal pathways
On complete residue sets
This article does not have an abstract
Adsorption and binding dynamics of graphene-supported phospholipid membranes using the QCM-D technique
We report on the adsorption dynamics of phospholipid membranes on
graphene-coated substrates using the quartz crystal microbalance with
dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) technique. We compare the lipid vescle
interaction and membranne formation on gold and silicon dioxide QCM crystal
surfaces with their graphene oxide (GO) and reduced (r)GO coated counterparts,
and report on the different lipid structures obtained. We establish graphene
derivative coatings as support surfaces with tuneable hydrophobicity for the
formation of controllable lipid structures. One structure of interest formed
are lipid monolayer membrannes which were formed on rGO, which are otherwise
challenging to produce. We also demonstrate and monitor biotin-avidin binding
on such a membranne, which will then serve as a platform for a wide range of
biosensing applications. The QCM-D technique could be extended to both
fundamental studies and applications of other covalent and non-covalent
interactions in 2-dimensional materials
Entanglement transitions in random definite particle states
Entanglement within qubits are studied for the subspace of definite particle
states or definite number of up spins. A transition from an algebraic decay of
entanglement within two qubits with the total number of qubits, to an
exponential one when the number of particles is increased from two to three is
studied in detail. In particular the probability that the concurrence is
non-zero is calculated using statistical methods and shown to agree with
numerical simulations. Further entanglement within a block of qubits is
studied using the log-negativity measure which indicates that a transition from
algebraic to exponential decay occurs when the number of particles exceeds .
Several algebraic exponents for the decay of the log-negativity are
analytically calculated. The transition is shown to be possibly connected with
the changes in the density of states of the reduced density matrix, which has a
divergence at the zero eigenvalue when the entanglement decays algebraically.Comment: Substantially added content (now 24 pages, 5 figures) with a
discussion of the possible mechanism for the transition. One additional
author in this version that is accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Study of the Efficacy of CC-2 and Fuller's Earth Combination as a Decontaminant against Sulphur Mustard (Mustard Gas) Dermal Intoxication in Mice
Decontamination efficacy of Fuller's earth and CC-2 independently; and in different combinations was evaluated against toxicity of sulphur mustard applied percutaneously on mice. Maximum protection was obtained with Fuller's earth and CC-2 in a combination of 80:20(w/w)
Some derivations among Logarithmic Space Bounded Counting Classes
In this paper we show derivations among logarithmic space bounded counting
classes based on closure properties of that leads us to the result that
.Comment: 3 page
Occurrence of powdery mildew disease of Gerbera in Kerala
A purposive sampling survey on the hilly tracts of Wayanad, Kerala revealed the existence of powdery mildew disease in gerbera crops, grown under both protected and open field condition. Among the other fungal diseases of gerbera, powdery mildew disease causes decisive damage to the ornamental cut flower crop, thereby decline in the industrial value of the crop. Symptom of the disease include as white powdery mat on the upper surface of leaf lamina that gradually turned pale yellow to brown. Powdery mildew existed in two locations of Wayanad viz., Ambalavayal and Chulliyode where highest per cent disease severity (PDS) of 50.72 was observed at Chulliyode and 47.2 per cent was observed at Ambalavayal during November-December. In Ambalavayal, the disease was non-significant and no correlation existed between weather parameters and disease progress. But, in Chulliyode, correlation studies revealed that it was significant with positive correlation to relative humidity and a reverse relation existed with temperature and rainfall. The weather data clearly depicts that at a low rainfall of 96 mm and above average relative humidity of 80.27 per cent during November-December was the congenial factor influencing the disease development. But during summer, decline in relative humidity (78.37%) and rainfall (63.13 mm) caused a slight reduction in mean per cent disease severity of 49.12 per cent and 33.6 per cent at Chulliyode and Ambalavayal respectively. Morohological and cultural characters of the pathogen depicts presence of two distinct organism viz., Golovinomyces cichoracearum (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and Podosphaera sp. as the causative organism of the disease. Golovinomyces cichoracearumproduced hyaline, septate mycelia with globose conidia with irregular peripheral end formed in a chain and Podosphaera sp. produced superficial, hyaline, coenocytic mycelium with oval or ellipsoidal, catenate conidia with dimension ranging from 22.1-30.18 x 13.36-18.08ìm formed in unbranched erect conidiophores
Quantum Nature of Plasmon-Enhanced Raman Scattering
We report plasmon-enhanced Raman scattering in graphene coupled to a single
plasmonic hotspot measured as a function of laser energy. The enhancement
profiles of the G peak show strong enhancement (up to ) and narrow
resonances (30 meV) that are induced by the localized surface plasmon of a gold
nanodimer. We observe the evolution of defect-mode scattering in a defect-free
graphene lattice in resonance with the plasmon. We propose a quantum theory of
plasmon-enhanced Raman scattering, where the plasmon forms an integral part of
the excitation process. Quantum interferences between scattering channels
explain the experimentally observed resonance profiles, in particular, the
marked difference in enhancement factors for incoming and outgoing resonance
and the appearance of the defect-type modes.Comment: Keywords: plasmon-enhanced Raman scattering, SERS, graphene, quantum
interferences, microscopic theory of Raman scattering. Content: 22 pages
including 5 figures + 11 pages supporting informatio
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