44 research outputs found
Navigating the 16-dimensional Hilbert space of a high-spin donor qudit with electric and magnetic fields
Efficient scaling and flexible control are key aspects of useful quantum
computing hardware. Spins in semiconductors combine quantum information
processing with electrons, holes or nuclei, control with electric or magnetic
fields, and scalable coupling via exchange or dipole interaction. However,
accessing large Hilbert space dimensions has remained challenging, due to the
short-distance nature of the interactions. Here, we present an atom-based
semiconductor platform where a 16-dimensional Hilbert space is built by the
combined electron-nuclear states of a single antimony donor in silicon. We
demonstrate the ability to navigate this large Hilbert space using both
electric and magnetic fields, with gate fidelity exceeding 99.8% on the nuclear
spin, and unveil fine details of the system Hamiltonian and its susceptibility
to control and noise fields. These results establish high-spin donors as a rich
platform for practical quantum information and to explore quantum foundations.Comment: 31 pages and 19 figures including Supplementary Material
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Standardization as Institutional Work: The Regulatory Power of a Responsible Investment Standard
This paper conceptualizes standardization as institutional work to study the emergence of a standard and the deployment of its regulatory power. We rely on unique access to longitudinal archival data for exploring how the FTSE4Good index, a responsible investment index, emerged as a standard for socially responsible corporate behavior. Our results show how three types of standardization work - calculative framing, engaging and valorizing - support the design, legitimation and monitoring processes whereby a standard acquires its regulatory power. Our findings reveal new facets in the dynamics of standardization by approaching standardization as a product of institutional work and in showing how unintended consequences of that work can be recaptured to strengthen the regulatory power of the standard
(No) Limits to Anglo-American Accounting? Reconstructing the History of the International Accounting Standards Committee ; A Review Article
The development of the current International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) from the earlier International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) provides insight into many issues of international financial reporting, among them the characteristics of international accounting standards themselves. This article reviews Camfferman and Zeff’s [Camfferman, K., & Zeff, S. A. (2007). Financial reporting and global capital markets. A history of the international accounting standards committee 1973–2000. Oxford: Oxford University Press] volume on the organizational development of the IASC and contextualizes it in the broader literature of cross-border standardization in accounting. While having produced a seminal piece, the authors take a clear Anglo-American perspective. The downsides are insufficiencies regarding a simplistic understanding of experts and expertise, a neglect of the role of auditing firms, and only an imbalanced integration of different stakeholders
International Accounting Standards in Africa: Selective Recursivity for the "Happy Few"?
This study explores recursivity in international accounting standard‐setting, focusing on participation of actors from African countries. While the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Foundation bases its legitimacy claims as a global standard‐setter on a combination of expertise and a formally transparent set of recursive procedures for consultation of stakeholders, empirical results show that participation in the latter is geographically very uneven. The article argues that conceptual mismatch between the standard‐setter's objectives on the one hand and the socio‐economic, cultural and political conditions in many African countries on the other leads to selective recursivity that is problematic for the former's legitimacy and effectiveness. These findings are of wider relevance for debates on global standard‐setting and development
International Accounting Standards in Africa: Selective Recursivity for the 'Happy Few'?
This study explores recursivity in international accounting standard-setting, focusing on participation of actors from African countries. While the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Foundation bases its legitimacy claims as a global standard-setter on a combination of expertise and a formally transparent set of recursive procedures for consultation of stakeholders, empirical results show that participation in the latter is geographically very uneven. The article argues that conceptual mismatch between the standard-setter's objectives on the one hand and the socio-economic, cultural and political conditions in many African countries on the other leads to selective recursivity that is problematic for the former's legitimacy and effectiveness. These findings are of wider relevance for debates on global standard-setting and development
Transnational governance spirals: the transformation of rule-making authority in internet regulation and corporate financial reporting
Transnational regulation involves profound changes in the ways rules are set today. Based on two case studies on Internet governance and the regulation of corporate financial reporting, we show that transnational governance is best understood as a dynamic, non-linear process. In both fields, regulatory institutions are constantly renegotiated between public and private actors, a process which gives rise to new, hybrid, forms of authority. The hybridization of authority challenges the common distinction between public and private authority in transnational regulation. We propose to characterize the ongoing dynamics as transnational governance spirals. Our comparative analysis follows a research strategy of causal reconstruction. To that end, we identify three mechanisms serving as analytical tools to explain transnational institution building and the observed governance spirals: integration, authorization and formalization