1,457 research outputs found
Quantum teleportation of EPR pair by three-particle entanglement
Teleportation of an EPR pair using triplet in state of the
Horne-Greenberger-Zeilinger form to two receivers is considered. It needs a
three-particle basis for joint measurement. By contrast the one qubit
teleportation the required basis is not maximally entangled. It consists of the
states corresponding to the maximally entanglement of two particles only. Using
outcomes of measurement both receivers can recover an unknown EPR state however
one of them can not do it separately. Teleportation of the N-particle
entanglement is discussed.Comment: 7 pages, LaTeX, 3 figure
Achievement of combined goals of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with three different statins: results from VOYAGER
Background: Guidelines suggest that the combination of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) is the most clinically relevant goal for lipid-lowering treatments. Methods: Data from VOYAGER, an individual patient data meta-analysis including 32,258 patients from 37 clinical trials, was used to determine the percentage of patients reaching combined goals of LDL-C and non-HDL-C following treatment with simvastatin, atorvastatin, or rosuvastatin. Paired comparisons were made between each dose of rosuvastatin and the same or higher doses of simvastatin and atorvastatin. Results: Each dose of rosuvastatin brought significantly more patients to the combined goal of LDL-C < 100 mg/dL and non-HDL-C < 130 mg/dL than the same or double dose of atorvastatin; atorvastatin 80 mg was significantly superior to rosuvastatin 10 mg (all p < 0.001). Each dose of rosuvastatin helped significantly more patients reach the combined goal than any dose of simvastatin (all p < 0.001), except for rosuvastatin 10 mg versus simvastatin 80 mg (non-significant). Also, each dose of rosuvastatin helped significantly more patients to reach the combined goal of LDL-C < 70 mg/dL and non-HDL-C < 100 mg/dL than the same or double dose of atorvastatin (all p < 0.001). Every dose of rosuvastatin was significantly superior to all doses of simvastatin (all p ≤ 0.020), except for rosuvastatin 10 mg versus simvastatin 40 mg and 80 mg (non-significant). Conclusions: Physicians' choice of statin and dose is important in helping patients achieve the combined LDL-C and non-HDL-C goals recommended in established guidelines.Björn W. Karlson, Peter P. Toth, Michael K. Palmer, Philip J. Barter, Stephen J. Nicholl
Stochastic modelling of 3D fiber structures imaged with X-ray microtomography
Many products incorporate into their design fibrous material with particular levels of permeability as a way to control the retention and flow of liquid. The production and experimental testing of these materials can be expensive and time consuming, particularly if it needs to be optimised to a desired level of absorbency. We consider a parametric virtual fiber model as a replacement for the real material to facilitate studying the relationship between structure and properties in a cheaper and more convenient manner. 3D image data sets of a sample fibrous material are obtained using X-ray microtomography and the individual fibers isolated. The segmented fibers are used to estimate the parameters of a 3D stochastic model for generating softcore virtual fiber structures. We use several spatial measures to show the consistency between the real and virtual structures, and demonstrate with lattice Boltzmann simulations that our virtual structure has good agreement with respect to the permeability of the physical material
Influence of Spin Wave Excitations on the Ferromagnetic Phase Diagram in the Hubbard-Model
The subject of the present paper is the theoretical description of collective
electronic excitations, i.e. spin waves, in the Hubbard-model. Starting with
the widely used Random-Phase-Approximation, which combines Hartree-Fock theory
with the summation of the two-particle ladder, we extend the theory to a more
sophisticated single particle approximation, namely the
Spectral-Density-Ansatz. Doing so we have to introduce a `screened`
Coulomb-interaction rather than the bare Hubbard-interaction in order to obtain
physically reasonable spinwave dispersions. The discussion following the
technical procedure shows that comparison of standard RPA with our new
approximation reduces the occurrence of a ferromagnetic phase further with
respect to the phase-diagrams delivered by the single particle theories.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, RevTex4, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Recommended from our members
Joint Effects of Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility Loci, Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Colorectal Cancer
Background: Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several SNPs associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility. Vitamin D is also inversely associated with CRC risk. Methods: We examined main and joint effects of previously GWAS identified genetic markers of CRC and plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) on CRC risk in three prospective cohorts: the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), and the Physicians' Health Study (PHS). We included 1895 CRC cases and 2806 controls with genomic DNA. We calculated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for CRC associated with additive genetic risk scores (GRSs) comprised of all CRC SNPs and subsets of these SNPs based on proximity to regions of increased vitamin D receptor binding to vitamin D response elements (VDREs), based on published ChiP-seq data. Among a subset of subjects with additional prediagnostic 25(OH)D we tested multiplicative interactions between plasma 25(OH)D and GRS's. We used fixed effects models to meta-analyze the three cohorts. Results: The per allele multivariate OR was 1.12 (95% CI, 1.06–1.19) for GRS-proximalVDRE; and 1.10 (95% CI, 1.06–1.14) for GRS-nonproxVDRE. The lowest quartile of plasma 25(OH)D compared with the highest, had a multivariate OR of 0.63 (95% CI, 0.48–0.82) for CRC. We did not observe any significant interactions between any GRSs and plasma 25(OH)D. Conclusions: We did not observe evidence for the modification of genetic susceptibility for CRC according to vitamin D status, or evidence that the effect of common CRC risk alleles differed according to their proximity to putative VDR binding sites
Desorption of n-alkanes from graphene: a van der Waals density functional study
A recent study of temperature programmed desorption (TPD) measurements of
small n-alkanes (CNH2N+2) from C(0001) deposited on Pt(111) shows a linear
relationship of the desorption energy with increasing n-alkane chain length. We
here present a van der Waals density functional study of the desorption barrier
energy of the ten smallest n-alkanes (N = 1 to 10) from graphene. We find
linear scaling with N, including a nonzero intercept with the energy axis,
i.e., an offset at the extrapolation to N = 0. This calculated offset is
quantitatively similar to the results of the TPD measurements. From further
calculations of the polyethylene polymer we offer a suggestion for the origin
of the offset.Comment: 3 pictures, 1 tabl
A Stronger Innate Immune Response During Hyperacute Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Infection Is Associated With Acute Retroviral Syndrome
- …