16,239 research outputs found
Two-Photon Beatings Using Biphotons Generated from a Two-Level System
We propose a two-photon beating experiment based upon biphotons generated
from a resonant pumping two-level system operating in a backward geometry. On
the one hand, the linear optical-response leads biphotons produced from two
sidebands in the Mollow triplet to propagate with tunable refractive indices,
while the central-component propagates with unity refractive index. The
relative phase difference due to different refractive indices is analogous to
the pathway-length difference between long-long and short-short in the original
Franson interferometer. By subtracting the linear Rayleigh scattering of the
pump, the visibility in the center part of the two-photon beating interference
can be ideally manipulated among [0, 100%] by varying the pump power, the
material length, and the atomic density, which indicates a Bell-type inequality
violation. On the other hand, the proposed experiment may be an interesting way
of probing the quantum nature of the detection process. The interference will
disappear when the separation of the Mollow peaks approaches the fundamental
timescales for photon absorption in the detector.Comment: to appear in Phys. Rev. A (2008
Electron spin relaxation of N@C60 in CS2
We examine the temperature dependence of the relaxation times of the
molecules N@C60 and N@C70 (which comprise atomic nitrogen trapped within a
carbon cage) in liquid CS2 solution. The results are inconsistent with the
fluctuating zero field splitting (ZFS) mechanism, which is commonly invoked to
explain electron spin relaxation for S > 1/2 spins in liquid solution, and is
the mechanism postulated in the literature for these systems. Instead, we find
a clear Arrhenius temperature dependence for N@C60, indicating the spin
relaxation is driven primarily by an Orbach process. For the asymmetric N@C70
molecule, which has a permanent non-zero ZFS, we resolve an additional
relaxation mechanism caused by the rapid reorientation of its ZFS. We also
report the longest coherence time (T2) ever observed for a molecular electron
spin, being 0.25 ms at 170K.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures V2: Updated to published versio
Coherence of Spin Qubits in Silicon
Given the effectiveness of semiconductor devices for classical computation
one is naturally led to consider semiconductor systems for solid state quantum
information processing. Semiconductors are particularly suitable where local
control of electric fields and charge transport are required. Conventional
semiconductor electronics is built upon these capabilities and has demonstrated
scaling to large complicated arrays of interconnected devices. However, the
requirements for a quantum computer are very different from those for classical
computation, and it is not immediately obvious how best to build one in a
semiconductor. One possible approach is to use spins as qubits: of nuclei, of
electrons, or both in combination. Long qubit coherence times are a
prerequisite for quantum computing, and in this paper we will discuss
measurements of spin coherence in silicon. The results are encouraging - both
electrons bound to donors and the donor nuclei exhibit low decoherence under
the right circumstances. Doped silicon thus appears to pass the first test on
the road to a quantum computer.Comment: Submitted to J Cond Matter on Nov 15th, 200
Magnon-photon coupling in the noncollinear magnetic insulator Cu 2 OSeO 3
Anticrossing behavior between magnons in the noncollinear chiral magnet Cu2OSeO3 and a two-mode X-band microwave resonator was studied in the temperature range 5–100 K. In the field-induced ferrimagnetic phase, we observed a strong-coupling regime between magnons and two microwave cavity modes with a cooperativity reaching 3600. In the conical phase, cavity modes are dispersively coupled to a fundamental helimagnon mode, and we demonstrate that the magnetic phase diagram of Cu2OSeO3 can be reconstructed from the measurements of the cavity resonance frequency. In the helical phase, a hybridized state of a higher-order helimagnon mode and a cavity mode—a helimagnon polariton—was found. Our results reveal a class of magnetic systems where strong coupling of microwave photons to nontrivial spin textures can be observed
Enhanced hippocampal long-term potentiation and spatial learning in aged 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 knock-out mice
Glucocorticoids are pivotal in the maintenance of memory and cognitive functions as well as other essential physiological processes including energy metabolism, stress responses, and cell proliferation. Normal aging in both rodents and humans is often characterized by elevated glucocorticoid levels that correlate with hippocampus-dependent memory impairments. 11ß-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11ß-HSD1) amplifies local intracellular ("intracrine") glucocorticoid action; in the brain it is highly expressed in the hippocampus. We investigated whether the impact of 11ß-HSD1 deficiency in knock-out mice (congenic on C57BL/6J strain) on cognitive function with aging reflects direct CNS or indirect effects of altered peripheral insulin-glucose metabolism. Spatial learning and memory was enhanced in 12 month "middle-aged" and 24 month "aged" 11ß-HSD1<sup>–/–</sup> mice compared with age-matched congenic controls. These effects were not caused by alterations in other cognitive (working memory in a spontaneous alternation task) or affective domains (anxiety-related behaviors), to changes in plasma corticosterone or glucose levels, or to altered age-related pathologies in 11ß-HSD1<sup>–/–</sup> mice. Young 11ß-HSD1<sup>–/–</sup> mice showed significantly increased newborn cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus, but this was not maintained into aging. Long-term potentiation was significantly enhanced in subfield CA1 of hippocampal slices from aged 11ß-HSD1<sup>–/–</sup> mice. These data suggest that 11ß-HSD1 deficiency enhances synaptic potentiation in the aged hippocampus and this may underlie the better maintenance of learning and memory with aging, which occurs in the absence of increased neurogenesis
No equity, no triple aim: strategic proposals to advance health equity in a volatile policy environment
Health professionals, including social workers, community health workers, public health workers, and licensed health care providers, share common interests and responsibilities in promoting health equity and improving social determinants of health—the conditions in which we live, work, play, and learn. This article summarizes underlying causes of health inequity and comparatively poor health outcomes in the U.S. It describes barriers to realizing the hope embedded in the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act that moving away from fee-for-service payments will naturally drive care upstream as providers respond to greater financial risk for the health of their patients by undertaking greater prevention efforts. The article asserts that health equity should serve as the guiding framework for achieving the Triple Aim of health care reform. It outlines practical opportunities for improving care and for promoting stronger efforts to address social determinants of health. These proposals include developing a dashboard of measures to assist providers committed to health equity and community-based prevention and to promote institutional accountability for addressing socio-economic factors that influence health
Bacterial susceptibility and resistance to modelin-5.
Modelin-5 (M5-NH ) killed with a minimum lethal concentration (MLC) of 5.86 μM and strongly bound its cytoplasmic membrane (CM) with a of 23.5 μM. The peptide adopted high levels of amphiphilic α-helical structure (75.0%) and penetrated the CM hydrophobic core (8.0 mN m ). This insertion destabilised CM structure increased lipid packing and decreased fluidity (Δ 0) and promoted only low levels of lysis (24.3%). The insertion and lysis of the CM by M5-NH showed a strong negative correlation with its lysyl phosphatidylglycerol (Lys-PG) content ( > 0.98). In combination, these data suggested that Lys-PG mediated mechanisms inhibited the membranolytic action of M5-NH against , thereby rendering the organism resistant to the peptide. These results are discussed in relation to structure/function relationships of M5-NH and CM lipids that underpin bacterial susceptibility and resistance to the peptide
Stark shift and field ionization of arsenic donors in Si-SOI structures
We develop an efficient back gate for silicon-on-insulator (SOI) devices
operating at cryogenic temperatures, and measure the quadratic hyperfine Stark
shift parameter of arsenic donors in isotopically purified Si-SOI layers
using such structures. The back gate is implemented using MeV ion implantation
through the SOI layer forming a metallic electrode in the handle wafer,
enabling large and uniform electric fields up to 2 V/m to be
applied across the SOI layer. Utilizing this structure we measure the Stark
shift parameters of arsenic donors embedded in the Si SOI layer and find
a contact hyperfine Stark parameter of m/V. We also demonstrate electric-field driven dopant ionization in
the SOI device layer, measured by electron spin resonance.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Global Optical Control of a Quantum Spin Chain
Quantum processors which combine the long decoherence times of spin qubits
together with fast optical manipulation of excitons have recently been the
subject of several proposals. I show here that arbitrary single- and entangling
two-qubit gates can be performed in a chain of perpetually coupled spin qubits
solely by using laser pulses to excite higher lying states. It is also
demonstrated that universal quantum computing is possible even if these pulses
are applied {\it globally} to a chain; by employing a repeating pattern of four
distinct qubit units the need for individual qubit addressing is removed. Some
current experimental qubit systems would lend themselves to implementing this
idea.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
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