An integrated microring circuit design for optoelectronic transformer applications

The on-chip scale circuit of the optoelectronic transformer is designed and manipulated using the microring resonator system. By using the monochromatic input light source, the electro-optic signals can be generated and functioned as the step up and down conversion by mean of the on-chip optoelectronic transformer. The step up and down of the electro-optic related power conversions can be obtained via the input and drop port connections. The results obtained have shown that the flexible up and down electro-optic conversion ratios of 1: 5 and 10:1 for the step up and down conversions, respectively. The uses light source wavelength source was centered at 800 nm, where the conversion stability of 1600 fs is noted. The linearity trend of the conversion stability is confirmed

Synthesis of Cobalt Oxides Thin Films Fractal Structures by Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition

Thin films of cobalt oxides (CoO and Co3O4) fractal structures have been synthesized by using laser chemical vapor deposition at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Various factors which affect the density and crystallization of cobalt oxides fractal shapes have been examined. We show that the fractal structures can be described by diffusion-limited aggregation model and discuss a new possibility to control the fractal structures

Novel Kerr-Vernier effects within the on-chip Si-ChG microring circuits

We propose a new concept of the nonlinear effect called the Kerr-Vernier effect by using cascaded Si-ChG microring circuits. The circuit is simulated for two materials of different refractive indices which results in phase difference in propagating light and hence observed in the output signal. By varying the input power into the system, the Vernier effects in terms of the Kerr-Vernier effects are seen. In application, the comparative results of the two-channel outputs are used to form the phase sensors, while the self-calibration between the two-channel outputs can be performed. The change in wavelength at the whispering gallery mode of 8 nm is achieved when the applied input power was fixed at 10 mW. A sensitivity of ∼120 µm W-1is obtained for this proposed sensor

Nano-capacitor-like model using light trapping in plasmonic island embedded microring system

We have proposed the convincing electro-optic circuit for long life-time electron mobility emission. Light a monochromatic source is utilized as input into the circuit via the input port and trapped within the plasmonic island. It is a formed-like capacitor structure formed by the silicon-graphene-gold materials which are stacked layers. All circuit port ends have added the TiO2to form the reflectors. By selecting the suitable parameters, the fraction of the output power emission can be controlled at the add port, from which it can be successively pumping and trapped(stored) within the plasmonic island. The system energy saturation can be released by squeezing light behavior, therefore, the system is always balanced due to the successive pumping process. The results obtained of the single cell(circuit) have shown that the charging time and discharging times of the nano-capacitor-like of ∼2 to 3 s and 1000 h are achieved. This can be applied to long life mobility emission(discharge) of the capacity-like device. The mobility storage time within the island is 14,000 h, with the electron mobility of ∼3.0 × 10−7cm2Vs−1 is obtained

On-chip remote charger model using plasmonic island circuit

We propose the remote charger model using the light fidelity (LiFi) transmission and integrate microring resonator circuit. It consists of the stacked layers of silicon-graphene-gold materials known as a plasmonic island placed at the center of the modified add-drop filter. The input light power from the remote LiFi can enter into the island via a silicon waveguide. The optimized input power is obtained by the coupled micro-lens on the silicon surface. The induced electron mobility generated in the gold layer by the interfacing layer between silicon-graphene. This is the reversed interaction of the whispering gallery mode light power of the microring system, in which the generated power is fed back into the microring circuit. The electron mobility is the required output and obtained at the device ports and characterized for the remote current source applications. The obtained calculation results have shown that the output current of ∼2.5 × 10−11 AW−1, with the gold height of 1.0 µm and the input power of 5.0 W is obtained at the output port, which is shown the potential application for a short range free pace remote charger

A novel plasmonic interferometry and the potential applications

In this article, we have proposed the plasmonic interferometry concept and analytical details given. By using the conventional optical interferometry, which can be simply calculated by using the relationship between the electric field and electron mobility, the interference mobility visibility (fringe visibility) can be observed. The surface plasmons in the sensing arm of the Michelson interferometer is constructed by the stacked layers of the silicon-graphene-gold, allows to characterize the spatial resolution of light beams in terms of the electron mobility down to 100-nm scales, with measured coherence lengths as low as ∼100 nm for an incident wavelength of 1550 nm. We have demonstrated a compact plasmonic interferometer that can apply to the electron mean free paths measurement, from which the precise determination can be used for the high-resolution mean free path measurement and sensing applications. This system provides the practical simulation device parameters that can be fabricated and tested by the experimental platform

Coherent light squeezing states within a modified microring system

We have proposed the simple method of the squeezed light generation in the modified microring resonator, which is known as the microring conjugate mirror (MCM). When the monochromatic light is input into the MCM, the general form of the squeezed coherent states for a quantum harmonic oscillator can be generated by controlling the additional two side rings, which are the phase modulators. By using the graphical method called the Optiwave program, the coherent squeezed states of coherent light within an MCM can be obtained and interpreted as the amplitude, phase, quadrature and photon number-squeezed states. This method has shown potentials for microring related device design, which can be used before practical applications

Plasmonic Op-Amp Circuit Model using the Inline Successive Microring Pumping Technique

The electro-optic power pumping system model using the inline successive technique within the modified add-drop filter is proposed. A pumping system consists of a closed loop panda ring resonator, from which the optical power is coupled inline into the system. By controlling the two side phase modulators, the whispering gallery mode (WGM) is generated by the amplitude-squeezed light within the modified add-drop filter. By using the proposed circuits, the low current can be applied into the system via a gold layer connection, from which the amplified output current can be obtained at the throughput port, which can be functioned as the electronic operational amplifier (Op-amp). In application, the WGM output is the amplified signal that can be used for the up (down) link in free space communication network called light fidelity (LiFi). The electro-optic signals conversion can be performed by the stacked layers of silicon-graphene-gold materials. The results obtained have shown that large gain is obtained at the WGM output, which is ~5×10-6cm².(V.sW)-1, when the pumping saturation time is ~2 fs. It concludes the suitability of our proposed model for light fidelity, LiFi up-down link conversion

Fast, slow, stopping and storing light simultaneously using a panda ring on-chip

Past and slow light behaviors are the interesting aspects of light which can be useful for many fundamental and applied researches. Pornsuwancharoen and Yupapin et al. [1] have proposed the use of a simple device called “microring resonator” to perform such behaviors. In this research work, the four different behaviors of light i.e., fast, slow, stopping and storing of light where investigated using a ring resonator. Nowadays, stopping or cooling light beam has become the promising technique for atom/molecule trapping investigations (using static or dynamic tweezers), especially, after the announcement of Nobel Prize 2012 in Physics on the whispering gallery modes [2, 3]. There are two more kinds of devices that can be used to trap light beams, the use of microcavity arrays performed by Yanik and Fan [4], and nonlinear microring resonator by Yupapin and Pornsuwancharoen [5] for stopping light (laser beam). Nanyang Technological University scientists have also done experiment to slowing the light in microresonators using a microring system recently [6]. This concept is a concrete backbone for many applications