6 research outputs found

    Deep strong light-matter coupling in plasmonic nanoparticle crystals

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    In the regime of deep strong light–matter coupling, the coupling strength exceeds the transition energies of the material, fundamentally changing its properties; for example, the ground state of the system contains virtual photons and the internal electromagnetic field gets redistributed by photon self-interaction. So far, no electronic excitation of a material has shown such strong coupling to free-space photons. Here we show that three-dimensional crystals of plasmonic nanoparticles can realize deep strong coupling under ambient conditions, if the particles are ten times larger than the interparticle gaps. The experimental Rabi frequencies (1.9 to 3.3 electronvolts) of face-centred cubic crystals of gold nanoparticles with diameters between 25 and 60 nanometres exceed their plasmon energy by up to 180 per cent. We show that the continuum of photons and plasmons hybridizes into polaritons that violate the rotating-wave approximation. The coupling leads to a breakdown of the Purcell effect—the increase of radiative damping through light–matter coupling—and increases the radiative polariton lifetime. The results indicate that metallic and semiconducting nanoparticles can be used as building blocks for an entire class of materials with extreme light–matter interaction, which will find application in nonlinear optics, the search for cooperative effects and ground states, polariton chemistry and quantum technology

    Effectiveness analysis of impact of small-size air targets by using AHEAD projectiles determining the correlation between ahead projectile and the target and determining the probability of impact

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    Dążenie do zwiększenia efektywności zwalczania celów powietrznych skutkuje wprowadzaniem nowych rodzajów amunicji przeciwlotniczej. Jednym z nich jest amunicja typu AHEAD. Charakteryzuje się ona tym, że cel atakowany jest chmurą lotek uwalnianych z pocisku w zaprogramowanym punkcie toru balistycznego. W niniejszym artykule analizowane są wzajemne relacje zachodzące pomiędzy celem i chmurą lotek w strefie ich możliwego spotkania. W tym zakresie oprócz omówienia poszczególnych związków, formułowane są również zalecenia dotyczące efektywnego prowadzenia ognia dla wymienionej amunicji. W wyniku rozważań teoretycznych opracowany został model do analizy obliczeniowej, w oparciu o który stosując metodę eksperymentu numerycznego wyznaczone zostało prawdopodobieństwo trafienia celu /w danym przypadku pocisku moździerzowego/. W zakończeniu zamieszczone zostały wnioski podsumowujące.In order to increase the effectiveness of fighting with air targets, there are introduced new types of antiaircraft ammunition. One of them is AHEAD type ammunition. It characterizes itself by the fact that the target is attacked by the cloud of ailerons freed from the projectile in a programmed point of ballistic course. In the article are analyzed mutual relations between the target and the cloud of ailerons in the area of their possible impact. As a result of theoretical deliberations there was developed the calculative analysis model. On the base of it by using numeric experiment method there was determined the probability of hitting the target (in this case: mortar projectile). In the final part there were presented summarizing conclusions
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