Treatment of Tannery Effluents- A Comparative Study Between Mesoporous Carbon And Carbon/Silica as Adsorbents

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Comparative analysis of conventional methods with catridge based PCR method in the diagnosis of paediatric tuberculosis

BACKGROUND: India has one of the highest tuberculosis (TB) burdens globally, accounting for 20% of the new 8.6 million TB cases annually. The burden of childhood TB in India is not clear, due to lack of ideal diagnostic methods. The annual risk of tuberculosis in children is around 2-5%. Drug-resistant (DR)strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are also highly prevalent among young children. The death rate among children due to tuberculosis is nearly 8-20%. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The primary aim of this study is to compare CBNAAT with the conventional methods (ZN, Kinyoun, LJ culture, CBNAAT) in the diagnosis of Paediatric Tuberculosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: METHODOLOGY: Ethical clearance obtained from our institution.This is a cross sectional study over a period of 17 months. A total of 115 samples (pulmonary and extra pulmonary samples- Gastric washings, Pleural fluid, Ascitic fluid, BAL fluid, Lymph node aspirate from suspected children are collected in sterile falcon tubes. A part of the sample is used for Ziehl Neelson, kinyoun acid fast staining, auramine fluorescent staining and LJ culture after proper decontamination techniques using petroff’s method. Another part of the sample is used for CBNAAT. The sensitivity of each investigation in the detection of Peadiatric tuberculosis will be determined and the data will be subjected for statistical analysis. RESULTS: o A total of n=115 children were included in the study. The overall detection rate of tuberculosis among the study population was 4.3%. The rifampicin resistance rate detected among them was 0.9%. o The detection rates of paediatric tuberculosis using the conventional methods like acid fast staining, Fluorescent staining and LJ culture were 0.9%, 1.7% and 2.6% respectively. The detection rate using CBNAAT was increased to 4.34%. Thus, CBNAAT detected more positives (5/115) than other conventional methods. CONCLUSION: Among the methods which were used for the diagnosis of paediatric tuberculosis, CBNAAT was advantageous as it could detect more cases which are missed by other conventional methods

Minimizing Energy Consumption Using Internet of Things

Now a days using of internet is growing faster. All things are connected using internet. Internet of things means connecting all the devices using internet. These issues become crucial in large scale of IoT environments which are composed of thousands of distributed devices. The more number of distributed systems consumes more amount of energy. This paper is to minimize energy during data transfer and to minimize loss of packets and time delay. In this we are using Ant Colony Optimization algorithm for clustering the data nodes and transferring data with less energy consumption

Variación en la morfología de semillas y parámetros de aceites seleccionados de lilas india (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) de diferentes zonas agroclimáticas de Tamil Nadu, India

Tamil Nadu, in southern India, has the second-largest number of neem trees in the country. The oil from the seeds has high economic significance for cottage industries in the region. This paper examines 28 Candidate Plus Trees (CPTs) selected from six agroclimatic zones in Tamil Nadu which exhibit exceptional traits such as superior growth and other desirable characteristics. We aimed to understand seed morphology variations and physicochemical properties in the oil across different regions. Significant differences were observed for morphometric traits. Fruit production correlated negatively with rainfall. 100-seed kernel weight and seed length correlated with oil percentage. Rainfall influenced seed breadth and pericarp weight. Clustering using morphological characters did not group genotypes from the same region; while soil type could distinguish them. Correlation helped us determine the prominent features which influence the traits of interest, which can be useful for breeding programs, cultivation practices, and the development of neem-based products in Tamil Nadu and beyond.Tamil Nadu, en el sur de la India, tiene el segundo mayor número de árboles de lilas india del país. El aceite de las semillas tiene una gran importancia económica para las industrias artesanales de la región. En este trabajo se examinan 28 árboles Candidate Plus (CPT) seleccionados de seis zonas agroclimáticas en Tamil Nadu, que exhiben rasgos excepcionales como un crecimiento superior y otras características deseables. Nuestro objetivo era comprender las variaciones de la morfología de las semillas y las propiedades fisicoquímicas del aceite en diferentes regiones. Se observaron diferencias significativas para los rasgos morfométricos. La producción de frutos se correlacionó negativamente con las precipitaciones. El peso de 100 semillas y granos y la longitud de la semilla se correlacionaron con el porcentaje de aceite. Las lluvias influyeron en el ancho de la semilla y el peso del pericarpio. El agrupamiento utilizando caracteres morfológicos no agrupó genotipos de una misma región, mientras que el tipo de suelo pudo distinguirlos. La correlación nos ayudó a diseccionar las características prominentes que influyen en las características de interés, que pueden informar los programas de reproducción, las prácticas de cultivo y el desarrollo de productos a base de neem en Tamil Nadu y más allá

ISOLATION AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY ANALYSIS OF CONDITIONAL AMINO ACIDS FROM THE FRESH LEAVES OF ALTERNANTHERA SESSILIS

Objective: The objective of the study was to isolate the conditional amino acids present in the fresh leaves extracts of Alternanthera sessilis and compare the isolated amino acids with amino acid standards. Method: The fresh plant material was used for extraction. For the extracted sample solution, paper chromatography and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprinting analysis were then carried out. Results: Since A. sessilis is rich in protein, various amino acids have been isolated in aggregates and paper chromatography has been performed. Amino acids were separated and identified using trial and error method. Cysteine, glycine, aspartic acid, and proline are the standard amino acids used for comparing with the isolated amino acids by HPTLC fingerprint analysis, which gives an idea for the authentication of the plant, its constituents and also provides a parameter for quality control. Conclusion: The results scientifically validate the use of A. sessilis in the traditional medicine and also as a food

Efficient Classification of Satellite Image with Hybrid Approach Using CNN-CA

Today, satellite imagery is being utilized to help repair and restore societal issues caused by habitats for a variety of scientific studies. Water resource search, environmental protection simulations, meteorological analysis, and soil class analysis may all benefit from the satellite images. The categorization algorithms were used generally and the most appropriate strategies are also be used for analyzing the Satellite image. There are several normal classification mechanisms, such as optimum likelihood, parallel piping or minimum distance classification that have presented in some other existing technologies. But the traditional classification algorithm has some disadvantages. Convolutional neural network (CNN) classification based on CA was implemented in this article. Using the gray level Satellite image as the target and CNN image classification by the CA’s selfiteration mechanism and eventually explores the efficacy and viability of the proposed method in long-term satellite remote sensing image water body classification. Our findings indicate that the proposed method not only has rapid convergence speed, reliability but can also efficiently classify satellite remote sensing images with long-term sequence and reasonable applicability. The proposed technique acquires an accuracy of 91% which is maximum than conventional methods

Study on drug utilization pattern in conservative management of patients with pancreatitis in a tertiary care teaching hospital

Background: Drug utilization plays a key role in helping the healthcare system to understand, interpret and improve the prescribing, administration and use of medications. The objective of the study was to assess the drug utilization pattern of drugs prescribed in conservative management of pancreatitis patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in department of surgery, Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University. The study period was six months from November 2019 to April 2020. A total of 115 patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: The study population containing of 90% (n=104) males and 10% (n=11) females were included in the study. Most of the patients between age group of 25-44 years (48%). The most common etiology was alcoholic 68% (n=78). 7% of population with comorbidities (5% hypertension, 2% diabetes mellitus). In analgesics, tramadol (28%) and in antibiotics cefotaxime 21% was most prescribed. Lactated ringer solution (36%) was prescribed most as intravenous hydration. 7% (n=8) and 3% (n=4) of patients receiving enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition. The average number of drugs per prescription was 8.5. Out of 1205 drugs, 61% of drugs prescribed in generic form, 39% were prescribed in brand name. The study analyzed that 69% of drugs were prescribed from essential drugs list (EDL) 2019 and 84% drugs prescribed from national list of essential medicines (NLEM) 2015. Number of prescriptions with injection were 79.07%. The overall antibiotic encounter rate 15%. Prescribed daily dose/defined daily dose (PDD/DDD) ratio of folic acid was 5.Conclusions: Drug utilization study can help in evaluating the quality of care given to the pancreatitis patients and promote rational use of medicines

Preparation and characterisation of Nylon/PEG/PAN composite membrane for liquid filtration

A novel method has been proposed to prepare a Nylon/PEG/PAN composite membrane for the improvement of electrospun PAN fibre properties and filtration efficiency. Polyacrylonitrile fibre has been prepared by electrospinning technique. Different proportions of blended mixture of Nylon and PEG are prepared separately. Blended mixture of Nylon and PEG is poured over the electrospun PAN to prepare a Nylon/PEG/PAN composite membrane. The prepared Nylon/PEG/PAN composite membrane and Nylon/PEG membrane are characterized by using optical microscope, porosimeter, X-ray diffractometer and thermogravimetric analysis. Filtration efficiency of the prepared Nylon/PEG/PAN composite membrane is studied using pure water flux and oil water emulsion methods. The 50/50 proportion of Nylon and PEG has been identified for getting uniform and evenly distributed pores and also it shows around 80% of solute rejection, whereas 60/40 proportion shows little bit higher percentage due to higher proportion of Nylon. Thus, the pure water flux of 60/40 and 50/50 PAN/PEG/Nylon membranes met with the recommended pure water flux

Bacillus cereus KLUVAA Mediated Biocement Production Using Hard Water and Urea

In the present study, a potential bacterial strain with maximum urease activity was isolated from urea-rich paddy field soil for biocement production. The bacterial isolate was screened using Christensen selective agar media and named as KLUVAA. This isolate was found to be tolerant up to 10 % urea. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis identified the isolate KLUVAA as Bacillus cereus. Biocement production was carried out using tap water with 431.7 mg L–1 of hardness as a natural source of calcium. Functional groups present in biocement were analysed using FT-IR spectrum. The morphology and elemental composition of the biocement was studied using SEM with EDS mapping and XRD analyses. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to study the thermal stability of the microbial biocement. Further, process parameters were optimized for enhancing the yield of biocement. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Evaluation of awareness about obesity among general public visiting the tertiary care hospital

Background: Obesity is one of the fastest growing threats of health and well-being for both developed and developing countries. The aim of the study was to evaluate the awareness about obesity among general public.Methods: After obtaining institutional ethics committee approval and written informed consent from the participants, anthropometric measures like height, weight, hip and waist circumference for computing body mass index and waist hip ratio were taken. Using portable bioelectric impedance analyzer body fat percentage was measured. A validated questionnaire including socio demographic details and questions evaluating the awareness about obesity were given to the participants.Results: Totally 100 participants were evaluated, of which majority being female. Mean height of the male and female participants was 164 and 152cm respectively. Similarly, mean weight was found to be 72 and 65 kg. Based on the body mass index only 19% participants were within normal range, remaining 81% were overweight and obese. Percent body fat and waist hip ratio was found to be increased in both sexes. Majority of the participants were aware that obesity is associated with health problems but most of them were unaware how it is measured and the dietary foods to be taken to reduce obesity. However 64% participants think that obesity can reduce the life expectancy of the individual.Conclusions: Majority of the participants were obese and overweight while awareness about preventive measures was still lacking. Hence health care personnel need to take greater effort to educate and inform people about the implications