9,145 research outputs found
Hydrodynamic Limit for an Hamiltonian System with Boundary Conditions and Conservative Noise
We study the hyperbolic scaling limit for a chain of N coupled anharmonic
oscillators. The chain is attached to a point on the left and there is a force
(tension) acting on the right. In order to provide good ergodic
properties to the system, we perturb the Hamiltonian dynamics with random local
exchanges of velocities between the particles, so that momentum and energy are
locally conserved. We prove that in the macroscopic limit the distributions of
the elongation, momentum and energy, converge to the solution of the Euler
system of equations, in the smooth regime.Comment: New deeply revised version. 1 figure adde
Space telescope observatory management system preliminary test and verification plan
The preliminary plan for the Space Telescope Observatory Management System Test and Verification (TAV) is provided. Methodology, test scenarios, test plans and procedure formats, schedules, and the TAV organization are included. Supporting information is provided
The Kondo effect in bosonic spin liquids
In a metal, a magnetic impurity is fully screened by the conduction electrons
at low temperature. In contrast, impurity moments coupled to spin-1 bulk
bosons, such as triplet excitations in paramagnets, are only partially
screened, even at the bulk quantum critical point. We argue that this
difference is not due to the quantum statistics of the host particles but
instead related to the structure of the impurity-host coupling, by
demonstrating that frustrated magnets with bosonic spinon excitations can
display a bosonic version of the Kondo effect. However, the Bose statistics of
the bulk implies distinct behavior, such as a weak-coupling impurity quantum
phase transition, and perfect screening for a range of impurity spin values. We
discuss implications of our results for the compound Cs2CuCl4, as well as
possible extensions to multicomponent bosonic gases.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. The weak coupling RG flow was corrected and
expanded in last versio
Upper-critical dimension in a quantum impurity model: Critical theory of the asymmetric pseudogap Kondo problem
Impurity moments coupled to fermions with a pseudogap density of states
display a quantum phase transition between a screened and a free moment phase
upon variation of the Kondo coupling. We describe the universal theory of this
transition for the experimentally relevant case of particle-hole asymmetry. The
theory takes the form of a crossing between effective singlet and doublet
levels, interacting with low-energy fermions. Depending on the pseudogap
exponent, this interaction is either relevant or irrelevant under
renormalization group transformations, establishing the existence of an
upper-critical "dimension" in this impurity problem. Using perturbative
renormalization group techniques we compute various critical properties and
compare with numerical results.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figs, (v2) title changed, log corrections for r=1 adde
Impulsivity in rodents with a genetic predisposition for excessive alcohol consumption is associated with a lack of a prospective strategy
Increasing evidence supports the hypothesis that impulsive decision-making is a heritable risk factor for an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Clearly identifying a link between impulsivity and AUD risk, however, is complicated by the fact that both AUDs and impulsivity are heterogeneous constructs. Understanding the link between the two requires identifying the underlying cognitive factors that lead to impulsive choices. Rodent models have established that a family history of excessive drinking can lead to the expression of a transgenerational impulsive phenotype, suggesting heritable alterations in the decision-making process. In the present study, we explored the cognitive processes underlying impulsive choice in a validated, selectively bred rodent model of excessive drinking-the alcohol-preferring ("P") rat. Impulsivity was measured via delay discounting (DD), and P rats exhibited an impulsive phenotype as compared to their outbred foundation strain-Wistar rats. Steeper discounting in P rats was associated with a lack of a prospective behavioral strategy, which was observed in Wistar rats and was directly related to DD. To further explore the underlying cognitive factors mediating these observations, a drift diffusion model of DD was constructed. These simulations supported the hypothesis that prospective memory of the delayed reward guided choice decisions, slowed discounting, and optimized the fit of the model to the experimental data. Collectively, these data suggest that a deficit in forming or maintaining a prospective behavioral plan is a critical intermediary to delaying reward, and by extension, may underlie the inability to delay reward in those with increased AUD risk
Hydrodynamic limit for the velocity flip model
We study the diffusive scaling limit for a chain of coupled oscillators.
In order to provide the system with good ergodic properties, we perturb the
Hamiltonian dynamics with random flips of velocities, so that the energy is
locally conserved. We derive the hydrodynamic equations by estimating the
relative entropy with respect to the local equilibrium state modified by a
correction term
Bibliography of reversed-phase partition chromatography
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF REVERSED-PHASE PARTITION CHROMATOGRAPH
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Shock recovery experiments confirm the possibility of transferring viable microorganisms from Mars to Earth
Extract from introduction: With regard to the impact and ejection phase we tested the case for the transfer of microorganisms from Mars to Earth. Using a high explosive set-up thin layers of bacterial endospores of Bacillus subtilis, of the lichen Xanthoria elegans and of the cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis sp. embedded between two plates of gabbro were subjected to 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 GPa which is the pressure range observed in Martian meteorites [1]
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Life after shock: the mission from Mars to Earth
Extract from introduction: The minerals of the Martian meteorites collected so far indicate an exposure to shock waves in the pressure range of 5 to 55 GPa [1]. As terrestrial rocks are frequently inhabited by microbial communities, rocks ejected from a planet by impact processes may carry with them endolithic microorganisms, if microbial life existed/exists on this planet
Transport Properties of a Chain of Anharmonic Oscillators with random flip of velocities
We consider the stationary states of a chain of anharmonic coupled
oscillators, whose deterministic hamiltonian dynamics is perturbed by random
independent sign change of the velocities (a random mechanism that conserve
energy). The extremities are coupled to thermostats at different temperature
and and subject to constant forces and . If
the forces differ the center of mass of the system will
move of a speed inducing a tension gradient inside the system. Our aim is
to see the influence of the tension gradient on the thermal conductivity. We
investigate the entropy production properties of the stationary states, and we
prove the existence of the Onsager matrix defined by Green-kubo formulas
(linear response). We also prove some explicit bounds on the thermal
conductivity, depending on the temperature.Comment: Published version: J Stat Phys (2011) 145:1224-1255 DOI
10.1007/s10955-011-0385-
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