1,959 research outputs found
Recall of thematically relevant material by adolescent good and poor readers as a function of written versus oral presentation.
An inquiry concerning A fourth service of supply.
http://www.archive.org/details/inquiryconcernin00smilU.S. Navy (U.S.N.) author
A Large-Diameter Hollow-Shaft Cryogenic Motor Based on a Superconducting Magnetic Bearing for Millimeter-Wave Polarimetry
In this paper we present the design and measured performance of a novel
cryogenic motor based on a superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB). The motor is
tailored for use in millimeter-wave half-wave plate (HWP) polarimeters, where a
HWP is rapidly rotated in front of a polarization analyzer or
polarization-sensitive detector. This polarimetry technique is commonly used in
cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization studies. The SMB we use is
composed of fourteen yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) disks and a contiguous
neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) ring magnet. The motor is a hollow-shaft motor
because the HWP is ultimately installed in the rotor. The motor presented here
has a 100 mm diameter rotor aperture. However, the design can be scaled up to
rotor aperture diameters of approximately 500 mm. Our motor system is composed
of four primary subsystems: (i) the rotor assembly, which includes the NdFeB
ring magnet, (ii) the stator assembly, which includes the YBCO disks, (iii) an
incremental encoder, and (iv) the drive electronics. While the YBCO is cooling
through its superconducting transition, the rotor is held above the stator by a
novel hold and release mechanism (HRM). The encoder subsystem consists of a
custom-built encoder disk read out by two fiber optic readout sensors. For the
demonstration described in this paper, we ran the motor at 50 K and tested
rotation frequencies up to approximately 10 Hz. The feedback system was able to
stabilize the the rotation speed to approximately 0.4%, and the measured rotor
orientation angle uncertainty is less than 0.15 deg. Lower temperature
operation will require additional development activities, which we will
discuss
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Global shifts in mammalian population trends reveal key predictors of virus spillover risk.
Emerging infectious diseases in humans are frequently caused by pathogens originating from animal hosts, and zoonotic disease outbreaks present a major challenge to global health. To investigate drivers of virus spillover, we evaluated the number of viruses mammalian species have shared with humans. We discovered that the number of zoonotic viruses detected in mammalian species scales positively with global species abundance, suggesting that virus transmission risk has been highest from animal species that have increased in abundance and even expanded their range by adapting to human-dominated landscapes. Domesticated species, primates and bats were identified as having more zoonotic viruses than other species. Among threatened wildlife species, those with population reductions owing to exploitation and loss of habitat shared more viruses with humans. Exploitation of wildlife through hunting and trade facilitates close contact between wildlife and humans, and our findings provide further evidence that exploitation, as well as anthropogenic activities that have caused losses in wildlife habitat quality, have increased opportunities for animal-human interactions and facilitated zoonotic disease transmission. Our study provides new evidence for assessing spillover risk from mammalian species and highlights convergent processes whereby the causes of wildlife population declines have facilitated the transmission of animal viruses to humans
The relationship between physical ill-health and mental ill-health in adults with intellectual disabilities
Background:
People with intellectual disabilities face a much greater burden and earlier onset of physical and mental illâhealth than the general adult population. Physicalâmental comorbidity has been shown to result in poorer outcomes in the general population, but little is known about this relationship in adults with intellectual disabilities.
Aims:
To identify whether physical illâhealth is associated with mental illâhealth in adults with intellectual disabilities and whether the extent of physical multiâmorbidity can predict the likelihood of mental illâhealth. To identify any associations between types of physical illâhealth and mental illâhealth.
Method:
A total of 1023 adults with intellectual disabilities underwent comprehensive health assessments. Binary logistic regressions were undertaken to establish any association between the independent variables: total number of physical health conditions, physical conditions by International Classification of Diseaseâ10 chapter and specific physical health conditions; and the dependent variables: problem behaviours, mental disorders of any type. All regressions were adjusted for age, gender, level of intellectual disabilities, living arrangements, neighbourhood deprivation and Down syndrome.
Results:
The extent of physical multiâmorbidity was not associated with mental illâhealth in adults with intellectual disabilities as only 0.8% of the sample had no physical conditions. Endocrine disease increased the risk of problem behaviours [odds ratio (OR): 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02â1.47], respiratory disease reduced the risk of problem behaviours (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.54â0.99) and mental illâhealth of any type (OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.58â0.92), and musculoskeletal disease reduced the risk of mental illâhealth of any type (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73â0.98). Ischaemic heart disease increased the risk of problem behaviours approximately threefold (OR: 3.29, 95% CI: 1.02â10.60).
Conclusions:
The extent of physical multiâmorbidity in the population with intellectual disabilities is overwhelming, such that associations are not found with mental illâhealth. Mental health interventions and preventative measures are essential for the entire population with intellectual disabilities and should not be focussed on subgroups based on overall health burden
Fish Richness and Abundance in Created Riparian Habitats and Channelized Northern Mississippi Streams
D1 dopamine receptor immunoreactivity in human and monkey cerebral cortex: predominant and extrasynaptic localization in dendritic spines.
469: High Rate of Revaccination in Allogeneic and Early Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation â Results of a Single Center Compliance Tracking Survey
The prevalence and incidence of mental ill-health in adults with autism and intellectual disabilities
The prevalence, and incidence, of mental ill-health in adults with intellectual disabilities and autism were compared with the whole population with intellectual disabilities, and with controls, matched individually for age, gender, ability-level, and Down syndrome. Although the adults with autism had a higher point prevalence of problem behaviours compared with the whole adult population with intellectual disabilities, compared with individually matched controls there was no difference in prevalence, or incidence of either problem behaviours or other mental ill-health. Adults with autism who had problem behaviours were less likely to recover over a two-year period than were their matched controls. Apparent differences in rates of mental ill-health are accounted for by factors other than autism, including Down syndrome and ability level
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