Learning to Generate Genotypes with Neural Networks

Neural networks and evolutionary computation have a rich intertwined history. They most commonly appear together when an evolutionary algorithm optimises the parameters and topology of a neural network for reinforcement learning problems, or when a neural network is applied as a surrogate fitness function to aid the evolutionary optimisation of expensive fitness functions. In this paper we take a different approach, asking the question of whether a neural network can be used to provide a mutation distribution for an evolutionary algorithm, and what advantages this approach may offer? Two modern neural network models are investigated, a Denoising Autoencoder modified to produce stochastic outputs and the Neural Autoregressive Distribution Estimator. Results show that the neural network approach to learning genotypes is able to solve many difficult discrete problems, such as MaxSat and HIFF, and regularly outperforms other evolutionary techniques

Neck atonia with a focal stimulation-induced seizure arising from the SMA: pathophysiological considerations.

A 28-year-old patient with pharmacoresistant non-lesional right frontal epilepsy underwent extra-operative intracranial EEG recordings and electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) to map eloquent cortex. Right supplementary motor area (SMA) ECS induced a brief seizure with habitual symptoms involving neck tingling followed by asymmetric tonic posturing. An additional feature was neck atonia. During atonia and sensory aura, discharges were seen in the mesial frontal electrodes and precentral gyrus. Besides motor signs, atonia, although rare and not described in the neck muscles, and sensations have been reported with SMA stimulation. The mechanisms underlying neck atonia in seizures arising from the SMA can be explained by supplementary negative motor area (SNMA) - though this was not mapped in electrodes overlying the ictal onset zone in our patient - or primary sensorimotor cortex activation through rapid propagation. Given the broad spectrum of signs elicited by SMA stimulation and rapid spread of seizures arising from the SMA, caution should be taken to not diagnose these as non-epileptic, as had previously occurred in this patient

The Milky Way: Paediatric milk-based dispersible tablets prepared by direct compression - a proof-of-concept study

Objectives: Dispersible tabletsare proposed by the World Health Organisation as the preferred paediatric formulation. It was hypothesised that tablets made from a powdered milk-base that disperse in water to form suspensions resembling milk might be a useful platform to improve acceptability in children. Methods: Milk-based dispersible tablets containing various types of powdered milk and infant formulae were formulated. The influence of milk type and content on placebo tablet properties was investigated using a design-of-experiments approach. Responses measured included friability, crushing strength, and disintegration time. Additionally, the influence of compression force on the tablet properties of a model formulation was studied by compaction simulation. Key findings: Disintegration times increased as milk content increased. Compaction simulation studies showed that compression force influenced disintegration time. These results suggest that the milk content, rather than type, and compression force were the most important determinants of disintegration. Conclusion: Up to 30% milk could be incorporated to produce 200 mg 10 mm flat-faced placebo tablets by direct compression disintegrating within 3 minutes in 5-10 ml of water, which is a realistic administration volume in children. The platform could accommodate 30% of a model API (caffeine citrate)

Brain Differently Changes Its Algorithms in Parallel Processing of Visual Information

Feedback from the visual cortex (Vl) to the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN) in macaque monkey increase contrast gain of LGN neurons for black and white (B&W) and for color (C) stimuli. LGN parvocellular cells responses to B&W gratings are enhanced by feedback multiplicatively and in contrast independent manner. However, in magnocellular neurons corticofugal pathways enhance cells responses in a contrast~dependent non-linear manner. For C stimuli cortical feedback enhances parvocellular neurons responses in a very strong contrast-dependent manner. Based on these results [13] we propose a model which includes excitatory and inhibitory effects on cells activity (shunting equations) in retina and LGN while taking into account the anatomy of cortical feedback connections. The main mechanisms related to different algorithms of the data processing in the visual brain are differences in feedback properties from Vl to parvocellular (PC) and to magnocellular (MC) neurons. Descending pathways from Vl change differently receptive field (RF) structure of PC and MC cells. For B&W stimuli, in PC cells feedback changes gain similarly in the RF center and in the RF surround, leaving PC RF structure invariant. However, feedback influence MC cells in two ways: directly and through LGN interneurons, which together changes gain and sizes of their RF center differently than gain and size of the RF surround. For C stimuli PC cells operate like MC cells for B&W. The first mechanism extracts from the stimulus an important features in a independent way from other stimulus parameters, whereas the second channel changes its tuning properties as a function of other stimulus attributes like contrast and/or spatial extension. The model suggests novel idea about the possible functional role of PC and MC pathways

JA-trie: Entropy-based packet classification

Any improvement in packet classification performance is crucial to ensure Internet functions continue to track the ever-increasing link capacities. Packet classification is the foundation of many Internet functions: from fundamental packet-forwarding to advanced features such as Quality of Service en-forcement, monitoring and security functions. This work proposes a novel trie-based classification algorithm, named Jump-Ahead Trie (JA-trie), utilizing an entropy-based pre-processing phase and a novel approach to wildcard matching. Through extensive experimental tests, we demonstrate that our proposed algorithm is able to outperform a range of state-of-the-art classification algorithms.This work was jointly supported by the EPSRC INTERNET Project EP/H040536/1, by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CNS-0855268, and by the MIUR project GreenNet (FIRB 2010).This is the accepted manuscript. The final version is available at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6900878

Large-eddy simulation of a particle-laden turbulent channel flow

Large-eddy simulations of a vertical turbulent channel flow with 420,000 solid particles are performed in order to get insight into fundamental aspects of a riser flow The question is addressed whether collisions between particles are important for the ow statistics. The turbulent channel ow corresponds to a particle volume fraction of 0.013 and a mass load ratio of 18, values that are relatively high compared to recent literature on large-eddy simulation of two-phase ows. In order to simulate this ow, we present a formulation of the equations for compressible ow in a porous medium including particle forces. These equations are solved with LES using a Taylor approximation of the dynamic subgrid-model. The results show that due to particle-uid interactions the boundary layer becomes thinner, leading to a higher skin-friction coefcient. Important effects of the particle collisions are also observed, on the mean uid prole, but even more o on particle properties. The collisions cause a less uniform particle concentration\ud and considerably atten the mean solids velocity prole

Evaluasi Program Pelatihan Keterampilan Dasar Komunikasi Bagi Siswa di SMKN 1 Godean Sleman

Evaluasi Program Pelatihan Keterampilan Dasar Komunikasi Bagi Siswa di SMKN 1 Godean Sleman. Studi evaluasi ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap keefektifan program pelatihan keterampilan dasar komunikasi bagi siswa Kelas XI Kompetensi Keahlian Administrasi Perkantoran SMKN 1 Godean Sleman. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian evaluasi dengan menggunakan model evaluasi program pelatihan dari Kirkpatrick yang mencakup empat tahap: reaction, learning, behavior, result. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta pelatihan dan pendampingan keterampilan dasar komunikasi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara dan pengamatan. Analisis data menggunakan teknik interaktif dari Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian mengungkap: (1) Reaction : tanggapan peserta terhadap pelatihan sangat positif, karena mendukung kompetensi siswa; (2) Learning: menunjukkan peserta memperoleh sumber belajar dan pengalaman dari pelatihan; (3) Behavior: adanya Perubahan keterampilan dalam berkomunikasi; (4) Result: meningkatnya keterampilan berkomunikasi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari

Field theories of paramagnetic Mott insulators

This is a summary of a central argument in recent review articles by the author (cond-mat/0109419, cond-mat/0211005, and cond-mat/0211027). An effective field theory is derived for the low energy spin singlet excitations in a paramagnetic Mott insulator with collinear spin correlations.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the International Conference on Theoretical Physics, Paris, UNESCO, July 200

HyPaFilter+: Enhanced Hybrid Packet Filtering using Hardware Assisted Classification and Header Space Analysis

Firewalls, key components for secured network in- frastructures, are faced with two different kinds of challenges: first, they must be fast enough to classify network packets at line speed, second, their packet processing capabilities should be versatile in order to support complex filtering policies. Unfortu- nately, most existing classification systems do not qualify equally well for both requirements: systems built on special-purpose hardware are fast, but limited in their filtering functionality. In contrast, software filters provide powerful matching semantics, but struggle to meet line speed. This motivates the combination of parallel, yet complexity-limited specialized circuitry with a slower, but versatile software firewall. The key challenge in such a design arises from the dependencies between classification rules due to their relative priorities within the rule set: complex rules requiring software-based processing may be interleaved at arbitrary positions between those where hardware processing is feasible. We therefore discuss approaches for partitioning and transforming rule sets for hybrid packet processing. As a result we propose HyPaFilter+, a hybrid classification system consisting of an FPGA-based hardware matcher and a Linux netfilter firewall, which provides a simple, yet effective hardware/software packet shunting algorithm. Our evaluation shows up to 30-fold throughput gains over software packet processing.We would like to acknowledge the support of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. This work was, in part, supported by the EU Horizon 2020 SSICLOPS project (grant agreement 644866)

Clinical yarning with Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander peoples-a systematic scoping review of its use and impacts.

OBJECTIVES: To explore how clinical yarning has been utilised as a health intervention for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander peoples and if there are any reported impacts yarning might have on health outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic scoping review of published literature. DATA SOURCES: A one-word search term "yarning" was applied in Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL, MEDLINE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Australian Public Affairs Information Service-Health, and the Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Health Bibliography databases. Databases were searched from inception to May 20, 2020. STUDY SELECTION: Studies were included where clinical yarning had been used as a health intervention. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed and applied according to PRISMA systematic and scoping review reporting methods. DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 375 manuscripts were found from the initial data search. After removal of duplicates and removal of manuscripts based on abstract review, a total of 61 studies underwent full-text review. Of these, only five met the inclusion criteria of utilising yarning as a clinical intervention. Four of these studies described consumer self-reported health outcomes, with only one study looking at improvements in objective physiological health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Whilst clinical yarning may be a culturally appropriate intervention in healthcare, there are limited studies that have measured the impact of this intervention. Further research may be needed to ascertain the true benefits of this intervention