Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for bacterial pigment production and its application on synthetic knitted fabric

This study concentrates on the isolation of bio colour producing bacteria from goat droppings and application of its colour pigment in the textile dyeing process. The isolated strain is subjected to biochemical as well as molecular characterization and is identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa using thin layer chromatography. An optimum condition for production of pigment ‘Pyocyanin (blue-green)’ has been studied by one-factor at a time approach. The pigment (Pyocyanin) is extracted using chloroform, and 0.2N hydrochloric acid. The application of this extracted bio color as coloring agent on polyester fabric has also been studied, and it is found that the color retained on the fabric is yellow, which is different from the extracted pigment colour. Color quality evaluation of dyed polyester fabric has been performed with references to international standard protocols. The color producing is found to be 1-hydroxyphenazine, obtained by the hydrolysis of Pyocyanin at high temperature (130oC). This 1-hydroxyphenazine imparts the yellow shade to polyester fabric on dyeing

Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for bacterial pigment production and its application on synthetic knitted fabric

168-173This study concentrates on the isolation of bio colour producing bacteria from goat droppings and application of its colour pigment in the textile dyeing process. The isolated strain is subjected to biochemical as well as molecular characterization and is identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa using thin layer chromatography. An optimum condition for production of pigment ‘Pyocyanin (blue-green)’ has been studied by one-factor at a time approach. The pigment (Pyocyanin) is extracted using chloroform, and 0.2N hydrochloric acid. The application of this extracted bio color as coloring agent on polyester fabric has also been studied, and it is found that the color retained on the fabric is yellow, which is different from the extracted pigment colour. Color quality evaluation of dyed polyester fabric has been performed with references to international standard protocols. The color producing is found to be 1-hydroxyphenazine, obtained by the hydrolysis of Pyocyanin at high temperature (130oC). This 1-hydroxyphenazine imparts the yellow shade to polyester fabric on dyeing

<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-IN;mso-fareast-language:EN-IN;mso-bidi-language:HI" lang="EN-IN">Caffeine in tea plants [<i>Camellia sinensis</i> (L) O. Kuntze] : In <i>situ</i> lowering by <i>Bacillus</i> <i>licheniformis</i> (Weigmann) Chester</span>

575-580Tea plants (Camellia sinensis) contain 5-6% caffeine that is responsible for the stimulating effect of the beverage. As the tolerance to caffeine varies among individuals, low caffeine tea would be an ideal alternative. While assessing the potential of a few selected bacteria-Bacillus licheniformis, B. subtilis and B. Firmus, to multiply on nutrient medium supplemented with glucose (5%) and tea leaf extract (2%), it was observed that only B. licheniformis could proliferate on this medium. Hence, B. licheniformis was used for further studies. Tea plants were sprayed with a suspension of B. licheniformis at a dilution of 5 x 108 CFU/ml containing 0.1% Tween 80 as surfactant. In situ lowering of caffeine from tea leaves was evident without affecting the quality of the other tea components. Further, there was no change in the morphological and physiological characteristics as well. It is suggested that spraying of B. licheniformis may be useful in yielding decaffeinated tea with good flavour and aroma.</span

Neem as an effective biocontrol agent for tea pests

Chemicalisation of agriculture in general and tea in particular results in chemical residues in the finished product. Due to stringent MRL values fixed for various pesticides in made tea, and the difficulties in marketing of such produce, chemicalisation of tea cultivation is now getting reduced. Diversification of tea-based produce as value added therapeutics and cosmetics is also paving way for organic tea farming. This situation necessitated introducing nature's friendly methods of tea cultivation with 'ecofriendly' products as a major input for plant protection and production. Neem with its multiple biological effects, like antifeedant, repellent, oviposition deterrent, growth regulation and its environment-friendly nature, is a handy tool to control insect pests in tea. The present article is focused on the positive role of neem and its derivatives in controlling tea pests in an ecofriendly way.This item was scanned with a HP 4850 Scanjet at 300 dpi and consists of 7 pages.nf200

Standardization of conditions for effective clarification and concentration of green tea extract by membrane filtration

821-825Studies on clarification of tea extracts with membrane filters was carried out, as a mode of concentration, of the soluble components of tea, prior to drying to reduce creaming in tea based products. The reduction of flux rate was high in reverse osmosis membranes microfiltration compared to ultrafiltration, and prefiltration enabled removal of mainly particulate components of the tea. Catechin content was high in the retentate under 1000 Kpa pressures in all types of filtration process as compared to the original content in the fresh green tea leaves. Alkali and enzyme treatments of the precipitate for maximum recovery of catechins that developed on chilling after filtration improved the solubility of the extract. A partial reduction in the pectin content in the retentates with a concomitant increase in carbohydrates, protein, turbidity, catechins was noted with ultrafiltered and microfiltered extracts. Ultrafiltration caused a rejection of 24% pectin, 23.40% catechins in permeate, and 18.11% caffeine in the green tea extract

Some observations on the Mycoflora of tea environment with special reference to their Mycotoxin producing potential in black tea

This item was scanned with a HP 4850 Scanjet at 300 dpi and consists of 30 pages