Chromosome Studies and Karyotype Analysis of some Triploid Banana (Musa Species) Cultivars of AAA Genomic Group

Bananas are the highly evolved, oldest fruits known to mankind. The Cavendish group cultivars are popular commercial varieties. AAA genomic group cultivars are said to have evolved from the wild AA Musa acuminata species by natural hybridization and polyploidization and these vigorous triploids were selected by man for cultivation. Basic cytological studies on banana are comparatively few due to the plant's complex nature. In this report, karyo-morphological studies on five AAA Cavendish group cultivars i.e. Robusta, Dwarf Cavendish, Grand Naine, Gros Michel and Red banana are reported. All the five cultivars had similar karyotype, except cv. Robusta. Total chromosome length was highest in Red banana and lowest in cv. Gros Michel

Oxidation of Paracetamol Drug by a New Oxidant Diperiodatoargentate (III) in Aqueous Alkaline Medium

The kinetics of oxidation of anti-pyretic drug, paracetamol by diperiodatoargentate (III) (DPA) in alkaline medium at a constant ionic strength of 0.01 mol dm-3 was studied spectrophotometrically. The reaction between DPA and paracetamol in alkaline medium exhibits 1:2 stoichiometry (paracetamol: DPA). The reaction is of first order in [DPA] and has less than unit order in both [PAM] and [alkali]. A decrease in the dielectric constant of the medium increases the rate of the reaction. The effect of added products and ionic strength of the reaction medium have been investigated. The oxidation reaction in alkaline medium has been shown to proceed via a DPA- paracetamol complex, which decomposes slowly in a rate determining step followed by other fast step to give the products. The main products were identified by spot test, IR, NMR and GC-MS. The reaction constants involved in the different steps of the mechanism are calculated. The activation parameters with respect to slow step of the mechanism are computed and discussed and thermodynamic quantities are also determined

COMPARATIVE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND PHYTO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF TALISADI CHURNA WSR TO DIFFERENT MARKET SAMPLES

Talisadi Churna is a compound herbal formulation extensively used in disorders of upper respiratory tract and Gastro-intestinal tract. Formulation has greater demand due to its simple combination, therapeutic efficacy and methods of preparation and packaging due to which multiple companies prepare the formulation with due precision and safety evaluation. A current study was taken to evaluate in-house prepared sample of Talisadi Churna as per the AFI protocol and was compared to 3 different market samples. All the samples of Talisadi Churna were subjected to physico-chemical, preliminary phyto-chemical analysis and TLC. The study reveals that there is a significant difference is seen in the physico-chemical analysis and TLC, but there is no significant difference is seen in the preliminary phyto-chemical analysis

Seismology of the Sun : Inference of Thermal, Dynamic and Magnetic Field Structures of the Interior

Recent overwhelming evidences show that the sun strongly influences the Earth's climate and environment. Moreover existence of life on this Earth mainly depends upon the sun's energy. Hence, understanding of physics of the sun, especially the thermal, dynamic and magnetic field structures of its interior, is very important. Recently, from the ground and space based observations, it is discovered that sun oscillates near 5 min periodicity in millions of modes. This discovery heralded a new era in solar physics and a separate branch called helioseismology or seismology of the sun has started. Before the advent of helioseismology, sun's thermal structure of the interior was understood from the evolutionary solution of stellar structure equations that mimicked the present age, mass and radius of the sun. Whereas solution of MHD equations yielded internal dynamics and magnetic field structure of the sun's interior. In this presentation, I review the thermal, dynamic and magnetic field structures of the sun's interior as inferred by the helioseismology.Comment: To be published in the proceedings of the meeting "3rd International Conference on Current Developments in Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Nano Physics with Applications", December 14-16, 2011, New Delhi, Indi

Extraction and Recognition of Nonlinear Interval-Type Features Using Symbolic KDA Algorithm with Application to Face Recognition

We present symbolic kernel discriminant analysis (symbolic KDA) for face recognition in the framework of symbolic data analysis. Classical KDA extracts features, which are single-valued in nature to represent face images. These single-valued variables may not be able to capture variation of each feature in all the images of same subject; this leads to loss of information. The symbolic KDA algorithm extracts most discriminating nonlinear interval-type features which optimally discriminate among the classes represented in the training set. The proposed method has been successfully tested for face recognition using two databases, ORL database and Yale face database. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown in terms of comparative performance against popular face recognition methods such as kernel Eigenface method and kernel Fisherface method. Experimental results show that symbolic KDA yields improved recognition rate

Radial-Distance Based Shape Descriptor for Image Retrieval

Shape analysis is used in many application fields including emerging virtual environments or 3D model market, security applications, medical imaging and many more. A Shape descriptor (or Signature) is the simplified representation of images. These shape descriptors carry important image information to store and makes easy the comparing of different shapes. The proposed shape descriptor is based on radial-distances. The type of shape descriptor used here is contour-based shape descriptor. Distance from center of bounding box encompassing the edge image to farthest point on the edge is calculated. A circle is drawn using the distance mentioned above as radius. The ratio of Euclidean distances of an edge pixel and the radius is considered as a feature. A set of such ratios for all the edge pixels forms a shape descriptor. The descriptor is divided into segments so as to avoid global distribution. A rotational matching scheme ensures invariance to rotation. As the computation of feature set is compact, implementation of this method results in quick retrieval of images invariant to scaling, translation and rotation

Augmentation gastrocystoplasty in a child with orofacial syndrome and dysfunctional voiding

We report the case of a child diagnosed with orofacial syndrome with dysfunctional voiding and elevated serum creatinine in whom augmentation gastrocystoplasty was performed to manage urinary incontinence.Keywords: augmentation gastrocystoplasty, dysfunctional voiding, orofacial syndrom

An unusual presentation of anterior urethral valve in a child with diabetes mellitus

Anterior urethral valve (AUV) is identified to be a common source of congenital obstructive lesion of the anterior urethra. Up to 80% of children with AUVs develop bladder dysfunction, bladder instability, hyperreflexia, diminished compliance and capacity. We report a case of an unusual presentation of a child with AUV and diabetes mellitus

Management of antenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis in a child presenting later with urinary tract infections: A case report

Preservation of renal function remains the main goal of follow-up of a child with antenatal hydronephrosis. The question remains as to how long we need to follow these children. Even after several decades, the indications and timing of surgery in a newborn with hydronephrosis are still debated. Herewith, we report the case of a 9-year-old male child who was diagnosed to have hydronephrosis on antenatal scans and was managed conservatively postnatally who presented after 9 years with recurrent urinary tract infections