Clinical Nutritional Study of Minimum Protein and Caloric Requirements for Man. Annual Report, Sep. 1965 - Sep. 1966

Minimum protein and caloric requirements for prolonged manned spaceflight and space station

Integrated research program in space nutrition Semiannual report, 1 Aug. 1969 - 31 Jan. 1970

Experiments in protein diets for space nutritio

Integrated research program in space nutrition Semiannual report, 1 Feb. - 31 Jul. 1970

Nutrition and breeding behavior of pocket mouse for space nutrition applicatio

Postprandial thermogenesis at rest and during exercise in elderly men ingesting two levels of protein.

Seven elderly male subjects (69 +/- 3 yr, 67.8 +/- 9.2 kg, 24.5 +/- 3.6% body fat) lived for 12 consecutive weeks in a metabolic unit and maintained their weight with two different diets fed for 6 weeks each: Diet A, consisted of their habitual protein intake as determined on the outside by a dietary record (mean +/- SD, 1.12 +/- 0.22 g/kg d). Diet B was an isocaloric diet with reduced protein intake (70 mgN/kg d, i.e., 0.44 g protein/kg d) at the level of physiological protein requirement [7]. After 3 weeks on each diet, the thermogenic response to single meals A and B containing 38% of weight maintenance energy for each subject (731-994 kcal) was studied by indirect calorimetry under two situations: (1) at rest over a 4 hr period and (2) during graded exercise on a bicycle ergometer at four stepwise workloads (0,80, 200, and 300 kg/min). A postabsorptive control exercise was also performed in order to assess the net effect of the meal during exercise. Eating alone increased the energy expenditure by +0.18 +/- 0.07 kcal/min with meal A and +0.13 +/- 0.06 kcal/min with meal B. There was a positive correlation (r = 0.84, p less than 0.01) between the % energy derived from protein and the thermogenic response expressed as % of the energy content of test meal. Exercise failed to influence the thermogenic response to meals since the overall net increase in energy expenditure induced by the meals while exercising was not different from that obtained at rest: +0.22 +/- 0.17 kcal/min and +0.15 +/- 0.13 kcal/min with meal A and meal B, respectively. This study failed to show any interaction between exercise and postprandial thermogenesis in elderly individuals

Human energetics

Rev. draf

Variasi Jenis Pahat terhadap Tingkat Kekerasan Permukaan Baja ST. 41 pada Proses Bubut CNC HJ-28

CNC mempunyai ketelitian yang tinggi, ketepatan dimensi, waktu produksi yang lebih efektif, dan produktivitas tinggi. Hasil pengerjaan mesin CNC bergantung pada parameter permesinan, seperti cutting speed, federate, depth of cut, material benda, pendinginan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari variasi pahat agar diketahui pahat yang baik selama proses permesinan CNC bubut sehingga mendapatkan setting yang sesuai sehingga menghasilkan kualitas yang baik pada kekasaran permukaan dan kekerasan permukaan. Bahan yang digunakan adalah Baja ST.41, alat yang digunakan adalah mesin bubut CNC HJ-28 dengan variasi jenis pahat insert, HSS bohler, karbida, kemudian Baja ST.41 diproses dengan mesin bubut CNC dengan kecepatan putar spindle (spindle speed) tetap 500 rpm dan gerak pemakanan pahat tetap 50 mm/menit dengan kedalaman 2 mm, kemudian melakukan uji kekasaran permukaan dan kekerasan. Nilai kekasaran pada pahat insert =1,33 µm, pahat HSS bohler = 1,14 µm, dan pahat karbida = 1,84 µm, pengujian kekasaran pemukaan hasil yang paling halus yaitu pahat HSS bohler = 1,14 µm sedangkan yang paling kasar yaitu pahat karbida = 1,84 µm. Nilai kekerasan untuk pahat insert = 144 kg/mm², pahat HSS bohler = 140,33 kg/mm², dan pahat karbida = 140,33 kg/mm². Pengujian kekerasan hasil yang paling keras yaitu pahat insert = 144 kg/mm²

Enhancement Surface Coating Stainless Steel And Copper Using Ultrasonic Batch

Electrodeposition is considered an easy and cost effective technique for the manufacture of alloy layers. Various properties for coatings can be achieved by selecting various electrodeposition parameters. These materials have the advantage of corrosion resistance but relatively expensive. They will need alternative materials that can easily obtained and replace these materials. This paper discusses the process of coating stainless steel AISI 304 and copper with Ni. Electric current and coating time is used in the electroplating coating process of Ni to Ni thickness supported by ultrasonic batch. AISI 304 stainless steel and copper coated using nickel (Ni) with variable time and fixed electric current parameters. The electric current used 1.5 ampere, the time of plating process of 60 seconds, 120 seconds, and 180 seconds. The composition of nickel electrolyte solutions using nickel sulfate 300 gr/L, nickel chloride 30 gr/L, and sour borax 30 gr/L with brighteners added one (I) 15 mL and brighteners two (II) 1 mL. Measurement of thickness is done by using optical microscope assisted by imageraster software. The best process used 1.5 amperes of electric current and time of 180 seconds. The value of copper thickness is 26.50 (μm) using ultrasonic batch