Tricaesium dimolybdate(VI) bromide

The title compound, Cs3(Mo2O7)Br, was synthesized by the reaction of CsNO3, MoO3 and 1-ethyl-3-methyl­imidazolium bromide. Its crystal structure is isotypic with K3(Mo2O7)Br and contains (MoO4)2− tetra­hedra which share an O atom to produce a [Mo2O7]2− dimolybdate(VI) anion with a linear bridging angle and m2 symmetry. The anions are linked by Cs atoms (site symmetry m2), forming sheets parallel to (001). Br atoms (site symmetry m2) are also part of this layer. Another type of Cs atom (3m site symmetry) is located in the inter­layer space and connects the layers via Cs—O and Cs—Br inter­actions into a three-dimensional array

Studies of contribution of metals bonded with organic matter of seawater to the fluxes of total dissolved metals across water-sediment interface at Vistula Lagoon of Baltic Sea

© 2004 IEEE. Investigations of fluxes of a dissolved element across the water-sediment interface in Vistula Lagoon (Baltic Sea) were carried out in August 2001 and 2002, using chamber experiments. Oxygen, iron(II), total dissolved iron, manganese, copper and lead fluxes were calculated. For the first time the fluxes of metals bonded with organic matter of sea water were studied. The contribution of metals bonded with organic matter to the total flux was varied depending upon conditions and may reach up to 70 %. It was found that metal fluxes at the coastal zone are larger than at the center of the lagoon by the factor of 2-4

Пьеса Т. Мидлтона и У. Роули «Оборотень» как «трагедия порока»

The article is devoted to the consideration of the motif of “lapse from virtue” based on the example of the heroine of the Renaissance revenge tragedy “The Changeling” (1622) by Thomas Middleton and William Rowley. The article identifies the key scenes of the tragedy, helping to understand the multidimensionality and allusiveness of the heroine. In the context of the relationship of the heroine to other characters in the tragedy, the authors determine and analyse the character metamorphosis and stages of the moral decay of Beatrice-Joanna. Examples of the subversion of the audience’s expectation are given. The authors examine scenes of the tragedy, which help to reveal the motifs of the double and shapeshifting, related to the image of the main character. The system of characters in the play by Middleton and Rowley is considered in the context of the most significant dramatic works of the Elizabethan and Jacobean eras.El artículo está dedicado a la consideración del motivo de la caída con el ejemplo de la imagen de la heroína principal de la sangrienta tragedia renacentista de la venganza de T. Middleton y W. Rowley (Thomas Middleton, 1580-1627, y William Rowley, 1585-1626) "El hombre lobo" (1622). El artículo identifica escenas clave del drama que ayudan a comprender la no unidimensionalidad y la alusividad de la imagen del personaje principal. En el contexto de la relación de la heroína con otros personajes del drama, los autores revelan y analizan las metamorfosis del personaje y las etapas de degradación moral de Beatrice-Joanna. Se dan los ejemplos del uso de la recepción del engaño de las expectativas del público. Los autores consideran escenas del texto del drama que ayudan a descubrir los motivos de la dualidad y a trabajar en la imagen del personaje principal. El sistema de personajes de la obra de T. Middleton y W. Rowley se considera en el contexto de las obras dramáticas más llamativas de las épocas Isabelina y Yakoviana.Статья посвящена рассмотрению мотива грехопадения на примере образа главной героини ренессансной кровавой трагедии мести Т. Мидлтона и У. Роули (Thomas Middleton, 1580-1627, and William Rowley, 1585-1626) «Оборотень» («The Changeling», 1622). В статье выявлены ключевые сцены драмы, помогающие понять неодномерность и аллюзивность образа главной героини. В контексте взаимоотношений героини с другими персонажами драмы авторы выявляют и анализируют метаморфозы характера и этапы нравственного разложения Беатрисы-Джоанны. Приведены примеры использования приема обмана зрительских ожиданий. Авторы рассматривают сцены из текста драмы, помогающие раскрыть мотивы двойничества и оборотничества, связанные с образом главной героини. Система персонажей пьесы Т. Мидлтона и У. Роули рассмотрена в контексте наиболее ярких драматических произведений Елизаветинской и Яковианской эпох

Two-particle decays of B_c meson into charmonium states

The factorization of hard and soft contributions into the hadronic decays of B_c meson at large recoils is explored in order to evaluate the decay rates into the S, P and D-wave charmonia associated with rho and pi. The constraints of approach applicability and uncertainties of numerical estimates are discussed. The mode with the J/psi in the final state is evaluated taking into account the cascade radiative electromagnetic decays of excited P-wave states, that enlarges the branching ratio by 20-25%.Comment: 13 pages, LaTeX axodraw-style, 1 figure, 2 table

Mechanisms of regulation of invasive processes in phytoplankton on the example of the north-eastern part of the Black Sea

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. In the north-eastern part of the Black Sea, the seasonal complexes of dominant species of phytoplankton were fixed: small-celled diatom (spring), coccolithophores (late spring, early summer) and large diatoms (summer and autumn). In May–June 2005 and 2006, two invasive species of marine diatoms Chaetoceros throndsenii (maximal abundance 1.92 × 105 cells/l) and Chaetoceros minimus (1.6 × 105 cells/l) were recorded. These species have been incorporated in the complex of the late spring and early summer and grew simultaneously with the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi. The coccolithophore was dominant species, whose abundance had reached the level of a bloom. C. throndsenii was observed over the entire area from the coast to the centre of the sea; C. minimus were recorded at coastal stations and only at two stations of the open sea. Stratification of the water mass and the low (below the Redfield) ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus were observed at this time. Then, C. throndsenii was not marked even once, and C. minimus has been registered once on a shelf in June 2011. Experimental studies (2005) have shown that intensive growth C. throndsenii requires the simultaneous addition of nitrogen and phosphorus in a ratio close to the Redfield ratio. C. minimus shows the intensive growth only at high concentrations of phosphorus and at low nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio (the experiment was carried out in June 2011). Mathematical modelling shows that C. throndsenii and Emiliania huxleyi form a stable couple whose growth is limited by different factors: the diatoms by nitrogen and the coccolithophores by phosphorus. C. minimus might not be able to form a stable couple with coccolithophores because they have the same limiting factor, i.e. phosphorus. However, this species could become the dominant one, if low (0.5–1) nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio conditions were stable for more than 2 months. However, this scenario is improbable in natural circumstances since the existence of this complex seasonal rarely exceeds 1.5 months

RESEARCH OF TWO APPROACHES TO DETECT NETWORK ATTACKS USING NEURAL NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES

Purpose. At the present stage, network attack detection systems based on the following neural networks are most often offered: multilayer perceptron, Kohonen network or self-organizing map and their combinations. The efficiency problem of two approaches to detect attacks on a computer network using neural network technology based on the normalized data of the open NSL-KDD database is considered. Methodology. As an architectural solution to the network attack detection system, it is proposed to consider the following approaches: based on one neural network determining the attack class (first approach) and an ensemble of five neural networks (second approach), which at the first stage determines the attack category (DoS, Probe, U2R , R2L), and in the second stage, the attack class belonging to a certain category. Findings. Based on the neural networks created in the MatLAB program, a study was conducted of their error on the length of the training sample using various training algorithms: Levenberg-Marquardt; Bayesian Regularization; Scaled Conjugate Gradient with different numbers of hidden neurons (minimum, average and maximum). Certain optimal parameters of neural networks with two approaches were determined. Originality. In the course of conducting experiments with various approaches, the results obtained were: TP (True Positive); FP (False Positive); FN (False Negative); TN (True Negative), based on which the following indicators were calculated for assessing the quality of solutions: correct determination of network attacks; false positives; reliability; accuracy and completeness, which prove the feasibility of using an ensemble of neural networks (second approach). Practical value. On the created neural networks with various approaches, studies were conducted: the operating time of neural networks; errors of the first kind; errors of the second kind. According to the results of the first study, the average operating time of an ensemble of neural networks is 0.92 s, and the operating time of a neural network (according to the first approach) is 2.21 s. According to the results of the second study, the error of the first kind using an ensemble of neural networks is 2.17%, and using the neural network (the first approach) – 7.39%. According to the results of the third study, the error of the second kind using an ensemble of neural networks is 3.91%, and using the neural network (the first approach) – 6.96%, which is confirmed by the efficiency of using an ensemble of neural networks (second approach)

Studies of fluxes of dissolved iron and manganese in the Gulf of Finland

© 2004 IEEE. Metal fluxes (total dissolved iron and manganese) across the water-sediment interface were studied in situ in the Gulf of Finland in June 2002 and 2003 using an autonomous benthic lander. Distribution of these metals in the sediment and the porewater was also investigated. Focus was given to understand the behavior of the studied metals at various redox conditions and the influence when sediment resuspension is occurring. Our data indicate the importance of the redox conditions for the iron fluxes with no fluxes at oxic, intermediate at anoxic and high fluxes at suboxic conditions. The fluxes of manganese do not seem to have any correlation with the oxygen levels. Both metals were significantly affected by resuspension, which led to a rapid release

Exclusive semileptonic and nonleptonic decays of the Bc meson

We study exclusive nonleptonic and semileptonic decays of the Bc-meson within a relativistic constituent quark model previously developed by us. For the nonleptonic decays we use the factorizing approximation. We update our model parameters by using new experimental data for the mass and the lifetime of the Bc meson and the leptonic decay constants of the D-meson. We calculate the branching ratios for a large set of exclusive nonleptonic and semileptonic decays of the $B_c$ meson and compare our results with the results of other studies. As a guide for further experimental exploration we provide explicit formulas for the full angular decay distributions in the cascade decays Bc^- => J/psi(=> l^+l^-) + rho^-(=> pi^- pi^0) and Bc^- => J/psi(=> l^+l^-) + W^-(off-shell)(=> l^- + nubar).Comment: 19 pages, 2 figure

Interannual variability of the Black Sea Proper oxygen and nutrients regime: The role of climatic and anthropogenic forcing

The Black Sea is a unique, stratified, enclosed ocean basin of great importance. The water column provides a wealth of information concerning aerobic-anaerobic biogeochemistry, the responses of which can have links to anthropogenic and climatic forcing. Herein, we synthesize dissolved oxygen (DO) and nutrient data (phosphate, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), and silicate) for the period 1984-2010 received in the northeastern and western areas of the Sea. In the subsequent analysis we discuss the role of anthropogenic and climatic forcing in the context of the Black Sea oxic layer and oxic/anoxic interface characteristics.The DO concentration in the surface layer and in the Cold Intermediate Layer (CIL) decreased in warm periods and increased in cold periods, correlating to North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index variation. The biogeochemical regime of the Black Sea oxygenated upper layer has notably changed since 1999. After 1999 DO concentration in the CIL decreased by 20% while the concentrations in the surface layer changed very little. This provides evidence that the CIL waters were not fully replenished during the winters of the last decade.The nutrient concentrations (DIN and phosphate) in the surface layer decreased significantly in the 2000s compared with the 1980s-1990s. This decrease is regarded as improvement of the Black Sea ecosystem state. Oxygen and nutrient dynamics in the middle pycnocline have been decoupled since 1999. Presently physical (climatic) forcing is the dominant affecting factor controlling the Sea oxygen and nitrogen regime. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd