Hubungan Intensitas Penyakit Karat dengan Produktivitas Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) pada Beberapa Varietas Berbeda

The severity of plant disease is closely related to the development of the disease itself, including rusts caused by pathogenic fungi. This research aimed to determine the difference of rusts disease severity and to determine the correlation between rusts disease severity with the productivity of different varieties of soybean. The material used was inoculum of rusts pathogenic fungi, Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd., and four varieties of soybean, i.e., Slamet, Lokon, Bromo, and Ringgit. This research was a split-plot design experimental with subplot was four different varieties of soybean, and the main plot was the control without the treatment of inoculation (In0). The spores suspension density of inoculum of P. pachyrhizi Syd applied was 104 spores/ml (In1). The main parameters observed in this study were the height of plants, the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per plant, the wet and dry weight of the plant, and the total weight of 100 grains seed. The supporting parameters were the disease severity, the soil acidity, the humidity, and the air temperature. The results showed the plant with lowest rusts disease severity was Slamet variety (18,38%), and the highest was Ringgit variety (35,92%). The correlation test showed the increment of rusts disease severity reduced the number of pods and dry weight of the plant in Lokon variety

Aktivitas Fosfatase Tanah Dilingkungan Bentang Hutan Alami Dan Non-alami [Phosphatase Activity in Soil Belongs to Natural and Non-natural Forest Landscape]

The spatial dispersal of acid and alkaline phosphates activity in forest soils appears to be controlled by position in the landscape and its soil microbial density. Soil bacteria expressively produced significant level of acid phosphatase in the investigation.The variety of acid phosphatase activity (8.25-37.55 />-nitrophenol.g"'soil.h"') noted higher and followed by alkaline (0.78-7.15 p-nitrophenol.g-'soil.h" ), correspondingly. Acid and alkaline phosphates were exist in both of soil of natural as well as for non-natural forest soil landscape, with the value (po/o=0.6210) of correlation are 0.6889 and 0.6532, respectively. Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) average density in natural forest soil equivalent to 0.61xl0Â colony forming unit (cfu) and total bacteria is 160xl0 cfu, while the PSB in non-natural forest soil is 7.75xl0 cfu and total bacteria is 48.25x10' cfu. Concerning to the forest environment as soil bacteria inhabitants of PSB, there were significantly difference of PSB population in natural and non-natural landscape forest. Forest environment is negatively affect the soil enzymes activities under Pinus maritima and Caliandra calothyrsus as the lowest activities, and to the highest ones under the Schima wallichii and Eucalyptus saligna vegetation

Holistic Academic Supervision Model for Cultural Art Teachers of Vocational High Schools

This study is aiming at (1) describing and analyzing the current implementation of academic supervision (factual model), (2) generating and analyzing academic supervision model as needed (hypothetical model), and (3) identifying and analyzing the effectiveness of a holistic model of academic supervision (the final model). The method employed in this research was the Research and Development (R&D) method, which was divided into three phases: a preliminary study, stage of development and evaluation stages. The data sources were the school superintendents, teachers, as well as students. Further, the data were collected by conducting interviews, questionnaires, and observations. Results showed that the current implementation of academic supervision was considered less effective. The academic supervision which is considered as appropriate for cultural art teachers is a holistic academic supervision. It involves school superintendents and cultural art teachers who are supervised, starting from the planning stage up to the follow-up stage, so that, a good relationship between them will be established. It is concluded in this study that a holistic academic supervision model is effective to enhance the professional competence of cultural art teachers

Pengaruh Inokulasi Bakteri Terhadap Pertumbuhan Awal Jarak Pagar (Jatropha Curcas L.)

Bacterial inoculants affect the early growth of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L). Genera ofAzotobacter, Bacillus, Chromobacterium, Citrobacter, Nitrosomonas, Rhizobium, andSpaerotillus natans were soil bacterial isolates. The soil was collected from numerous placesaround Pontianak, West Kalimantan. Those isolates were used as inoculants, and formulatedto single and mixed bacterial inoculants, then used to stimulate the early growth of jatrophaseedling in 15 weeks at greenhouse condition. Bacterial inoculations caused better growthperformance compared to its control as pure soil garden medium without inoculations, andneither to bare soil dresses with compost. In the presence of inoculants, plant height wasaccelerated quickly while other inoculants affected to stalk diameter development. Daily growthperformance of jatropha peaked in 8 and 11 weeks after inoculation of Citrobacter andNitrosomonas bacterial component were used as single inoculant, respectively. The increasingof shoot biomass accumulation was three times as caused by single inoculants (Bacillus sp),and the highest one up to four times of biomass weight caused by a mixture inoculants asconsortium of Azotobacter, Bacillus, and Nitrosomonas spp. That selective inoculant hasopportunity to be used for jatropha farming, and this basic study is meaningful to jatropacultivation for standing to bio-fuel resources.Keywords: Jatropha curcas L., inoculants, Azotobacter, Bacillus, Chromobacterium,Citrobacter, Nitrosomonas, Rhizobium , Spaerotillus natans

Biaya Dan Produktivitas Tree Length Logging Di Hutan Alam Produksi

This study examined cost and productivity of tree length logging system in natural production forest. The study was conducted in several forest concession in Kalimantan. The results showed that the sytem is capable to extract the clearbole part as main production log and the wasted log above the first branch into the landing point. Skidding productivityof tree length syistem in PT Gunung Gajah Abadi 6,25 m3/jam/hm, PT Narkata Rimba 15,54 m3/hr/hm, PT Balikpapan Forest Industries 16,67 m3/hr/hm, PT Jatitrin Co Ltd 20,76 m3/hr/hm, PT Dwima Jaya Utama 36,69 m3/hr/hm dan PT Kayu Tribuana Rama 21,67 m3/hr/hm.The average cost of tree length logging system in PT Gunung Gajah Abadi is Rp 84.817,92 / m3, PT Narkata Rimba Rp 33.636,55/ m3, PT Balikpapan Forest Industries Rp 31.800,34/ m3, PT Jatitrin Co Ltd Rp. 25.535,26/ m3, PT Dmimajaya Utama Rp 14.155,19/ m3 and PT Kayu Tribuana Rama Rp. 25.207,41/ m3

Pengaruh Residu Pestisida Terhadap Pola Populasi Bakteri Dan Fungi Tanah Di Rumahkaca

Pesticide Residue was Affect Bacterial and Fungal Population in the Greenhouse Soil Condition. Bacterial and fungal inhabitants were examined through agriculture soil samples. Survival of microorganism in soil was important to evaluate the mineralize process. In the greenhouse experiment, bacterial and fungal population noticed as essential assessment in soil healing with long lasting pesticide (A-soil) after the soil treated with powdered rice straw as organic matter amendment, toxic degrading bacterial as inoculants, and the both of those mixed treatments. That residue implication also assessed to B-soil (as free pesticide soil) then revised with pesticides, and also treated as followed for A-soil. Potential degradation of indigenous microorganism examined all through as setting of control (B-soil) to recognize of its original population.Those of treatments evaluated through microbial survival along 12 weeks incubation in green house environment. Bacterial and fungal populations was affect to become fluctuated along with incubation period as due to the treatments. Bacterial inhabitant was considerably higher compared to fungal population. Correlations were significantly difference with bacterial (p = 0.6654) as well as fungal (p = 0.9029) population in A-soil evaluated to B-soil habitats since the mixed treatments present to both of the soil (p0.005 = 0.6310). Organic matter alteration and certain microbe input was needed in soil contain pesticide, because at the same time the survival of microbes possibly mineralized organic matter, as well as the pesticide residue