Proximity Full-Text Search with a Response Time Guarantee by Means of Additional Indexes

Full-text search engines are important tools for information retrieval. Term proximity is an important factor in relevance score measurement. In a proximity full-text search, we assume that a relevant document contains query terms near each other, especially if the query terms are frequently occurring words. A methodology for high-performance full-text query execution is discussed. We build additional indexes to achieve better efficiency. For a word that occurs in the text, we include in the indexes some information about nearby words. What types of additional indexes do we use? How do we use them? These questions are discussed in this work. We present the results of experiments showing that the average time of search query execution is 44-45 times less than that required when using ordinary inverted indexes. This is a pre-print of a contribution "Veretennikov A.B. Proximity Full-Text Search with a Response Time Guarantee by Means of Additional Indexes" published in "Arai K., Kapoor S., Bhatia R. (eds) Intelligent Systems and Applications. IntelliSys 2018. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 868" published by Springer, Cham. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01054-6_66. The work was supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, contract no 02.A03.21.0006.Comment: Alexander B. Veretennikov. Chair of Calculation Mathematics and Computer Science, INSM. Ural Federal Universit

Le marché des stupéfiants dans le canton de Vaud. Partie 1 : les opioïdes

Le projet « Structure et produits du marché des stupéfiants » (MARSTUP) est né d'une volonté de collaboration de trois Instituts de recherche lausannois qui travaillent depuis de nombreuses années sur la question des stupéfiants : Addiction Suisse, l'Ecole des sciences criminelles (ESC) de l'Université de Lausanne et l'Institut universitaire de médecine sociale et préventive (IUMSP) du CHUV. Tous trois ont pris conscience de l'intérêt d'étudier cette dimension souvent ignorée de la problématique des stupéfiants. L'objectif de la collaboration est de développer une compréhension de la structure et de l’organisation du marché des stupéfiants qui puisse contribuer à l'amélioration des politiques publiques et à promouvoir des débats plus factuels à ce sujet. Il s'agit aussi de développer un outil de monitorage qui permette de suivre l’évolution temporelle de ce marché. Le canton de Vaud a accepté de cofinancer ce projet et un groupe d'accompagnement, formé de professionnels de la santé publique et de la sécurité, a été constitué. Le projet a été divisé en trois parties successives: le marché des opioïdes, celui des stimulants et celui des cannabinoïdes. Chacun fait l'objet d'une analyse de marché à quatre niveaux: les produits proposés, les volumes consommés, la structure et organisation du marché, et sa valeur. Les données utilisées comprennent des enquêtes et statistiques existantes, ainsi que de nouvelles études, notamment des entretiens auprès des professionnels concernés par ce marché et avec des usagers de stupéfiants. Les analyses des eaux usées et celles du contenu résiduel des seringues usagées ont aussi été intégrées dans le projet. Il s'agit de la première étude interdisciplinaire de ce type en Suisse. Le présent rapport – le premier du projet – porte sur le marché des opioïdes

Anomalous expansion and phonon damping due to the Co spin-state transition in RCoO_3 with R = La, Pr, Nd and Eu

We present a combined study of the thermal expansion and the thermal conductivity of the perovskite series RCoO_3 with R = La, Nd, Pr and Eu. The well-known spin-state transition in LaCoO_3 is strongly affected by the exchange of the R ions due to their different ionic radii, i.e. chemical pressure. This can be monitored in detail by measurements of the thermal expansion, which is a highly sensitive probe for detecting spin-state transitions. The Co ions in the higher spin state act as additional scattering centers for phonons, therefore suppressing the phonon thermal conductivity. Based on the analysis of the interplay between spin-state transition and heat transport, we present a quantitative model of the thermal conductivity for the entire series. In PrCoO_3, an additional scattering effect is active at low temperatures. This effect arises from the crystal field splitting of the 4f multiplet, which allows for resonant scattering of phonons between the various 4f levels.Comment: 15 pages including 5 figure

Attention bias and anxiety in young children exposed to family violence

Background—Attention bias towards threat is associated with anxiety in older youth and adults and has been linked with violence exposure. Attention bias may moderate the relationship between violence exposure and anxiety in young children. Capitalizing on measurement advances, the current study examines these relationships at a younger age than previously possible. Methods—Young children (mean age 4.7, ±0.8) from a cross-sectional sample oversampled for violence exposure (N = 218) completed the dot-probe task to assess their attention biases. Observed fear/anxiety was characterized with a novel observational paradigm, the Anxiety Diagnostic Observation Schedule. Mother-reported symptoms were assessed with the Preschool-Age Psychiatric Assessment and Trauma Symptom Checklist for Young Children. Violence exposure was characterized with dimensional scores reflecting probability of membership in two classes derived via latent class analysis from the Conflict Tactics Scales: Abuse and Harsh Parenting. Results—Family violence predicted greater child anxiety and trauma symptoms. Attention bias moderated the relationship between violence and anxiety

An assessment of host preference, reproductive suitability and feeding injury of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, on selected vegetables

The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Heteroptera), is an invasive insect from Asia that has become a major agricultural pest of field and vegetable crops in the Mid-Atlantic States. A field study was conducted to asses the seasonal abundance, host plant preference, reproductive suitability, and injury potential of H. haly on green bean, sweet corn, eggplant, okra and bell pepper. H. halys abundance, life stage phenology, and resulting feeding injury were monitored biweekly throughout the growing season. Overall seasonal abundance consisted of both overwintered adults and their F1 progeny. Sweet corn, okra and bell pepper had significantly higher abundances of H. halys compared to green bean, eggplant, and tomato. Eggplant, okra and bell pepper were the most suitable host plants for H. halys reproduction and development. Sweet corn, okra, bell pepper and tomato were very susceptible to feeding injury and experienced the highest injury rate per stink bug day. The implications of these findings with respect to sampling and management of H. halys in vegetable production are discussed

Spin-State Transition and Metal-Insulator Transition in La1−x_{1-x}Eux_xCoO3_3}

We present a study of the structure, the electric resistivity, the magnetic susceptibility, and the thermal expansion of La$_{1-x}$Eu$_x$CoO$_3$. LaCoO$_3$ shows a temperature-induced spin-state transition around 100 K and a metal-insulator transition around 500 K. Partial substitution of La$^{3+}$ by the smaller Eu$^{3+}$ causes chemical pressure and leads to a drastic increase of the spin gap from about 190 K in LaCoO$_3$ to about 2000 K in EuCoO$_3$, so that the spin-state transition is shifted to much higher temperatures. A combined analysis of thermal expansion and susceptibility gives evidence that the spin-state transition has to be attributed to a population of an intermediate-spin state with orbital order for $x<0.5$ and without orbital order for larger $x$. In contrast to the spin-state transition, the metal-insulator transition is shifted only moderately to higher temperatures with increasing Eu content, showing that the metal-insulator transition occurs independently from the spin-state distribution of the Co$^{3+}$ ions. Around the metal-insulator transition the magnetic susceptibility shows a similar increase for all $x$ and approaches a doping-independent value around 1000 K indicating that well above the metal-insulator transition the same spin state is approached for all $x$.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

Analysis of residual content of used syringes collected from low threshold facilities in Lausanne, Switzerland.

For the first time in Switzerland, an analysis of residual contents from used syringes collected from low threshold facilities was performed. This preliminary study is part of a wider project aiming to understand patterns of injecting drug use over time. Among the 100,000 syringes exchanged annually by the ABS foundation (Accueil Bas Seuil), 113 were collected following a purposive sampling method and analysed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Four syringes (4% of the sample population) contained no substances take into consideration the limit of the method. Cocaine was the most commonly observed compound and was detected in 77 syringes (68%), whilst users reported syringes with cocaine among those analysed in this study. Heroin was detected in 49 syringes (43%) and reported by 53 users returning syringes; midazolam was detected in 31 syringes (27%) and reported as the medicine Dormicum(®) in 22 occurrences. No new or unusual illicit drug was detected in the sample. The results show the presence of cocaine in more than half of the sample, an absence of new or unusual illicit drugs, as well as very few traces of methadone, which suggests that this substitution drug is rarely injected. This preliminary study also demonstrates the potential of this developed methodology for monitoring purposes. An ongoing and more systematic approach could allow to detect modifications in drug use patterns among the target population as well as the appearance of new and hazardous substances. Such systematic and timely results could allow an adaptation of harm reduction interventions