Optical spectroscopy of single beryllium acceptors in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well

We carry out microphotoluminescence measurements of an acceptor-bound exciton (A^0X) recombination in the applied magnetic field with a single impurity resolution. In order to describe the obtained spectra we develop a theoretical model taking into account a quantum well (QW) confinement, an electron-hole and hole-hole exchange interaction. By means of fitting the measured data with the model we are able to study the fine structure of individual acceptors inside the QW. The good agreement between our experiments and the model indicates that we observe single acceptors in a pure two-dimensional environment whose states are unstrained in the QW plain

Resource-efficient low-loss four-channel active demultiplexer for single photons

We report a design and implementation of a resource-efficient spatial demultiplexer which produces 4 indistinguishable photons with efficiency of 39.7% per channel. Our scheme is based on a free-space storage/delay line which accumulates 4 photons and releases them by a controlled polarization rotation using a single Pockels cell.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

INVASIVE ASPERGILLOSIS IN AN ADOLESCENT

The article presents the clinical case of invasive aspergillosis in a 15-year-old adolescent with lesions in the spine, ribs and both lungs, and primary immune deficiency which was not diagnosed earlier. In order to diagnose this disease it was necessary to differentiate it from the generalized form of tuberculosis and to perform integral X-ray examination and surgery with consequent morphological and bacteriological examination of the surgical samples

КЛИНИКО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ КАСПОФУНГИНА ДЛЯ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ИНВАЗИВНОГО КАНДИДОЗА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ В ОТДЕЛЕНИЯХ РЕАНИМАЦИИ И ИНТЕНСИВНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ

Candida spp. are the fourth on the list of sepsis pathogens in patients in intensive care units. Currently the physician’s armamentarium includes a whole range of antifungal medicines that have demonstrated high clinicalmycological effectiveness in clinical trials. The aim of this study to evaluate the clinical-economic usefulness of caspofungin therapy in the treatment of invasive candidiasis versus standard and alternative treatments in patients inintensive care units. The first time in the Russian clinical-economic analysis for targeted IC treatment in non-neutropenic patients in intensive care units who have not received primary prophylaxis with azole antimycotics, as well as in those with low (< 20%) occurrence of in vitro Candida spp. resistance to fluconazole according to national or local study results, yielded the following findings: the best strategy is initial amphotericin B therapy with subsequent switching to caspofungin in patients with ineffective initial amphotericin B therapy or those with severe adverse events.Инвазивный кандидоз (ИК) занимает третье – четвертое место среди причин сепсиса в отделениях реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ). Авторы впервые в российских экономических условиях при помощи методов математического моделирования провели клинико-экономическое исследование лечения ИК. В модель включали находящихся в ОРИТ пациентов без нейтропении, получивших первичную профилактику азольными антимикотиками и/или при высокой (≥ 20%) частоте резистентных к флуконазолу Candida spp. по данным национальных или локальных исследований. В качестве стартовой модели терапии ИК изучали применение каспофунгина или амфотерицина В. При неэффективности стартового лечения ИК амфотерицином В анализировали применение каспофунгина или липидного комплекса амфотерицина В. При неэффективности стартового лечения ИК каспофунгином анализировали применение липидного комплекса амфотерицина В. Были также проведены альтернативный сценарий и односторонний анализ чувствительности. В результате было показано, что в современных российских условиях с учетом высокого уровня резистентности in vitro Candida spp. к флуконазолу наиболее целесообразной является стратегия стартового применения амфотерицина В с последующим использованием каспофунгина в случае неэффективности стартовой терапии амфотерицином В или выраженных нежелательных явлений

Диссеминированный мукормикоз у больного острым лимфобластным лейкозом (клинический случай)

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BASOPHILE ACTIVATION TEST FOR THE DIAGNOSTICS OF FUNGAL SENSITIZATION IN THE PATIENTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS

Aspergillus fumigatus colonization in the patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) may cause sensitization against A. fumigatus and/or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), which significantly worsens the course of underlying disease. At the present time, new diagnostic tests are searched for detection of fungal sensitization in these patients. The aim of this work was to evaluate an opportunity of application of basophile activation test with A. fumigatus allergen in vitro using flow cytometry, aiming for identification of fungal sensitization in the CF patients. The study included 190 patients with CF aged 1 to 37 years. All the patients underwent common allergy screening (skin tests with fungal allergens, determination of serum levels of total IgE and specific IgE for the fungal allergens), and mycological examination (microscopy and culture of respiratory substrates). Computed tomography of the chest was performed upon clinical indications. The basophil activation test with the A. fumigatus allergen was performed in 10 CF patients with ABPA, and 10 CF patients without ABPA, in addition to the standard allergological examination. Frequency of sensitization to A. fumigatus in the patients with cystic fibrosis was 27%, the incidence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis was 5.7%. The number of eosinophils, total IgE and specific IgE levels in CF patients with ABPA were significantly higher than in CF patients without ABPA. In blood of the ABPA patients we have identified 68.5 (52.5-81.5%) of basophilic leukocytes activated by A. fumigatus allergen, with a stimulation index of 17.07 (10.30-27.70). In appropriate comparison group, the stimulation index did not exceed 1.5 (p = 0.000). Direct positive correlation between the levels of specific IgE to A. fumigatus and the number of basophils activated by A. fumigatus allergens was revealed (r = 0.77; р < 0.05). FVC values and the body mass index in CF patients with ABPA were significantly lower when compared with the patients without fungal sensitization. Introduction of the basophil activation test, along with standard techniques, may enable a more differentiated assessment of ABPA development in CF patients. Timely detection of associations between A. fumigatus sensitization and clinical status of CF patients will facilitate early and effective administration of specific therapy