Copper Sorption by Coal Substances from Aqueous Solutions

The copper cations sorption by brown coal, humic acids and residual coal samples after the extraction of humic acid was studied by using the methods of spectroscopy FT-IR, EPR, Solid State CP/MAS 13C-NMR. Samples of lignite (brown coal) of the Tisulsky deposit (TL) of Kansk-Achinsk brown coal basin (Russia), its naturaloxidized form (NOLF), as well as samples of the humic acids (HA) extracted from them, and the residual coal after the extraction of humic acids (RC) were used as sorbents. The copper cations sorption process by the investigated samples depends on contribution of several mechanisms in varying degrees. It may be an ion exchange; complexation with the functional groups of the electron donor; complexation to form the bond Mez+ – HA due to the presence of the free π-electrons on the surface. The quantity of adsorbed copper cations depends on the functional and structural composition of the investigated samples. The copper cations sorption by the coals, humic acids and residual coals reduces the number of paramagnetic centers in the samples and the intensity of the NMR spectra. The copper cations sorption by HA from TL is determined by the significant contribution of the ion exchange process. HA from NOLF; initial TL and NOLF; RC TL and RC NOLF sorb copper cations mainly due to the formation of complexes with individual functional groups and the negatively charged surface portions. The data of 13C-NMR and EPR studies have shown that the aromatic structures make the main contribution to the complexation

Костно-мышечные потери у больных анкилозирующим спондилитом

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is one of the most common autoinflammatory diseases that lead to early disability and high premature mortality rates. Along with lower bone mineral density, patients with AS are characterized by muscle mass decrease, such as sarcopenia. Musculoskeletal losses due to chronic immune inflammation and limited physical functioning significantly worsen prognosis and result in an increased risk of falls and fractures in patients with AS.The review considers the pathogenetic mechanisms of the relationship between AS and sarcopenia and the main approaches to treating degenerative changes in muscle tissue in patients with AS.Анкилозирующий спондилит (АС) – одно из наиболее распространенных аутовоспалительных заболеваний, приводящих к ранней утрате трудоспособности больных и высокому уровню преждевременной смертности. Наряду со снижением минеральной плотности кости для больных АС характерно и уменьшение мышечной массы – саркопения. Костно-мышечные потери, обусловленные хроническим иммунным воспалением и ограничением физического функционирования, значительно ухудшают прогноз и обусловливают высокий риск падений и переломов у больных АС.В обзоре рассмотрены патогенетические механизмы взаимосвязи АС и саркопении и основные подходы к лечению дегенеративных изменений мышечной ткани у больных АС

Динамика минеральной плотности кости на фоне 4-летней терапии ритуксимабом у женщин в постменопаузе, страдающих ревматоидным артритом

Objective: to estimate the time course of bone mineral density (BMD) changes during 4-year rituximab (RTM) therapy in postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Subjects and methods. Seventy-nine postmenopausal women with a valid diagnosis of RA were followed up. According to the basic therapy option, all the patients were allocated into two groups: 1) 44 patients who received combination therapy with RTM and methotrexate (MT); 2) 35 patients who had MT monotherapy. BMD was estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry using an Excell XR-46 stationary dualenergy X-ray bone densitometer (Norland, USA).Results. There was a statistically significant increase in femoral neck BMD and T score as compared to the baseline values in the RTM group after 3 years of follow-up. The MT monotherapy group showed no statistically significant densitometric changes in the femoral neck. The similar positive BMD changes were observed 4 years following RTM and MT therapy.Conclusion. Following 2 therapy cycles, femoral neck BMD parameters were noted to be stabilized in the patients with RA. After 3 therapy cycles, there was a positive densitometric change that remained by the fourth therapy cycle.Цель исследования – оценка динамики минеральной плотности кости (МПК) шейки бедра на фоне 4-летней терапии ритуксимабом (РТМ) у женщин в постменопаузе, страдающих ревматоидным артритом (РА).Материал и методы. Под наблюдением находилось 79 женщин в постменопаузе с достоверным диагнозом РА. Все больные были распределены в две группы в зависимости от варианта базисной терапии: 1-я группа (n=44) получала комбинированную терапию РТМ и метотрексатом (МТ); 2-я группа (n=35) – монотерапию МТ. МПК определяли методом двухэнергетической рентгеновской абсорбциометрии с помощью стационарного двухэнергетического рентгеновского костного денситометра Exceell XR-46 (Norland, США).Результаты. Установлено статистически значимое повышение показателей МПК и Т-критерия шейки бедра по сравнению с исходными показателями через 3 года наблюдения в группе больных, получавших РТМ. В группе пациенток, получавших монотерапию МТ, статистически значимого изменения денситометрических показателей шейки бедра не отмечено. Аналогичная положительная динамика МПК наблюдалась через 4 года терапии РТМ и МТ.Выводы. После 2 курсов терапии отмечена стабилизация показателей МПК шейки бедра у больных РА. После 3 курсов лечения определялась положительная динамика денситометрических показателей, которая сохранялась и к 4-му курсу терапии

Time course of bone mineral density changes during 4-year rituximab therapy in postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis

Objective: to estimate the time course of bone mineral density (BMD) changes during 4-year rituximab (RTM) therapy in postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Subjects and methods. Seventy-nine postmenopausal women with a valid diagnosis of RA were followed up. According to the basic therapy option, all the patients were allocated into two groups: 1) 44 patients who received combination therapy with RTM and methotrexate (MT); 2) 35 patients who had MT monotherapy. BMD was estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry using an Excell XR-46 stationary dualenergy X-ray bone densitometer (Norland, USA).Results. There was a statistically significant increase in femoral neck BMD and T score as compared to the baseline values in the RTM group after 3 years of follow-up. The MT monotherapy group showed no statistically significant densitometric changes in the femoral neck. The similar positive BMD changes were observed 4 years following RTM and MT therapy.Conclusion. Following 2 therapy cycles, femoral neck BMD parameters were noted to be stabilized in the patients with RA. After 3 therapy cycles, there was a positive densitometric change that remained by the fourth therapy cycle