3,536 research outputs found
Modeling for the Modified Atmosphere Packaging of Sapota Fruit
Modified atmospheric packaging utilizes polymeric films with selective permeability for O2 & CO2 and modifies the storage environment by lowering O2 concentration and increasing CO2 concentration. Modeling and design of the Sapota fruit for modified atmosphere storage was done with different packaging materials for the higher shelf life. Based on the respiration rate and permeability of the packaging material the suitable packaging films obtained for the modified atmospheric packaging of Sapota fruit were low density Polyethylene, Polyvinyl chloride, Polypropylene and Polystyrene film. Saran and Polyester films were found to be unsuitable for MAP storage of the Sapota fruit. The developed model provides an effective way for selection of the proper packaging material for Sapota fruit and this model can also be employed for designing packaging films for other fruits and vegetables
Quality control parameters of Gandhakadi Yoga tablets W. S. R. To its microscopic evaluation
Gandhakadi Yoga is a formulation suggested for Loha Sevanajanya Vikara Prashamana (Iron overload) in Ayurveda Prakasha and can be used as iron chelator which might help to decrease the iron overload. The present study was carried out to standardize the finished product Gandhakadi Yoga tablets for confirmation of its identity, quality and purity. Thus a trial was made to establish the Quality assessing parameters for Gandhakadi Yoga tablets by simple microscopic technique. The characters i.e. black debris of Gandhaka treated with Bhringaraja, light yellow brown content of Gandhaka, fragment of spongy parenchyma of Agastya leaf, oil globules and epicarp cells with tannin content of Vidanga etc. were the characteristic features of the finished product
Earth Matter Effects at Very Long Baselines and the Neutrino Mass Hierarchy
We study matter effects which arise in the muon neutrino oscillation and
survival probabilities relevant to atmospheric neutrino and very long baseline
beam experiments. The inter-relations between the three probabilities P_{\mu
e}, P_{\mu \tau} and P_{\mu \mu} are examined. It is shown that large and
observable sensitivity to the neutrino mass hierarchy can be present in P_{\mu
\mu} and P_{\mu \tau}. We emphasize that at baselines of > 7000 Km, matter
effects in P_{\mu \tau} can be large under certain conditions. The muon
survival rates in experiments with very long baselines thus depend on matter
effects in both P_{\mu \tau} and P_{\mu e}. We indicate where these effects are
sensitive to \theta_{13}, and identify ranges of E and L where the event rates
increase with decreasing \theta_{13}, providing a handle to probe small
\theta_{13}. The effect of parameter degeneracies in the three probabilities at
these baselines and energies is studied in detail. Realistic event rate
calculations are performed for a charge discriminating 100 kT iron calorimeter
which demonstrate the possibility of realising the goal of determining the
neutrino mass hierarchy using atmospheric neutrinos. It is shown that a careful
selection of energy and baseline ranges is necessary in order to obtain a
statistically significant signal, and that the effects are largest in bins
where matter effects in both P_{\mu e} and P_{\mu \tau} combine constructively.
Under these conditions, upto a 4\sigma signal for matter effects is possible
(for \Delta_{31}>0) within a timescale appreciably shorter than the one
anticipated for neutrino factories.Comment: 40 pages, 27 figures, version to match the published versio
A graphene transmon operating at 1 T
A superconducting transmon qubit resilient to strong magnetic fields is an
important component for proposed topological and hybrid quantum computing (QC)
schemes. Transmon qubits consist of a Josephson junction (JJ) shunted by a
large capacitance, coupled to a high quality factor superconducting resonator.
In conventional transmon devices, the JJ is made from an Al/AlO/Al tunnel
junction which ceases operation above the critical magnetic field of Al, 10 mT.
Alternative junction technologies are therefore required to push the operation
of these qubits into strong magnetic fields. Graphene JJs are one such
candidate due to their high quality, ballistic transport and electrically
tunable critical current densities. Importantly the monolayer structure of
graphene protects the JJ from orbital interference effects that would otherwise
inhibit operation at high magnetic field. Here we report the integration of
ballistic graphene JJs into microwave frequency superconducting circuits to
create the first graphene transmons. The electric tunability allows the
characteristic band dispersion of graphene to be resolved via dispersive
microwave spectroscopy. We demonstrate that the device is insensitive to the
applied field and perform energy level spectroscopy of the transmon at 1 T,
more than an order of magnitude higher than previous studies.Comment: attached supplementary materia
Pairing Symmetry in Iron-Pnictide Superconductor KFeAs
The pairing symmetry is one of the major issues in the study of iron-based
superconductors. We adopt a low-energy effective kinetic model based on the
first-principles band structure calculations combined with the -
model for KFeAs, the phase diagram of pairing symmetries is
constructed. Putting the values of and of the - model
obtained by the first-principles calculations into this phase diagram, we find
that the pairing symmetry for KFeAs is a nodal -wave in the
folded Brillouin zone with two iron atoms per unit cell. This is in good
agreement with experiments observed a nodal order parameter.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures (The pairing symmetry is dependent on choosing an
effective tight-binding model. In the publication version, we adopt a
ten-orbital model by using the maximally localized Wannier functions based on
the first-principles band structure calculations, and give an s-wave pairing
for KFeAs
Onset of deformation at in Bi nuclei
The high spin states in Bi has been studied by -ray
spectroscopic method using the Ta(Ne, 6n) fusion evaporation
reaction at 130 MeV. The coincidence data were taken using an
array of 8 clover HPGe detectors. The spin and parity assignments of the
excited states have been made from the measured directional correlation from
oriented states (DCO) ratios and integrated polarization asymmetry (IPDCO)
ratios. The results show, for the first time, the evidence of a rotational like
band based on a 13/2 band head in this nucleus, indicating the onset of
deformation at neutron number for the Bismuth isotopes. The results
obtained were found to be consistent with the prediction of the total Routhian
surface calculations using Woods Saxon potential. The same calculations also
predict a change in shape from oblate to triaxial in Bi at high
rotational frequency
Bulk Viscosity of Magnetized Neutron Star Matter
We study the effect of magnetic field on the bulk viscosity of nuclear matter
in neutron stars. We employ the framework of relativistic mean field theory to
observe the dense nuclear matter in neutron stars. The effects are first
studied for the case when the magnetic field does not exceed the critical value
to confine the electrons to the lowest Landau levels. We then consider the case
of intense magnetic field to evaluate viscosity for the URCA processes and show
that the inequality is no longer required to
be satisfied for the URCA processes to proceed.Comment: Latex 2e file with four postscripts figure
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