Methotrexate Treatment of Newly Diagnosed RA Patients Is Associated With DNA Methylation Differences at Genes Relevant for Disease Pathogenesis and Pharmacological Action

Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is the fi rst line treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and methylation changes in bulk T cells have been reported after treatment with MTX. We have investigated cell-type speci fi c DNA methylation changes across the genome in naïve and memory CD4 + T cells before and after MTX treatment of RA patients. DNA methylation pro fi les of newly diagnosed RA patients (N=9) were assessed by reduced representation bisul fi te sequencing. Results: We found that MTX treatment signi fi cantly in fl uenced DNA methylation levels at multiple CpG sites in both cell populations. Interestingly, we identi fi ed differentially methylated sites annotated to two genes; TRIM15 and SORC2, previously reported to predict treatment outcome in RA patients when measured in bulk T cells. Furthermore, several of the genes, including STAT3, annotated to the signi fi cant CpG sites are relevant for RA susceptibility or the action of MTX. Conclusion: We detected CpG sites that were associated with MTX treatment in CD4 + naïve and memory T cells isolated from RA patients. Several of these sites overlap genetic regions previously associated with RA risk and MTX treatment outcome

Reaching Cournot-Walras Equilibrium

Considered here is repeated interaction among economic agents. These must share privately held user rights to diverse production factors. The disparate features of the resulting economy motivate a solution concept which blends Cournot/Nash equilibrium with that of Walras. A novelty comes by showing that integrated equilibrium may emerge via adaptive behavior and repeated play

Reaching Cournot-Walras Equilibrium

Considered here is repeated interaction among economic agents. These must share privately held user rights to diverse production factors. The disparate features of the resulting economy motivate a solution concept which blends Cournot/Nash equilibrium with that of Walras. A novelty comes by showing that integrated equilibrium may emerge via adaptive behavior and repeated play

Rationalizing Constrained Contingent Claims

Abstract. Choice of contingent claims could reflect risk aversion or pessimism. Accordingly, the underlying, but hidden preferences might fit ex-pected utility of customary von Neumann-Morgenstern form- or more gener-ally, comply with a Choquet integral. This paper considers constrained choice and rationalizes both sorts of attitudes. Two avenues are pursued: one invokes complete orders; the other contends with partial ordering. Emphasis is on in-complete financial markets, featuring nonlinear pricing

Risk Exchange as a Market or Production Game

Abstract. Risk exchange is considered here as a cooperative game with transferable utility. The set-up fits markets for insurance, securities and contingent endowments. When convoluted payoff is concave at the aggregate endowment, there is a price-supported core solution. Under variance aversion the latter mirrors the two-fund separation in allocating to each agent some sure holding plus a fraction of the aggregate