Atomic and nano-scale characterization of a 50-year-old hydrated C3S paste

This paper investigates the atomic and nano-scale structures of a 50-year-old hydrated alite paste. Imaged by TEM, the outer product C-S-H fibers are composed of particles that are 1.5-2 nm thick and several tens of nanometers long. 29Si NMR shows 47.9% Q1 and 52.1% Q2, with a mean SiO4 tetrahedron chain length (MCL) of 4.18, indicating a limited degree of polymerization after 50 years' hydration. A Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM) study was conducted on this late-age paste and a 1.5 year old hydrated C3S solution. Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) at Ca L3,2-edge indicates that Ca2 + in C-S-H is in an irregular symmetric coordination, which agrees more with the atomic structure of tobermorite than that of jennite. At Si K-edge, multi-scattering phenomenon is sensitive to the degree of polymerization, which has the potential to unveil the structure of the SiO44 - tetrahedron chain

Room temperature spin coherence in ZnO

Time-resolved optical techniques are used to explore electron spin dynamics in bulk and epilayer samples of n-type ZnO as a function of temperature and magnetic field. The bulk sample yields a spin coherence time T2* of 20 ns at T = 30 K. Epilayer samples, grown by pulsed laser deposition, show a maximum T2* of 2 ns at T = 10 K, with spin precession persisting up to T = 280 K.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figure

Shock Diffraction by Convex Cornered Wedges for the Nonlinear Wave System

We are concerned with rigorous mathematical analysis of shock diffraction by two-dimensional convex cornered wedges in compressible fluid flow governed by the nonlinear wave system. This shock diffraction problem can be formulated as a boundary value problem for second-order nonlinear partial differential equations of mixed elliptic-hyperbolic type in an unbounded domain. It can be further reformulated as a free boundary problem for nonlinear degenerate elliptic equations of second order. We establish a first global theory of existence and regularity for this shock diffraction problem. In particular, we establish that the optimal regularity for the solution is $C^{0,1}$ across the degenerate sonic boundary. To achieve this, we develop several mathematical ideas and techniques, which are also useful for other related problems involving similar analytical difficulties.Comment: 50 pages;7 figure

Stability Of contact discontinuity for steady Euler System in infinite duct

In this paper, we prove structural stability of contact discontinuities for full Euler system

Distributed Graph Clustering using Modularity and Map Equation

We study large-scale, distributed graph clustering. Given an undirected graph, our objective is to partition the nodes into disjoint sets called clusters. A cluster should contain many internal edges while being sparsely connected to other clusters. In the context of a social network, a cluster could be a group of friends. Modularity and map equation are established formalizations of this internally-dense-externally-sparse principle. We present two versions of a simple distributed algorithm to optimize both measures. They are based on Thrill, a distributed big data processing framework that implements an extended MapReduce model. The algorithms for the two measures, DSLM-Mod and DSLM-Map, differ only slightly. Adapting them for similar quality measures is straight-forward. We conduct an extensive experimental study on real-world graphs and on synthetic benchmark graphs with up to 68 billion edges. Our algorithms are fast while detecting clusterings similar to those detected by other sequential, parallel and distributed clustering algorithms. Compared to the distributed GossipMap algorithm, DSLM-Map needs less memory, is up to an order of magnitude faster and achieves better quality.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures; v3: Camera ready for Euro-Par 2018, more details, more results; v2: extended experiments to include comparison with competing algorithms, shortened for submission to Euro-Par 201

Unusual Higgs or Supersymmetry from Natural Electroweak Symmetry Breaking

This review provides an elementary discussion of electroweak symmetry breaking in the minimal and the next-to-minimal supersymmetric models with the focus on the fine-tuning problem -- the tension between natural electroweak symmetry breaking and the direct search limit on the Higgs boson mass. Two generic solutions of the fine-tuning problem are discussed in detail: models with unusual Higgs decays; and models with unusual pattern of soft supersymmetry breaking parameters.Comment: 23 pages, 6 figures; invited review by MPL

Consistency of QTL for Dollar Spot Resistance Between Greenhouse and Field Inoculations, Multiple Locations, and Different Population Sizes in Creeping Bentgrass

Dollar spot caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa F. T. Bennett is the most economically important turf disease in North America. Previous work indicated differences among cultivars in their susceptibility to dollar spot (Bonos et al., 2003). Studies have indicated that dollar spot resistance might be quantitatively inherited (Bonos et al., 2003) but the number, location and effect of genomic regions conferring resistance is still not known. Therefore the objective of this research is to understand the effect of population size, inoculation assays, and field locations on QTL for dollar spot resistance in creeping bentgrass

Transonic Shocks In Multidimensional Divergent Nozzles

We establish existence, uniqueness and stability of transonic shocks for steady compressible non-isentropic potential flow system in a multidimensional divergent nozzle with an arbitrary smooth cross-section, for a prescribed exit pressure. The proof is based on solving a free boundary problem for a system of partial differential equations consisting of an elliptic equation and a transport equation. In the process, we obtain unique solvability for a class of transport equations with velocity fields of weak regularity(non-Lipschitz), an infinite dimensional weak implicit mapping theorem which does not require continuous Frechet differentiability, and regularity theory for a class of elliptic partial differential equations with discontinuous oblique boundary conditions.Comment: 54 page

FIIs and Indian Stock Market: A Causality Investigation

While the volatility associated with portfolio capital flows is well known, there is also a concern that foreign institutional investors might introduce distortions in the host country markets due to the pressure on them to secure capital gains. In this context, present chapter attempts to find out the direction of causality between foreign institutional investors (FIIs) and performance of Indian stock market. To facilitate a better understanding of the causal linkage between FII flows and contemporaneous stock market returns (BSE National Index), a period of nineteen consecutive financial years ranging from January 1992 to December 2010 is selected. Granger Causality Test has been applied to test the direction of causality.Aczkolwiek brak stabilności związany z przepływami kapitału portfelowego jest dobrze znany, to istnieje również obawa, że zagraniczni inwestorzy instytucjonalni mogą wprowadzać zakłócenia na rynkach krajów przyjmujących z uwagi na wywieraną na nich presję, aby zapewniać zyski kapitałowe. W tym kontekście niniejszy rozdział próbuje poznać kierunek przyczynowości pomiędzy zagranicznymi inwestorami instytucjonalnymi (FIIs) i działaniem indyjskiej giełdy. Aby ułatwić lepsze zrozumienie związku przyczynowego między przepływami FII i mającymi miejsce w tym samym czasie wynikami giełdy papierów wartościowych (BSE National Index), wybrany został okres dziewiętnastu kolejnych lat począwszy od stycznia 1992 do grudnia 2010. Do zbadania kierunku przyczynowości zastosowano test przyczynowości Grangera

Construction of the Hill48 and Yld89 for Auto-body Steel Sheets considering the Strain Rate

This paper deals with the anisotropic material properties and the initial yield locus considering the strain rate. Uni-axial tensile tests are performed with variation of the strain rate in order to obtain flow stress curves and the tensile properties. The R-values have been measured with a high speed camera by analyzing the deformation history during the tensile test. Anisotropy of auto-body steel sheets have been described by using Hill48 and Yld89 (Barlat89) yield functions according to the strain rate ranged from 0.001/sec to 100/sec. Hill48 and Yld89 yield loci of auto-body steel sheets at various strain rates have been constructed in order to visualize the initial yield state. The performance of two yield criteria is evaluated by comparing yield loci constructed in the principal stress plane. The initial yield locus becomes different from the static one when the strain rate is considered to describe the anisotropy of the steel sheets