Base catalyzed reaction of ethyl thioglycolate with β-aryl-β-(methylthio) acroleins: a general method for the synthesis of 2-carbethoxy-5-substituted/4,5-annulated thiophenes in high overall yields

(Methylthio) acroleins 1a–m were shown to be stable unlike their counterpart the chloroacroleins and their efficacy as 1,3-dielectrophilic properties have now been examined successfully in this work. They are shown to react with ethyl thioglycolate in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate in boiling ethanol to yield the corresponding 5-substituted/4,5-annulated-2-carbethoxy thiophenes in 70–80 overall high yields

ChemInform Abstract: Base Catalyzed Reaction of Ethyl Thioglycolate with β-Aryl-β-(methylthio) Acroleins: A General Method for the Synthesis of 2-Carbethoxy-5-substituted/4,5-Annulated Thiophenes in High Overall Yields.

(Methylthio) acroleins 1a–m were shown to be stable unlike their counterpart the chloroacroleins and their efficacy as 1,3-dielectrophilic properties have now been examined successfully in this work. They are shown to react with ethyl thioglycolate in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate in boiling ethanol to yield the corresponding 5-substituted/4,5-annulated-2-carbethoxy thiophenes in 70–80 overall high yields

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Not AvailablePigeonpea is one of the important legume crops of India which is affected by Fusarium wilt (Fusarium udum) disease causing severe yield loss. Four different races of Fusarium wilt have reported been with pathogenic race present in Bangalore being most virulent. Hence in the present study nature of inheritance of wilt disease was studied in segregating generations (F2 and F3) of crosses namely BRG-1 × ICP-8863 and TTB-7 × ICP-8863. Digenic ratio of 9 (susceptible): 7 (resistant) and 13 (susceptible): 3 (resistant) was obtained in F2 generation of two crosses BRG-1 × ICP-8863 and TTB-7 × ICP-8863, respectively. Frequency distribution of F3 generation showed normal curve, skewed towards susceptibility. This indicates that susceptibility was dominant over resistance and is governed by two or more genes. Probable loci responsible for disease reaction have been designated as FuB1, FuB2 and FuB3. Susceptible parents (TTB 7 and BRG 1) shared one common dominant gene whereas ICP 8863 had recessive resistant gene. Characterisation of these genes will help in marker assisted breeding programmeNot Availabl

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Not AvailableAn experiment was conducted to identify markers linked to Fusarium wilt disease resistance, Parents namely TTB 7 and ICP 8863 were screened using 151 SSRs markers and 16 AFLP primer combinations. Parental screening revealed five SSR primers and 12 AFLP primer combinations polymorphic between parents. Bulk segregant analysis identified five AFLP primer combinations generating seven markers polymorphic between resistant and susceptible bulks while, none of the SSR markers were polymorphic. This indicates that, these markers are putatively linked to wilt disease. Screening of F2 segregating population of cross TTB 7 x ICP 8863 with these putatively linked markers revealed four markers (E-AAT/M-CTG850, ETCG/ M-CTT650, E-TCG/M-CTA730 and E-TCG/M-CTT230) which segregated in 3:1 mendelian pattern. Simple linear regression performed on these four markers had identified two markers namely E-TCG/M-CTT650 and E-TCG/M-CTA730 linked to diseaseNot Availabl

Data_Sheet_1_Multi-location evaluation of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) in Indian climates: Ecophenological dynamics, yield relation, and characterization of locations.doc

Crop yield varies considerably within agroecology depending on the genetic potential of crop cultivars and various edaphic and climatic variables. Understanding site-specific changes in crop yield and genotype × environment interaction are crucial and needs exceptional consideration in strategic breeding programs. Further, genotypic response to diverse agro-ecologies offers identification of strategic locations for evaluating traits of interest to strengthen and accelerate the national variety release program. In this study, multi-location field trial data have been used to investigate the impact of environmental conditions on crop phenological dynamics and their influence on the yield of mungbean in different agroecological regions of the Indian subcontinent. The present attempt is also intended to identify the strategic location(s) favoring higher yield and distinctiveness within mungbean genotypes. In the field trial, a total of 34 different mungbean genotypes were grown in 39 locations covering the north hill zone (n = 4), northeastern plain zone (n = 6), northwestern plain zone (n = 7), central zone (n = 11) and south zone (n = 11). The results revealed that the effect of the environment was prominent on both the phenological dynamics and productivity of the mungbean. Noticeable variations (expressed as coefficient of variation) were observed for the parameters of days to 50% flowering (13%), days to maturity (12%), reproductive period (21%), grain yield (33%), and 1000-grain weight (14%) across the environments. The genotype, environment, and genotype × environment accounted for 3.0, 54.2, and 29.7% of the total variation in mungbean yield, respectively (p 0.05) for all the genotypes except PM 14-11. Results revealed that the south zone environment initiated early flowering and an extended reproductive period, thus sustaining yield with good seed size. While in low rainfall areas viz., Sriganganagar, New Delhi, Durgapura, and Sagar, the yield was comparatively low irrespective of genotypes. Correlation results and PCA indicated that rainfall during the crop season and relative humidity significantly and positively influenced grain yield. Hence, the present study suggests that the yield potential of mungbean is independent of crop phenological dynamics; rather, climatic variables like rainfall and relative humidity have considerable influence on yield. Further, HA-GGE biplot analysis identified Sagar, New Delhi, Sriganganagar, Durgapura, Warangal, Srinagar, Kanpur, and Mohanpur as the ideal testing environments, which demonstrated high efficiency in the selection of new genotypes with wider adaptability.</p