229 research outputs found
Studies of concentration and temperature dependencies of precipitation kinetics in iron-copper alloys using kinetic monte carlo and stochastic statistical simulations
The earlier-developed ab initio model and the kinetic Monte Carlo method
(KMCM) are used to simulate precipitation in a number of iron-copper alloys
with different copper concentrations x and temperatures T. The same simulations
are also made using the improved version of the earlier-suggested stochastic
statistical method (SSM). The results obtained enable us to make a number of
general conclusions about the dependencies of the decomposition kinetics in
Fe-Cu alloys on x and T. We also show that the SSM describes the precipitation
kinetics in a fair agreement with the KMCM, and employing the SSM in
conjunction with the KMCM enables us to extend the KMC simulations to the
longer evolution times. The results of simulations seem to agree with available
experimental data for Fe-Cu alloys within statistical errors of simulations and
the scatter of experimental results. Comparison of results of simulations to
experiments for some multicomponent Fe-Cu-based alloys enables us to make
certain conclusions about the influence of alloying elements in these alloys on
the precipitation kinetics at different stages of evolution.Comment: 18 pages, 17 postscript figures, LaTe
Statistical Derivation of Basic Equations of Diffusional Kinetics in Alloys with Application to the Description of Diffusion of Carbon in Austenite
Basic equations of diffusional kinetics in alloys are statistically derived
using the master equation approach. To describe diffusional transformations in
substitution alloys, we derive the "quasi-equilibrium" kinetic equation which
generalizes its earlier versions by taking into account possible "interaction
renormalization" effects. For the interstitial alloys Me-X, we derive the
explicit expression for the diffusivity D of an interstitial atom X which
notably differs from those used in previous phenomenological treatments. This
microscopic expression for D is applied to describe the diffusion of carbon in
austenite basing on some simple models of carbon-carbon interaction. The
results obtained enable us to make certain conclusions about the real form of
these interactions, and about the scale of the "transition state entropy" for
diffusion of carbon in austenite.Comment: 26 pages, 5 postscript figures, LaTe
First Measurement of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering on Argon
We report the first measurement of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus
scattering (\cevns) on argon using a liquid argon detector at the Oak Ridge
National Laboratory Spallation Neutron Source. Two independent analyses prefer
\cevns over the background-only null hypothesis with greater than
significance. The measured cross section, averaged over the incident neutrino
flux, is (2.2 0.7) 10 cm -- consistent with the
standard model prediction. The neutron-number dependence of this result,
together with that from our previous measurement on CsI, confirms the existence
of the \cevns process and provides improved constraints on non-standard
neutrino interactions.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures with 2 pages, 6 figures supplementary material V3:
fixes to figs 3,4 V4: fix typo in table 1, V5: replaced missing appendix, V6:
fix Eq 1, new fig 3, V7 final version, updated with final revision
Observation of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering
The coherent elastic scattering of neutrinos off nuclei has eluded detection
for four decades, even though its predicted cross-section is the largest by far
of all low-energy neutrino couplings. This mode of interaction provides new
opportunities to study neutrino properties, and leads to a miniaturization of
detector size, with potential technological applications. We observe this
process at a 6.7-sigma confidence level, using a low-background, 14.6-kg
CsI[Na] scintillator exposed to the neutrino emissions from the Spallation
Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Characteristic
signatures in energy and time, predicted by the Standard Model for this
process, are observed in high signal-to-background conditions. Improved
constraints on non-standard neutrino interactions with quarks are derived from
this initial dataset
- …