Pemodelan Kerusakan Beton akibat Hujan Asam Menggunakan Software MATLAB

Beberapa kota di Indonesia menalam hujan dengan tingkat keasaman di bawah ambang normal. Hal ini menggambarkan bahwa air hujan tersebut masuk kategori hujan asam. Hujan asam mengakibatkan kerusakan tanaman, lingkungan air, penyakit pada manusia. Kerusakan ini pun terjadi pada bangunan konstruksi, menyebabkan beton dan tulangan keropos. Hal ini menyebabkan tingakt keawetan yang dikenal dengan durabilitas bangunan menurun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memprediksi penurunan durabilitas bangunan beton dengan membuat pemodelan menggunakan software Matlab. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen, dengan benda uji berbentuk silinder dan balok. Variasi yang digunakan adalah campuran beton menggunakan material substitusi abu sekam padi sebesar 0%, 5% dan 10% dari berat semen. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah uji tekan, uji lentur dan uji penyerapan air. Data ini dianalisis untuk membentuk suatu model durabilitas dengan bantuan software Matlab. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara variabel berbentuk hyperbolic paraboloidal dengan persamaan polynomial orde 2.Kata Kunci: Durabilitas, Beton, Polinomial, Hyperbolic Paraboloidal, Hujan Asam. Several cities in Indonesia experienced rain with acidity levels below the standard threshold. This condition illustrates that the rainwater is categorized as acid rain. Acid rain causes damage to crops, the aquatic environment, and human disease. This damage also occurred in construction buildings, causing porous concrete and reinforcement. This damage also occurs in construction buildings, causing the concrete and reinforcement to become porous, affecting the durability of the building. The purpose of this study is to predict the decrease in the durability of concrete buildings by making modeling using Matlab software. This research is experimental research with cylindrical and beam-shaped specimens. The variation used is a mixture of concrete using rice husk ash substituting 0%, 5%, and 10% by weight of cement. The tests carried out are compressive, flexural, and water absorption tests. This data was analyzed to form a durability model with the help of Matlab software. The results showed that the durability modeling was in the form of a hyperbolic paraboloidal with a second-order polynomial equation.Keywords: Durability, Concrete, Polynomial, Hyperbolic Paraboloidal, Acid Rain

EVALUATING RISK FACTORS, CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC PROFILE OF STROKE PATIENTS PRESENTING TO A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Objective: According to the World Health Organization, stroke is the second leading cause of death for people above the age of 60 years, and the fifth leading cause in people aged 15–59 years old. This study mainly aims to evaluate the prevalence of risk factors, clinical features, pattern of drugs prescribed, and severity of stroke among patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital on 210 patients for a period of 6 months. Patients aged 18 years and above were included in the study. The severity of stroke was assessed using National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Results: The majority of the patients were under the age group of 61–70 years (31%). The incidence of ischemic stroke (81%) was more common compared to hemorrhagic stroke (19%). Males (66%) are prone to stroke compared to females (34%). The most common risk factor was hyperlipidemia (29%) followed by hypertension (17%). Antihypertensives (28%) were most commonly used drugs followed by antihyperlipidemics (23%). Most of the prescriptions were prescribed with 4–6 drugs per prescription (62%). Moderate stroke (69%) was most commonly observed in patients. A total of 147 drug-drug interactions were observed. Among 147 drug-drug interaction, the most commonly observed drug-drug interaction was aspirin with metformin (15%). Conclusion: The present study emphasizes on the need to identify risk factors and providing awareness among the patients by a pharmacist in minimizing the disease burden. Early identification of risk factors and pattern of therapy based on therapeutic guidelines plays a crucial role in qualitative patient care

Mutations that alter the regulation of the chb operon of Escherichia coli allow utilization of cellobiose

Wild-type strains of Escherichia coli are normally unable to metabolize cellobiose. However, cellobiose-positive (Cel+) mutants arise upon prolonged incubation on media containing cellobiose as the sole carbon source. We show that the Cel+ derivatives carry two classes of mutations that act concertedly to alter the regulation of the chb operon involved in the utilization of N,N'-diacetylchitobiose. These consist of mutations that abrogate negative regulation by the repressor NagC as well as single base-pair changes in the transcriptional regulator chbR that translate into single-amino-acid substitutions. Introduction of chbR from two Cel+ mutants resulted in activation of transcription from the chb promoter at a higher level in the presence of cellobiose, in reporter strains carrying disruptions of the chromosomal chbR and nagC. These transformants also showed a Cel+ phenotype on MacConkey cellobiose medium, suggesting that the wild-type permease and phospho-β-glucosidase, upon induction, could recognize, transport and cleave cellobiose respectively. This was confirmed by expressing the wild-type genes encoding the permease and phospho-β-glucosidase under a heterologous promoter. Biochemical characterization of one of the chbR mutants, chbRN238S, showed that the mutant regulator makes stronger contact with the target DNA sequence within the chb promoter and has enhanced recognition of cellobiose 6-phosphate as an inducer compared with the wild-type regulator

USED PATTERN OF METALS AND MINERALS IN ASHTANG HRIDAYA: THE BIRDS EYE VIEW

Human evolution and progress has count mainly on the discovery of metals. Primitive man used metals first time for making apparatuses and weaponries; as the information advances metals played a significant role in development of agriculture, transport arts, crafts and health care. Ayurveda have faith in the principle of YatPinde Tat Bramhande and therefore all these naturally occurring metals and minerals have major role in restoration of human health and treatment of any kind of illness. Classical treatise Ashtanga Hridaya is a very popular book among the physicians among south India. In this classic, eight types of Dhatu (metals), varieties of Ratna-Uparatna (precious stones and minerals) are mentioned for different purposes. Here an attempt is made to collect all these information of metals and minerals in a collective form to analyse their used pattern in therapeutic, Diagnostic (Nidana Panchaka), Pharmaceutical Benefits, Dincharya/ Pathya- Apathya, Panchakarma and Surgical/Para Surgical Procedure. All these metals and minerals are used in different formulations like Sneha (Oil &Ghee), Sandhana (Fermentation), Churna (powder), Vati (tablet), Lepa (Caoting powder) & Anjana (Collyrium). Human body is composed of almost every natural element found in nature and our civilization is completely reliant on metals and the science of metallurgy is now one of the most widely documented and researched material science

Survey on Student Attendance System based on Data Analytics

Abstract: As Attendance is mandatory in every schools and colleges we developed Student Attendance System Based on Data Analytics which is developed with both web interface and mobile application. With the help of web interface admin registers the authorized faculty to the system. Mobile application is used by faculty to take attendance with the help of a smart phone and save it to the server. Admin has the privileges to view the attendance uploaded by the faculty, to make any changes in the attendance and finally generate the report and also maintain database

Variation in perception of environmental changes in nine Solomon Islands communities : implications for securing fairness in community-based adaptation

Community-based approaches are pursued in recognition of the need for place-based responses to environmental change that integrate local understandings of risk and vulnerability. Yet the potential for fair adaptation is intimately linked to how variations in perceptions of environmental change and risk are treated. There is, however, little empirical evidence of the extent and nature of variations in risk perception in and between multiple community settings. Here, we rely on data from 231 semi-structured interviews conducted in nine communities in Western Province, Solomon Islands, to statistically model differential perceptions of risk and change within and between communities. Overall, people were found to be less likely to perceive environmental changes in the marine environment than they were for terrestrial systems. The distance to the nearest market town (which may be a proxy for exposure to commercial logging and degree of involvement with the market economy) and gender had the greatest overall statistical effects on perceptions of risk. Yet, we also find that significant environmental change is under reported in communities, while variations in perception are not always easily related to commonly assumed fault lines of vulnerability. The findings suggest that there is an urgent need for methods that engage with the drivers of perceptions as part of community-based approaches. In particular, it is important to explicitly account for place, complexity and diversity of environmental risk perceptions, and we reinforce calls to engage seriously with underlying questions of power, culture, identity and practice that influence adaptive capacity and risk perception